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Mass Transfer Study for Bio-Synergy in Dairy Wastewater Treatment Plant
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The present study addresses the behavior of gases in cultivation media as an essential factor to develop the relationship between the microorganisms that are present in the same environment. This relationship was explained via mass transfer of those gases to be a reasonable driving force in changing biological trends. Stripping and dissolution of oxygen and carbon dioxide in water and dairy wastewater were investigated in this study. Bubble column bioreactor under thermal control system was constructed and used for these processes. The experimental results showed that the removal of gases from the culture media requires more time than the dissolution. For example, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient for the removal of oxygen is 1.67 min-1 while the volumetric mass transfer coefficient for dissolution the same gas is 3.18 min-1. The same thing occurred with carbon dioxide, where the data showed that the volumetric mass transfer coefficient of the dissolution of CO2 is 0.66 min-1 while the volumetric mass transfer coefficient for removal process is 0.374 min-1. However, the two processes (dissolution and removal) with CO2 take more time than that with O2. Therefore, the production of gases due to metabolic processes in bacteria or microalgae remains in culture’s media for a certain period even if that media is sparged by air. Thus, this will give enough time for both microorganisms to consume those gases.

Keywords: Bioreactor, mass transfer, microalgae, aerobic bacteria

 

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-farahidi's Arts
The Impact of Social Media on Customer Behavior - Survey Research for Tourism Companies in Baghdad
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The current research aims to diagnose the type and level of influence of social media, whose dimensions are represented by (attitudes towards social media marketing, knowledge and use of social media, influence on the Internet and social media, following up on social media) on customer behavior in its dimensions (attracting attention, raising Interest, desire creation, customer response), and the research sought to answer questions related to the research problem by testing the main hypotheses to explore correlations and influence between the two variables, and to achieve research hypothesis tests, the field study was used, as the research sample reached (135) individuals from the director and the assistant director And marketing personnel

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Relationship Analysis Between Monetary Policy and Financial Sustainability in Iraq For the Period 2015–2021
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This research aims to study and analyze the reality of monetary policy and financial sustainability in Iraq through either a descriptive or analytical approach by trying to link and coordinate between monetary policy and fiscal policy to enhance economic sustainability. The research is based on the hypothesis that the monetary policy of Iraq contributes to achieving financial stability, which improves economic sustainability by providing aid and assistance to the state to reduce the budget deficit and exacerbate indebtedness. The author used the monetary policy indicators, the re-deduction of Treasury transfers by the central bank and the money supply, and financial sustainability indicators, including the public debt indicators and the

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Procedures of Westernization for Legend In Iraqi Theater Show: علاء كريم صاحب-جاسم كاظم عبد
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Art of legend was arisen out of pillars of theatre which casts light on those legends that were written to glorify powers and situations surpass level of human beings . So we find that legend was transformed through its doctrine sides over level of concept and realization on field of subjects where by which Greek theatre was founded . As soon as it was adopted by drama art as legendary ritual phenomena with its stories . With that modes of social , spiritual expressions were differentiated within communities , peoples over all different countries and civilizations . This explains us the apparent difference in cases of legends , alike if they were within thoughtful , social or cultural sides between civilizations . Since drama art is mirr

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Indirect Flow Injection Spectrophotometric and Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Mebendazole in Pharmaceutical Formulations
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Chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods for the estimation of mebendazole in
pharmaceutical products were developed. The flow injection method was based on the oxidation of
mebendazole by a known excess of sodium hypochlorite at pH=9.5. The excess sodium hypochlorite is then
reacted with chloranilic acid (CAA) to bleach out its color. The absorbance of the excess CAA was recorded
at 530 nm. The method is fast, simple, selective, and sensitive. The chromatographic method was carried out
on a Varian C18 column. The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH), water
and triethylamine (TEA), (56% ACN, 20% MeOH, 23.5% H2O, 0.5% TEA, v/v), adjusted to pH = 3.0 with
1.0 M hy

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 27 2025
Journal Name
International On Applied Innovations In It (icaiit)
Green-Synthesized Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles for Adsorption, Antibacterial Applications, and Alleviating Water Stress in Fenugreek
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In this research, a novel synthesis of CaONPs has been developed via an environmentally friendly, green method. Garlic extract (Allium sativum) was used as a green-reducing and stabilizing agent for CaONPs. The average particle size of CaONPs was approximately 24.42 nm. The synthesized CaONPs were identified by using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, U.V.-vis spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and zeta potential (Zp) analysis. The current study highlights the notable applications for CaONPs. First, an antimicrobial assay revea

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Critical Evaluation for Grading and Fineness Modulus of Concrete Sands used in Sulaymaniyah City-Iraq
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Fine aggregates used for concrete works in Sulaymaniyah city frequently fail to meet the standard requirements for gradation and fineness modulus in cement concrete. This paper aims to critically evaluate gradation, fineness modulus, and clay contents of various natural sands produced and used for concrete work in the region.  Sixteen field sand samples were collected from various sites in Darbandikhan (5 samples), Qalat Dizah (5 samples), Koysinjaq (5 samples), and Piramagroon (1 sample) confirming to ASTM D75. The field samples were parted into test specimens based on ASTM C702. Then, sieve analysis was carried out on the oven-dry test specimens in compliance with ASTM C136. The test results of fine aggregates wer

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Modeling and Simulation for Performance Evaluation of Optical Quantum Channels in Quantum key Distribution Systems
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In this research work, a simulator with time-domain visualizers and configurable parameters using a continuous time simulation approach with Matlab R2019a is presented for modeling and investigating the performance of optical fiber and free-space quantum channels as a part of a generic quantum key distribution system simulator. The modeled optical fiber quantum channel is characterized with a maximum allowable distance of 150 km with 0.2 dB/km at =1550nm. While, at =900nm and =830nm the attenuation values are 2 dB/km and 3 dB/km respectively. The modeled free space quantum channel is characterized at 0.1 dB/km at =860 nm with maximum allowable distance of 150 km also. The simulator was investigated in terms of the execution of the BB84 p

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 19 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Advances In Chemical Engineering And Biological Sciences
Detection of Aflatoxin M1 in Pasteurized Canned Milk and Using of UV Radiation for Detoxification
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The current study was designed to investigate the presence of aflatoxin M1 in 25 samples of pasteurized canned milk which collected randomly from some Iraqi local markets using ELISA technique. Aflatoxin M1 was present in 21 samples, the concentration of aflatoxin M1 ranged from (0.25-50 ppb). UV radiation (365nm wave length) was used for detoxification of aflatoxin M1 (sample with highest concentration /50 ppb of aflatoxin M1 in two different volumes ((25 & 50 ml)) for two different time (15 & 30 min) and 30, 60, 90 cm distance between lamp and milk layer were used for this purpose). Results showed that distance between lamp and milk layer was the most effective parameter in reduction of aflatoxin M1, and whenever the distance increase the

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Energy Storage
Accelerated charging dynamics in shell-and-multi-tube latent heat storage systems for building applications
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2026
Journal Name
International Communications In Heat And Mass Transfer
Structural fin configurations for enhanced thermal performance of latent heat storage in building heating applications
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