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PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF METHANOL-DIESEL BLENDS IN CI ENGINES
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Owing to the energy crisis and pollution problems of today, investigations have concentrated on
decreasing fuel consumption and on lowering the concentration of toxic components in combustion
products by using non-petroleum, renewable, sustainable and non-polluting fuels. While conventional energy sources such as natural gas, oil and coal are non-renewable, alcohol can be coupled to renewable and sustainable energy sources.
In this study, the combustion characteristics of diesel fuel and methanol blends were compared.
The tests were performed at steady state conditions in a four-cylinder DI diesel engine at full load at
1500-rpm engine speed. The experimental results showed that diesel methanol blends provided
12.7% increase in brake-specific fuel consumption due to its lower heating value. The results indicated that methanol may be blended with diesel fuel to be used without any modification on the engine.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
High performance work systems and general industrial enterprise performance
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High performance work systems and general industrial enterprise performance

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Synthesis and structural characteristics of Co1-xCuxFe2O4 magnetic ferrite nanoparticles using hydrothermal technique
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In this work, copper substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with
chemical formula Co1-xCuxFe2O4 (x=0, 0.3, and 0.7), has been
synthesized via hydrothermal preparation method. The structure of
the prepared materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The (XRD) patterns showed single phase spinel ferrite structure.
Average crystallite size (D), lattice constant (a), and crystal density
(dx) have been calculated from the most intense peak (311).
Comparative standardization also performed using smaller average
particle size (D) on the XRD patterns of as-prepared ferrite samples
in order to select most convenient hydrothermal synthesis conditions
to get ferrite materials with smallest average particl

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 27 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Morphometric Characteristics of the Aziana Valley Basin: هبه محمد فياض, اسحق صالح العكام
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The present study aims at examining quantitatively the morphometric characteristics of Iziana Valley basin that is located in the northern part of Iraq; particularly in south of Erbil Governorate. This basin is considered one of the small sub-basins where its valleys run on formations of the Triple and Quadrant Ages, which are represented by the Bay Hassan formations, and the sediments and mixed sediments of the cliffs, respectively. The area of ​​the Iziana basin amounts to (36.39 km2) whereas the percentage of its rotation reaches (0.17); a low percentage, which indicates that the basin diverges from the circular to the rectangular shape. The value of the elongation ratio of the basin reaches (0.38) while the terrain rat

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Applied Physics Letters
Photoluminscence Characteristics of Al2O3/Si Multilayer Structures Fabricated by DC Reactive Sputtering Technique
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 In this work, nanostructure aluminum oxide thin films were deposited on glass substrates using a direct current (DC) magnetic reactive sputtering (MRS) technique. A gaseous mixture of argon and oxygen at different mixing ratios was used to synthesize Al2O3 nanoparticles. After extracting Al2O3 powder from the glass substrate, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the structural and morphological properties of the synthesized thin films. The effect of deposition time on the spectral properties, as well as on the size of the nanoparticles, was determined.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characteristics and Study the Photoluminscience of the CdSxSe1-x Nanocrystaline Thin Film
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 The present work focuses on the changing of the structural characteristics of the grown materials through different material characterization methods. Semiconductor CdSxSe 1-x nano crystallines have been synthesized by chemical vapor depostion. (X- ray Diffraction; XRD), (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy; FESEM), measured the characterization of Semiconductor CdSxSe1-x nano crystallines. The optical properties of semiconductor CdSxSe1-x nanocrystallines have been studied by the photoluminescence (PL) (He-Cd pulsed ultraviolet laser at 325nm excitation wavelength) at room temperature. The results showed the change rule of photoluminsence peak at different S

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Abrasive Wear Characteristics of Composite Material (AA 7075 / SiC) Synthesized by Stir Casting
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Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites (ALMMCs) was prepared by using stir casting technique for AA 7075 aluminum alloy as a matrix reinforced with SiC particles at various percentages (3, 6, 9 and 12 wt. % ) and 75µm in grain size. The prepared composite material can be used for many applications such as aerospace, automobiles and many industrial sectors. Abrasive wear test was carried out by two stages: the first stage was done by changing the emery papers at various grit sizes 180, 320, 500, and 1000µm with constant applied load 15N. While the second stage was carried out by changing the applied loads 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25N with constant emery paper at 320 µm grit size. Microstructure examination, hardness test and roughn

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Assessment the Engineering Characteristics of the Smear Zone around PVDs Using Laboratory Tests
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Smear zone is usually formed around the prefabricated vertical drains (PVD’s) due to mandrel driving. The geotechnical properties of the soil in this zone exhibit significant changes that affect the performance of the PVD’s. The most relevant property in this respect is the coefficient of permeability. So far, no serious attention is paid to investigate the effects of shearing under large shear strains on the geotechnical properties of the soft soil in Fao region. In this study, an extensive laboratory testing program was conducted to assess the characteristics of the smear zone with an emphasis on the permeability coefficient of Fao soft soil. The results show that the permeability of the smear zone is about 70% of

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Technologies And Materials For Renewable Energy, Environment And Sustainability: Tmrees21gr
Theoretical studies of electronic transition characteristics of senstizer molecule dye N3-SnO2 semiconductor interface
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Theoretical studies of electronic transition characteristics of senstizer molecule dye N3-SnO2 semiconductor interface. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362773032_Theoretical_studies_of_electronic_transition_characteristics_of_senstizer_molecule_dye_N3-SnO2_semiconductor_interface [accessed May 01 2023].

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 25 2024
Journal Name
Metals
The Effects of Three Antibacterial Nanoparticle Coatings on the Surface Characteristics of Stainless Steel
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The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial capabilities of different coating durations of three nanoparticle (NP) coatings: molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), and zinc oxide (ZnO), and their effects on the surface characteristics of 316L stainless steel (SS). The coated substrates underwent characterization utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) techniques. The antibacterial efficacy of NPs was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. The FE-SEM and EDX images confirmed the presence of nano-sized particles of Mo, Ta, and ZnO on the surface of the substrates with perfectly symmetrical spheres and a uniform distribution of

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Applied Physics
Effects of Magnetic Field on Growth and Electrical Characteristics of Tornado Gliding Arc Discharge
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This study investigates the characterization and growth dynamics of a Magnetically Stabilized Gliding Arc Discharge (MSGAD) system, generating non-thermal plasma with argon gas under atmospheric pressure and flow rates of 1-5 L/min. The electrical properties and growth patterns concerning gas flow rates and applied voltages were examined utilizing a magnetic field for stability. Using a digital oscilloscope, a correlation between voltage reduction and increased current was uncovered. An algorithm analyzes digital images to compute arc length, area, and volume. Results reveal how gas flow rate and applied voltage directly impact arc growth. Furthermore, the magnetic field's role in guiding and stabilizing the plasma discharge was explored. T

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