In light of increasing demand for energy consumption due to life complexity and its requirements, which reflected on architecture in type and size, Environmental challenges have emerged in the need to reduce emissions and power consumption within the construction sector. Which urged designers to improve the environmental performance of buildings by adopting new design approaches, Invest digital technology to facilitate design decision-making, in short time, effort and cost. Which doesn’t stop at the limits of acceptable efficiency, but extends to the level of (the highest performance), which doesn’t provide by traditional approaches that adopted by researchers and local institutions in their studies and architectural practices, limits to assumption of prototypes and their design characteristics to evaluate and select the efficient ones. Without comprehensive coverage to variables range and design possibilities with points of balance between the conflicting influence on performance. Forcing them to shorten, round up and exclude many (values and determinants) to avoid consequent of extra time and effort and the additional costs for performance assessment methods. All due to the cognitive weakness in adopt modern approaches, which become easier for designers to learning and apply. Highlighting (Performance-Based Parametric Design), which achieves this level of performance and avoided all the negative aspects of traditional approaches. Although this approach has been applied in several architecture trends, however, this research will focus on (climate performance and energy consumption). Highlighting a research problem, “lack of cognitive clearness about the nature of adopting parametric approach for performance-based design in order to achieve more efficient designs”. The research will focus on local housing patterns as a simplified model for applying the parametric approach, So the research goal will be “Highlighting and unveiling the nature of the parametric approach and its mechanism in performance-Based Design, to create and optimize design characteristics, towards most efficient designs within the local housing styles”. To achieve this goal was to build a hypothesis “The mechanism of parametric approach Managed to address a conflict influence of design characteristics in building’s thermal and light performance, such as (dimensions, locations orientation of building spaces and windows to wall area ratio). To reach a balancing point between them, for maximum reduction in cooling energy consumption in the summer, while keeping a comfortable level of natural lighting.” The research adopted an applied method to Revealed the parametric design mechanism To represent these characteristics as (parameters) to process and test them within three sequential process, (modeling, simulation and optimization), combined in one digital tool, uses algorithm to select the effective characteristics, that matching the resulted performance with specific criteria determined by the designer. The approach optimizes characteristics of three local housing pattern (Detached, Attached, and courtyard), within local environment, in order to achieve optimal efficient design. Ending with a set of conclusions about the importance and necessity of adopting this new approach within local architectural and environmental practices and studies.
The splicing design of the existing road and the new road in the expansion project is an important part of the design work. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and the load effect of pavement structure on splicing, this paper points out that tensile crack or shear failure may occur at the splicing under the repeated action of the traffic load on the new/old pavement. According to the current structure design code of asphalt pavement in China, it is proposed that the horizontal tensile stress at the bottom of the splicing layer and the vertical shear stress at other layers of the splicing line should be controlled by adjusting the position and size of the excavated steps in addition to the conventional design ind
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The aim of the research is to identify the adequacy of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing in explaining the role of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing by linking the concepts of full, comprehensive and adequate disclosure to bank financing. The impact of full accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, the existence of an impact of comprehensive accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, the existence of an impact of adequate accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, and the research relied on the descriptive approach, the deductive and inductive approach, the inferential analytical approach, a
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Research Objectives: The research aims to highlight the approach of Imam Al-Qaradawi in contemporary jurisprudence in the recent issues of the jurisprudence of minorities, and mentioning the foundations of jurisprudence of minorities, along with some of the practical applications of Imam Al-Qaradawi.
Study Methodology: The researcher applied the inductive, analytical and comparative approach by tracking the scientific material related to the subject of the study from the books of Al-Qaradawi in the first place, then by comparing the legal provisions with what had been stated in the four schools of jurisprudence.
Findings: The interest and need of Muslim minorities in non-
... Show MoreIn Australia, most of the existing buildings were designed before the release of the Australian standard for earthquake actions in 2007. Therefore, many existing buildings in Australia lack adequate seismic design, and their seismic performance must be assessed. The recent earthquake that struck Mansfield, Victoria near Melbourne elevated the need to produce fragility curves for existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings in Australia. Fragility curves are frequently utilized to assess buildings’ seismic performance and it is defined as the demand probability surpassing capacity at a given intensity level. Numerous factors can influence the results of the fragility assessment of RC buildings. Among the most important factors that can affe
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Background: Uncontrolled hyperphosphatemia is the main difficulty facing staff treating patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Sevelamer and calcium-containing phosphate binders have been associated with cost burden and tissue calcification, respectively. Therefore, the current trial was targeted to investigate the efficacy of a new phosphate binder, ferric citrate, in a sample of Iraqi patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Keywords: Ferric citrate, Hemodialysis Phosphate binder
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This research theme of the pressures of work , which is one of the important topics in order to recognize the reality of( influencing the pressures of work in the performance of employees in the General Company for Vegetable Oil Industry in Baghdad )through the statement of the existence of the correlation and influence whether or not the statement of the strength of this relationship and its impact in the case of its existence has been provided as part of my Search for variables and their removal in front of the Sub- scientific aspect has been the distribution of the questionnaire on a sample of( 62) people working in the company Mint distributors on several sections where.
Formed resolution of two sets
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Saudi Arabia’s banking sector plays an important role in the country’s development as it is among the leading sectors in the financial sector. Considering, two main Saudi banks (The National Commercial Bank and Saudi American bank), the present study aims to observe the impact of emotional intelligence on employee performance. The components of emotional intelligence affecting employee performance include self-management, relationship management, self-awareness, and social awareness. A quantitative methodology was applied to analyse the survey results of 300 respondents over the period from 2018 to 2019. The results show that there was a significant positive impact of self-management, self-awareness, and relationship manageme
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The enemies of religion are still following the approach of undermining the Islamic faith in various ways through the diversity of methods of smear campaigns by raising suspicions to obliterate the Islamic identity and threaten security and stability of social life under the Islamic religion in Islamic societies, as we find that they have employed the doctrine of atheistic thought in order to distance people from the path of truth, distort the features of religion, destabilize psychological security and family stability, and thus destroy societal security by questioning the tolerant faith at times, and by raising suspicions at other times.
Hence, this research came to review the legal duty that requires Islamic scholars to protec
... Show MoreWhen writing a text, such as a newspaper article, various types of discourse markers are frequently used to group sentences into paragraphs and parts in order to establish a discourse with certain functions, such as coordination, orientation, emphasizing the concepts presented, etc. It should also be noted that this type of mark exists in both written and spoken language. Therefore, it is convenient to dedicate a chapter to these linguistic elements to clarify their use and their classification, which is mainly based on Jose Portolés (2001), as well as the main features, specifically their features (prosodic, morphological, semantic and pragmatic).
Resumen
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