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Improving the Accuracy of Handheld GPS Receivers Based on NMEA File Generating and Least Squares Adjustment
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This study aims to improve the quality of satellites signals in addition to increase accuracy level delivered from handheld GPS data by building up a program to read and decode data of handheld GPS. Where, the NMEA protocol file, which stands for the National Marine Electronics Association, was generated from handheld GPS receivers in real time using in-house design program. The NMEA protocol file provides ability to choose points positions with best status level of satellites such as number of visible satellite, satellite geometry, and GPS mode, which are defined as accuracy factors. In addition to fix signal quality, least squares technique was adopted in this study to minimize the residuals of GPS observations and enhance its accuracy. Moreover, one hundred reference control points were established using geodetic GPS receiver (GR5 receiver), and fixing them in a specified sites of the University of Baghdad, Al Jadriya campus, which selected as a study area, to evaluate positioning accuracy of handheld GPS before and after adjustment. The study findings showed significant decrease in root mean square error (RMSE) in both horizontal and vertical directions from 9.4 m to 3.2 m and 6.8 m to 2.4 m respectively.

 

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2016
Journal Name
Injury Prevention
972 The effectiveness of injury prevention program on reducing the incidence of lower limb injuries in adolescent male soccer players
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The highest incidence of injury is seen in adolescent playing pivoting sports such as soccer, basketball, and handball. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of a neuromuscular prevention program in reducing knee and ankle injuries in adolescent male soccer players.

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Publication Date
Mon May 18 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
An Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Gingival Retraction Materials on the Gingival Tissue Displacement (A Comparative In Vivo Study)
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Background: An accurate adaptation of the crown to the finish line is essential to minimize cement dissolution and to preserve periodontium in fixed partial denture cases. An accurate adaptation of crown is possible only when preparation details are captured adequately in the impression and transferred to cast. For these reasons, gingival displacement is necessary to capture subgingival preparation details.The aim of the present study is to measure in vivo the horizontal displacement of the gingival sulcus obtained by using three new cordless retraction materials (Magic Foam Cord®, Racegel and Astringent Retraction Paste) in comparison to medicated retraction cord. Materials and method: Thirty-two patients requiring porcelain fused to me

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Publication Date
Mon May 18 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effects of various beverages on the shear bond strength of light-cured orthodontic composite (An in vitro comparative study)
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Background: This study was conducted to assess the effects of various beverages on the shear bond strength of light-cured orthodontic composite used to bond stainless steel orthodontic brackets on human teeth and to determine the site of bonding failure of this material. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted human premolars were selected and randomly divided into five equal groups each with 10 teeth according to the beverage type (Control, One Tiger, Milk, Green tea and Coffee). After bonding, the teeth were immersed in specific beverages for 5 minutes twice daily with equal intervening intervals then washed and stored in distilled water at 37º C for the reminder of the day. The process was carried out for 30 days. The samples were then

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The Role of Public Relations Management on the Practices of Green Human Resources Management in Jordanian Private Hospitals in Amman
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The study aimed to identify the role of public relations management in its dimensions (mental image, media, advertising, and the public) on green human resource management practices in Jordanian private hospitals in Amman, and this study relied on the quantitative approach (descriptive and analytical) to test hypotheses. Where the questionnaire was relied upon to collect data and their number was (1771) workers, and the study population consisted of workers in the hospitals that were studied on them and their number was 10 hospitals, where 316 questionnaires were distributed, 300 questionnaires were retrieved, and 16 questionnaires were not valid for analysis. That is, 91.7% of the sample, and the study relied on proportional stratified

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Sumer 1
The effect of silver diamine fluoride on the microleakage of glass ionomer restoration in primary teeth at different time intervals
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Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has shown effectiveness in hardening tooth structure and killing bacteria. Therefore, it can be used to prevent and arrest dental caries. Riva Star (SDF) treatment alone will stop cavities but will not reverse the cavitation. The Silver Modified Atraumatic Procedure, often known as Smart, is the optimum technique for regaining the tooth's structure and function. Glass ionomer was introduced in (1972) as a new material that has become one of the most widely used materials in restorative dentistry. By releasing fluoride ions, this material has a therapeutic impact on the surrounding tooth structure. Microleakage is the ingress of bacteria, its byproducts, toxins, chemicals, oral fluids, and ions between t

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 05 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Investigating the Influence of Precursor Concentration on the Photodegradation of Methylene Blue using Biosynthesized ZnO from Pometia pinnata Leaf Extracts
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The ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized at various precursor concentrations i.e. 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 M by biosynthesis method based on Pometia pinnata Leaf Extracts. Initial nanoparticle concentration influenced the optical bandgap, shape, and structure of nanoparticles. The photodegradation process was carried out under UV illumination. The efficiency of MB degradation was determined by measuring the decrease in MB concentration and by analyzing the optical absorption at 663 nm recorded by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Results showed that the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles exhibited efficient photodegradation of MB, with a maximum degradation rate of 80% after 90 minutes of exposure to UV-C light. The study highlights the potential of Pometia pi

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The impact of cognitive incompatibility schemes on the development of creative thinking skills in history subjects among first grade students
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The aim of this research is to find out the impact of cognitive incompatibility schemes on the development of creative thinking skills among first grade students.
To prove the objective of the research, the researcher put the following hypothesis:
There is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the average score of the experimental group who study the history of ancient civilizations according to the patterns of cognitive conflict and the average grades of the control group students who study the same subject in the usual way in the test of post-creative thinking skill

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The effect of knowledge assimilation on strategic clarity - an exploratory study in the Iraqi Ministry of Transport - Iraqi Airways Company*
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The research aims to build an integrated frame of knowledge for the basic research topics, represented by (assimilation of knowledge, strategic clarity) and their basic variables, by examining the most important scientific propositions on these topics in administrative thought, and framing the knowledge contained in them, in a serious attempt to provide appropriate answers to questions The research dilemma, and the research was applied in the Iraqi Airways Company, whose number is (1200) employees, and the descriptive and analytical approach was adopted in conducting the research. A valid form for statistical analysis, i.e., with a retrieval rate of (92%). The two researchers used the (SPSS & AMOS) program for

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 21 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The effect of technology on achieving contemporary levels in the space of Arab Islamic architecture “Mosques is a case study”
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Arab-Islamic architecture has undergone a change at multiple levels affected by modern technology, so the research sought to address the role of contemporary technologies on a fundamental and fundamental component of architecture, which is the architectural space, what is known as the essence of architecture and its ultimate destination, with a focus on the architectural space in the architecture of the contemporary Arab Islamic mosque, because the mosque’s architecture is so important in Islamic law and the belief of the Muslim person himself, where the mosque is the functional style produced by the Islamic faith and embodied in it, whereas, knowing the levels of influence of contemporary technologies in the architectural spac

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Effect of Organizational Compliance on High Performance: An Analytical Research in the General Company of Leather Industries / Cotton Factor
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This research aims to identify how organizational compatibility, which represents the independent variable, affects higher performance, which is considered a dependent variable, given the importance of these variables in industrial organizations and their clear impact on their stability, survival, and growth in the light of changing environmental challenges.  Where the practical research problem was represented by the weakness of awareness of the importance toward organizational compatibility and its dimensions (organizational loyalty, organizational similarity, affiliation or membership, compatibility with goals, and compatibility with values), which is meant by the individual's compatibility with the organization in which he/she w

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