the regional and spatial dimension of development planning must be taken as a point of departure to the mutual of the spatial structure of the economy , development strategy and policies applied 'therein such as the location principles and regional development coordination of the territorial problems with the national development planning and timing of regional vis-a-vis national development plan_. Certain balance and integration is of sound necessity' between national _regional and local development objectives through which the national development strategy should have to represent the guidelines of the local development aspirations and goals. The economic development exerts an impact on the spatial evolution, being itself subject to influence by the spatial socio- economic structures. The regional planning is not an end by itself, rather it is a factor for arranging to realize certain opinions or concepts more successfully. therefore, it is a basis for decision -making and policies to carry_ out the plans and programmers With a region adequately delineated, the organization and procedures could be planned for that specific - region and its problems , i e….., 'study must be directed ,in particular, towards the examination of economic ,social, geographic physical, geological hydro geological and many other factors. Hence , regionalism emphasizes the deep significance of the regional factors in national planning and development. The decentralization have to be accompanied with effective integrated planning at the national level and by measures and criteria where by regional plans may be satisfactorily integrated into the national policies. The regional policy is a trend of the economic, social and physical factors of production for higher economic growth and social development. Meanwhile to ensure the shaping of rational interregional proportions of the industrial location and in turn the per capita income among regions. The regional policy is integrally connected with the policy of the distribution of productive forces through investment as a factor of changes in the geographical distribution_ of output and development expressed by the changes of the location of output capacities and Tile changes of the location of industries. The structure of the regions is subject to changes due to different reasons such as changes in the level of employment, changes in the efficiency of labour and changes in the programmes of production.
This work describes the effect of temperature on the phase transformation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) prepared using metal organic precursors as starting materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the structural properties of TiO2 gels calcined at different temperatures (300, 500, 700) ?C. the results showed that the samples have typical peaks of TiO2 polycrystalline brookite nanopowders after calcined at (300 ?C), which confirmed by (111), (121), (200), (012), (131), (220), (040), (231), (132) and (232) diffraction peaks. Also, XRD diffraction spectra showed the presence of crystallites of anatase with low proportion of rutile phase where calcined at (500 ?C), while rutile phase domains at (700 ?C). The crystallite size of
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This paper deals with the F-compact operator defined on probabilistic Hilbert space and gives some of its main properties.
Equilibrium adsorption isotherm for the removal of trifluralin from aqueous solutions using ? –alumina clay has been studied. The result shows that the isotherms were S3 according Giels classification. The effects of various experimental parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, effect of pH and temperature of trifluralin on the adsorption capacities have been investigated. The adsorption isotherms were obtained by obeying freundlich adsorption isotherm with (R2 = 0.91249-0.8149). The thermodynamic parameters have been calculated by using the adsorption process at five different temperature, the values of ?H, ?G and ?S were (_1.0625) kj. mol-1, (7.628 - 7.831) kj.mol-1 and (_2.7966 - _2.9162) kg.
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This paper deal with the estimation of the shape parameter (a) of Generalized Exponential (GE) distribution when the scale parameter (l) is known via preliminary test single stage shrinkage estimator (SSSE) when a prior knowledge (a0) a vailable about the shape parameter as initial value due past experiences as well as suitable region (R) for testing this prior knowledge.
The Expression for the Bias, Mean squared error [MSE] and Relative Efficiency [R.Eff(×)] for the proposed estimator are derived. Numerical results about beha
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Secure information transmission over the internet is becoming an important requirement in data communication. These days, authenticity, secrecy, and confidentiality are the most important concerns in securing data communication. For that reason, information hiding methods are used, such as Cryptography, Steganography and Watermarking methods, to secure data transmission, where cryptography method is used to encrypt the information in an unreadable form. At the same time, steganography covers the information within images, audio or video. Finally, watermarking is used to protect information from intruders. This paper proposed a new cryptography method by using thre
... Show MoreVehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a distinctive form of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) that has attracted increasing research attention recently. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively investigate the elements constituting a VANET system and to address several challenges that have to be overcome to enable a reliable wireless communications within a vehicular environment. Furthermore, the study undertakes a survey of the taxonomy of existing VANET routing protocols, with particular emphasis on the strengths and limitations of these protocols in order to help solve VANET routing issues. Moreover, as mobile users demand constant network access regardless of their location, this study seeks to evaluate various mobility models for vehi
... Show MoreThe sintering behavior of Alumina was investigated by adding TiO2. The addition of TiO2 lowered the sintering temperature of the Alumina compared with those of pure Alumina. The result suggests that TiO2 acts as an activator for sintering of Alumina. Water absorption, apparent porosity and density were examined for both pure and TiO2 added to Alumina samples. The variations of sintering behavior were discussed in terms of shrinkage, porosity, water absorption and density. Thermal shock resistance was also examined. In term of this work, the way of improving the thermal shock resistance in oxide- based materials by adding reactive Titania powder to the Alumina samples. The laboratory results showed an improvement in thermal shock resistance
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