In this study, the effect of ceramic coating on the performance and gases emission on diesel engine was investigated. A four-stroke, direct injected, single cylinder, diesel engine was tested at constant speed and at different load conditions without coating. Then, the inlet and exhaust valves faces were coated by about 500µm with ceramic materials. Ceramic layers were made of YttriaStabilized Zirconia (YSZ), and NiCrAl as a bond coat. The coating technique adapted in this work is the flame spray method. The engine with valves ceramiccoated research was tested for the same operation conditions of the engine (without coating). The results indicate a reduction in both fuel consumption by about 7.6% and particulate emissions by about (13% for HC and 14.5% for CO) with increasing in exhaust gases temperature after coating.
This research worked on identifying the effect of increasing the volume of indebtedness by companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange on the trading volume of those companies, and this research included some theoretical concepts related to both debt financing and trading volume, and it represents the research community of the joint-stock companies listed in The Iraq Stock Exchange (the banking sector). As for the research sample, it was deliberately chosen represented by companies with continuous trading without stopping, which reached 10 joint-stock companies, and the period of research was extended during the period 2011-2015, and a set of indicators and financial methods were used In measuring research v
... Show MoreScorpions and spiders belong to the class Arachnida in phylum Arthropoda. Scorpions are easily distinguished by median eyes on obvious the center of the carapace and have one pair, and lateral eyes have 2-8 in some species. Scorpions do not have good eyesight so the median eyes have always been simple and they are more sensitive than the lateral pairs. They have anterior median eyes (AME) with narrow field of view and pairs of lateral eyes (LE) with more sensitivity and response to light. Family Buthidae have 2-6 lateral eyes in Compsobuthus Mesobuthus, Hottentotta, while Vaejovidae, Chactidae and Chaerilidae have 2 pairs of lateral eyes. In addition, 3 pairs are found in Orthochirus and Androctonus. Spiders have six eyes in family Pholicid
... Show MoreAim: To evaluate the effect of ultrasonic agitation for retrograde biodceramic root repair, MTA and biodentine filling materials on push-out bond strength to dentine walls. Materials and Methods: Ninety extracted human teeth with single straight roots were selected randomly. After disinfection and cleaning, the coronal portions were sectioned to standardize the root canal length at 15mm. following root canal shaping, obturation and apical roots resection, retrograde cavities were prepared. Teeth were categorized depending on the filling material used into three groups, 30 teeth each. Group A filled with bioceramic root repair material, B with MTA and C with Biodentine material. These groups were divided in to three subgroup (n= 10). Subgrou
... Show MoreThe research aims to reveal the impact of developmental leadership in its dimensions (ideal model, interest in employees, inspiration and motivation) as an independent variable in achieving adaptive performance in its dimensions (Creative problem solving, learning and motivation, Training efforts, adaptability, work stress management, dealing with crises and emergencies) as a dependent variable, and the research aims to enhance the quality of developmental leadership in the research sample through this leadership style, which is a modern style and is still under research and study with a focus on the benefit of adaptive performance From a psychological and organizational research sample consisting of (106) respondents from the middle adm
... Show MoreElectrophoretic Deposition (EPD) process offers various advantages like the fabrication of the ceramic coatings and bodies with dense packing, good sinterability and homogenous microstructure. The variables namely (applied potential, deposition time and sintering temperature) affected the development of hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings. The coating weight and thickness were found to increase with the increase in applied potential or coating time. Sintering temperature was found to affect in change phases of the metal, furthermore the firing shrinkage of the HAP coating on a constraining metal substrate leads to serve cracking. XRD Characterization indicates the formation of a contamination free phase pure, and the optical micrographs show th
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This study was to demonstrate the role-use planning scientific methods is disabled and little used in the planning and follow-up construction of vital projects in the province of Baghdad, including network planning methods, in order to find the optimal time to finish the project in light of the resources available and the budget set for it, in the current research has been used the most prominent network planning methods and two stylistic (CPM / PERT), was the application of the critical path method on standard-design school project (traditional) to draw Action Network according to confirmed times for the activities of the project and account his Crashing time , It was Pert technique applied to the project hemato
... Show MoreSocial responsibility has achieved tremendous attention by academicians and practitioners to focus on social responsibility accounting. However, many studies around the globe have been conduct to measure the outcomes of social responsibility accounting. This paper presents the impact of applying the supply chain strategy (SCS) on the agribusiness field to optimize productivity and decreasing cost which will have a direct impact on the net income of the organization. The inconclusive results of earlier studies stimulated this research to social responsibility accounting-financial performance. The equivocal results of this phenomenon urge this study to investigate the role of other factors in the relationship of social responsibility accounti
... Show MoreThe research aims to know the impact of workers values on their performance which is reflected on increasing productivity and improving its quality as well as the organization's progress and success. Application of this research took place in the General Company Of Electrical Industries; it contained four main pillars; the first involved research methodology، regarding the problem، importance، aim، basic theory، and method of data collection، the second is dedicated to the theoretical framework related to the research basic variables (values and workgroups) the third is assigned to analyze the actual data by using number of statistical methods، such as mathematical medium and standard deviation and also spearman rank
... Show MoreThe present study includes the effect of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of Piper nigrum against the third instar of Culex pipiens molestus (Diptera:Culicidae) in different concentrations: 1, 1.5 ppm of ethanolic extracts of Piper nigrum causing 100% mortality of larvae in the second day of treatment, while the concentrations 5% of aqueous extracts of Piper nigrum caused 100% mortality of larvae in the second day of treatment. The concentration 2.5% caused 100% mortality of larvae after four days of treatment. The current study also detected the effect of 0.1% concentration of Piper nigrum aqueous extract. The effect of this concentratio
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