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centralization and decentralization in Iraq and its future prospects
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Centralization and decentralization, planning and development, and community participation in the management of its affairs and to activate all the abilities that multiple methods aimed at creating the proper environment for the growth and development of society in the place where he lives. As long as the overall trend in Iraq, represented by the Permanent Constitution of decentralization to regions and provinces, the solutions to the obstacles that may face this transition in some respects presents ways of coordination and integration between multiple levels of planning which can be exercised by the schematic in the future the organization. In this paper some of the visions and ideas that can  contribute to the organization.   

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2025
Journal Name
International Journal Of Sustainable Development And Planning
The Role of Sustainable Environmental Indicators in Urban Happiness: A Study of Al-Amir Neighborhood in Al-Najaf City, Iraq
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Ecology, Environment And Conservation
A qualitative study of Periphytic algae attached to thesurface of river boats in the Tigris River in AlAadhamiya, Baghdad, Iraq
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A seasonal study of periphytic algae attached to the surface of river boats was conducted in Tigris river in Al Aadhamiya site for the period from October 2016 to May 2017. A total of 107 taxa of periphytic algae were identified belonging to the four classes of algae. The periphytic algae community dominated by Bacillariophyceae was (60.7%) followed by Chlorophyceae (20.5%) and Cyanophyceae (17.7%) Chrysophyceae was constituted (0.9%) of the total number. During the whole period of study filamentous taxa such as Oscillatoria amphibian, Phormidium spp., Spirulinagigantean, Cladophoreglomerata and Melosira roeseana remained the dominant colonizer which may be reflect the ability of this species to grow multiplies under different environmental

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Materials And Environmental Science
Study the effect of some chemicals used locally in agricultural processes in Iraq on the DNAof some non-targeted organisms
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2025
Journal Name
Microbial Biosystems
Distribution of cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections in Iraq
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Uropathogenic Escherichia coli is the main cause of urinary tract infections, the ability of this bacteria to cause urinary tract infections is related to a variety of virulence factors that enhance colonization and evade the immune response, one of these virulence factors is cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 toxin which converts the glutamine residue to glutamic acid to activated GTPase Rho family. The study was meant to find out the prevalence rate of the cnf1 gene in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from Iraqi patients. Conventional laboratory methods were used for primary bacterial identification and molecular methods were used to confirm bacterial identity and gene detection. Escherichia coli was identified in 89/165 (53.93%) of th

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Evaluate the Distribution of Heavy Elements that Dissolved in Ground Water Using IDW in AL-Wafa City, Al-Ramadi,Iraq
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Groundwater can be assessed by studying water wells. This study was conducted in Al-Wafa District, Anbar Governorate, Iraq. The water samples were collected from 24 different wells in the study area, in January 2021. A laboratory examination of the samples was conducted. Geographical information systems technique was relied on to determine the values of polluting elements in the wells. The chemical elements that were measured were [cadmium, lead, cobalt and chromium]. The output of this research were planned to be spatial maps that show the distribution of the elements with respect to their concentrations. The results show a variation in the heavy elements concentrations at the studied area groundwater. The samples show different values

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 16 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Pressing References towards Abstraction in Arab and Islamic Art
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The Arab Islamic art was best known as pure abstraction or realism distorted from what is natural. The two styles, or one of them, was the most prominent in the Islamic arts, such as decoration, photography and architecture. The analogy that was prevalent in the non-Islamic world did not have a presence equivalent the aforementioned styles despite the great openness to the cultures of different countries, which characterized that stage, which resulted from the Islamic conquests, the conversion of many people to the Islamic faith, and their migration to the Islamic cities at the time, bringing with them their arts and methods of formulation. This makes us question the influential references that invite the Arab Muslim artist to follow the

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Fundamentalist graduation of customary celebrations and holidays in Islamic societies
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esearch Summary

Holidays and occasions in Islamic societies have a legal character and origin. Some of them are proven by the words and actions of the legislator, and some are within the scope of custom that is regulated by the honorable Sharia, and others are approved by scholars and people because of their connection, piety and charity.  It has a kind of good.

 One of the purposes of the noble Sharia is to glorify the honorable times associated with the blessed events, so that lessons and lessons may be recalled in them, and to activate the legitimate gifts in those events that develop in the individual, the family and the community the meanings of goodness and honor and all that is good and good.  Accord

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 08 2024
Journal Name
Al-academy
Aesthetic visual discourse and the audio system in theatrical performance
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Technologies of the theatre show elements get great transferring concerning the creative embodiment of its aesthetic elements including its raws, forms, parts and masses in an attempt to achieve the prin cipal expressive progress to embody the main theme of the idea and the intended subject .
This is within the criterion of supporting the way to deal with technologies (décor elements , lighting music tones vocal affects , fashion and makeup) that achieving the emagintional appropriate atmosbheres which the writer and the director of the theatre show aim to make it present and succeed by furming active participation tunches of the ability of the cinogra . phic – element dsigners in order to invlve the theatre space atmospheres in cl

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Discussion of Language and Poetry in A.R. Ammons's Garbage
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  A.R. Ammons's  Garbage is a unique poem in all measures, starting from the title to the subject matter of the poem.  Though it discusses the ecological repercussion of waste management, the long poem is written to shed light on the correlation between language\poetry and garbage. The paper argues that in his examination of language\poetry and garbage as both reflectors of human life and experience, Ammons claims that redemption is possible through both language and garbage by scrutinizing human experience whether low or high, mundane or sacred. This paper tries to examine Ammons's  efforts to use the farfetched metaphor of garbage to discuss language and poetry-writing.  

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Publication Date
Thu May 14 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Methods and Means of public relation in dealing with Bureaucracy
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The importance of Public Relations activity has increased during the last half of the last century as a specialized and modern administrative function in most institutions. It has, moreover, become an integral part of activities of those institutions of various types, due to its pivotal role in building its reputation and drawing a good mental image among its audiences, as well as its influential and basic role in maintaining communication and the communication between its members at its various levels and their job tasks to ensure the greatest amount of understanding and to enhance trust between them. This is why public relations activity has become indispensable in all institutions, and without it, it is difficult to achieve any coordi

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