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Numerical Simulation of Flow in Rectangular Duct with Different Obstruction Heights
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       In this study, a simulation model inside a channel of rectangular section with high of (0.16 m) containing two rectangular obstruction plates were aligned variable heights normal to the direction of flow, use six model of the obstructions height of (0.059, 0.066, 0.073, 0.08 and 0.087 m) were compared with the flow behavior of the same duct without obstructions. To predict the velocity profile, pressure distribution, pressure coefficient and turbulence kinetic energy flow of air, the differential equations which describe the flow were approximated by the finite volumes method for two dimensional, by using commercial software package (FLUENT) with standard of k-ε model two dimensions turbulence flow. The obtained results show that the velocity and the turbulence kinetic energy increase with increasing the obstructions height perpendicular to the flow direction. Streamlines contours used to show mixing of averaged flow-field in one pitch length. The streamlines helped to distinguish between important separated regions of the flow as well. Compared the first model of height of obstruction (0.059 m) with the fifth model of the obstruction of height (0.087 m) it is obtained an increasing in velocity about of (71 %) at the first obstruction and an increasing about (47 %) at the second obstruction. The data obtained by simulation are matching with previous the literature value.

 

 

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Kinetics and Energetic Parameters Study of Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution by Electro-Fenton Advanced Oxidation Using Modified Electrodes with PbO2 and Graphene
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The Electro-Fenton oxidation process is one of the essential advanced electrochemical oxidation processes used to treat Phenol and its derivatives in wastewater. The Electro-Fenton oxidation process was carried out at an ambient temperature at different current density (2, 4, 6, 8 mA/cm2) for up to 6 h. Sodium Sulfate at a concentration of 0.05M was used as a supporting electrolyte, and 0.4 mM of Ferrous ion concentration (Fe2+) was used as a catalyst. The electrolyte cell consists of graphite modified by an electrodepositing layer of PbO2 on its surface as anode and carbon fiber modified with Graphene as a cathode. The results indicated that Phenol concentration decreases with an increase in current dens

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2004
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Evaluation of Solid-Solid Mixing in an Air Fluidized Bed
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 07 2010
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
Synthesis and Spectral Studies for new Schiff base and its Binuclear Complexes with ZnII,CdII and HgII
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A new ligand (H4L) and its complexes with ( ZnII, CdII and HgII) were prepared. This ligand was prepared in two steps. In the first step a solution of terephthaldehyde in methanol was reacted under reflux with 1,2-phenylenediamine to give an precursor compound which reacted in the second step with 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde to give the ligand. The complexes were then synthesized by direct reaction of the corresponding metal chloride with the ligand. The ligand and complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1 HNMR, and atomic absorption, chloride content, HPLC, mole-ratio determination. in addition to conductivity measurement. The data of these measurements suggest a distorted tetrahedral geometry for ZnII, C

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Hormonal and biochemical factors among chronic liver disease men infected with Toxoplasmosis and some protozoan intestinal parasites
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Chronic liver disease (CLD) can potentially cause disruptions in the normal functioning of various endocrine organs responsible for producing hormones. As a result, individuals suffering from CLD may experience fluctuations or imbalances in the levels of certain hormones within their bodies. As well as they frequently have suppressed immune systems making them more vulnerable to parasite infections. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between Toxoplasma gondii infections and liver function by analyzing the interplay between these parasites and hormones. This study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq from December 2021 to May 2022. One hundred and twenty male patients with Chronic liver disease (CLD) (ag

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Robust M Estimate With Cubic Smoothing Splines For Time-Varying Coefficient Model For Balance Longitudinal Data
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In this research، a comparison has been made between the robust estimators of (M) for the Cubic Smoothing Splines technique، to avoid the problem of abnormality in data or contamination of error، and the traditional estimation method of Cubic Smoothing Splines technique by using two criteria of differentiation which are (MADE، WASE) for different sample sizes and disparity levels to estimate the chronologically different coefficients functions for the balanced longitudinal data which are characterized by observations obtained through (n) from the independent subjects، each one of them is measured repeatedly by group of  specific time points (m)،since the frequent measurements within the subjects are almost connected an

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 03 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The non right behavior appearance for the kindergarten children and its relation with the kindergarten teaching style
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The kindergarten teacher play a role in fixing the children behavior so she must plant the value and the habits that make a positive behavior and accepted by the society so the teacher must know all the right educational psychological styles to fix the children behavior and make them accepted psychologically and socially so the problem of the research start from knowing the relation between the methods of dealing with the kindergarten’s teachers and the non right behavior appearance for the kindergarten children. The current research aims to measure the negative behavior appearance of the children of kindergarten and distinguish it according to (sex and levels) and to distinguish the most using styles by the teachers of kinderg

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 26 2006
Journal Name
Acta Crystallographica Section E
(OC-6-13)-Bis[5-bromo-2-(4-bromo­phenyl­diazenyl)phen­yl]dicarbonyl­ruthenium(II) with mutually transN-donor atoms
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The title compound, [Ru(C12H7Br2N2)2(CO)2], possesses a distorted octa­hedral environment about the Ru atom, with two cyclo­metallated 4,4′-dibromo­azobenzene ligands and two mutually cis carbonyl ligands. The donor atoms are arranged such that the N atoms are mutually trans and the aryl C atoms are trans to carbonyl ligands.

Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2023
Journal Name
Optics Continuum
Ultrafast lithium disilicate veneer debonding time assisted by a CO<sub>2</sub> laser with temperature control
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We report on using a CO2 (10.6 µm) laser to debond the lithium disilicate veneers. Sixty-four sound human premolar teeth and 64 veneer specimens were used in the study. The zigzag movement via CO2 laser handpiece along with an air-cooled jet to prevent temperature elevation above the necrosis temperature limit (5.5 C°) was applied. The optimal deboning irradiation time was super-fast, at about 5 seconds at 3 Watt CO2 laser power. It is 20 times less than any previously published work for veneers debonding. The enamel beneath the debonded veneers has been assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and shear stress technique as criteria for the easiness of debonding. The

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 08 2022
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis, Characterization, Spectroscopic, Thermal and Biological Studies for New Complexes with N1, N2-bis(3-hydroxyphenyl) Oxalamide
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Enhancing Electrochemical Cells Performance with Modified Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents using Titanium Dioxide Nanoelectrodes- Graphite
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Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been found to be highly effective as electrolytes in TiO2 NTAs-graphite cells when combined with additives that enhance conductivity by reducing the viscosity of these liquids. The presence of CaCl2.6H2O: Acetamide DES with DI water as an additive resulted in a cell voltage of 1.31V and an internal resistance of 19 ohm. This can be attributed to the concentration and quality of the ionic species. The cells exhibited an interesting response to the AlCl3-chloroacetamide IL with dichloromethane DCM as an additive, with a cell voltage of 1.81V and an internal resistance of 5.0 ohm. Once again, this is influenced by the quality and concentration of the ionic species. Furthermore,

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