Background: This study evaluate the immunohistochemical expression profile of transforming growth factor beta-1 in inflamed gingival tissue of patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and, determine the correlation between this cytokine and the clinical periodontal parameters, intensity of inflammation and chronic periodontitis severity. Materials and methods: Gingival tissue specimens were taken from 23 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy subjects. The periodontal status was evaluated by dichotomous measurements of the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD, CAL). The gingival specimens were fixed immediately in 10% formalin and processed ro

  In Iraq,  government contributions to the public companies have become a very important aspect which contributes to the survival and sustainability of these institutions as it consider  one of the main sources of funding, if not it consider the basis of funding.

  According to  the vital roles assigned to these institutions to follow up, which usually  include important activities in the national economy, the research focused on studying the field reality of the method used in evaluating the stock of total production and purchases of goods for the purpose of selling the strategic commodities of the General Company for Grain Trade.  As a result, the aim of this study came to came to highlight&n

The revolution of technology in the 21st century has changed radically the
climate of opinion concerning second language education. In order to excel in
today’s world, teachers and learners need to adopt new roles and be equipped with
new skills and competencies that go beyond the basic ones of listening, speaking,
reading, and writing; skills that cannot be gained if teachers teach mere academic
subjects, and students are evaluated on how well they have learnt the minute sub
skills in those content areas.
This session will touch upon several skills which may be considered the
new basics of the 21st century. Among these skills are: autonomy, active learning,
critical thinking, cooperative learning, and digita

The task of an educational institution such as kindergartens need to run by managers possess the knowledge to manage the administration of the importance in the development of kindergarten has been the goal of research to identify knowledge management at Riyadh managers, and achieve the objectives of Search selected sample of directors of kindergartens in the city of Baghdad was (160) director was Akhtarhn simple random way, been building measure for knowledge management and presented to the group of experts and extracted stability in a way re-testing and Alvakronbach and reach search to a discrepancy between managers Riyadh in knowledge management and put the researcher set of recommendations including the establishment of seminars and

The study included identification of Leishmania parasites from cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, by examination of smears for LD bodies , isolation of parasites by culture in media , and characterisation of the isolated parasites by Isoenzyme analysis.Out of 100 cases suspected for cutaneous leishmaniasis ; 85 were diagnosed on culture for Leishmania promastigotes and this method was found to be superior to direct microscopy for amastgotes (LD bodies) .The cases included in this study belonged to different areas of Wasit/Iraq. There were 30 cases from Hay, 35 from Badra, and 35 cases from Suwaira.The distribution of infection in different age groups indi

Materials with external dimensions of one or more nanometers are referred to as nanomaterials. These structures result from a number of manufacturing processes. They are used in many industries, including pharmaceuticals, which is the most significant one. Numerous variables, including size, shape, surface morphology, crystallinity, solubility, etc., affect physical properties. While new physical and chemical processes are being created constantly, the biological method is the ideal strategy for synthesizing nanoparticles since it is straightforward, safe, and economical. Different kinds of nanoparticles can be metabolically synthesized by a wide variety of biological sources, including plants, bacteria, fungi, and yeast. There are

Background: Decalcification of surface enamel adjacent to fixed orthodontic appliances, in the form of white spot lesions, is a wide spread and familiar well-known side effect of orthodontic treatment. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of enamel protective agent (Clinpro white varnish) on shear and tensile bond strength of Dentaurum orthodontic stainless steel brackets by using 3M Unitek and Ormco as orthodontic adhesive agents. Materials and methods: Sixty-four extracted human upper first premolar teeth were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 32 teeth each, representing the shear and tensile bond strength testing groups. Then according to the type of bonding adhesive and the addition of Clinpro before

Permanent deformation (rutting) of asphalt mixtures is one of the major forms of distress. Aggregate gradation is one of the most important factors affecting the permanent deformation of asphalt mixtures. Other variables are also important to understand their effects on the mixture such as temperature, binder content and compaction level. For this purpose 6 different aggregate gradations have been chosen and each one of them has been manufactured / tested with different variables. The results showed that at relatively low temperature there is little effect of aggregate packing on the permanent deformation. However, as the temperature increases the effect of gradation becomes apparent, in that the better the packing the better the resistance

This study has been undertaken to postulate the mechanism of impact test at low velocities. Thin-walled tubes of 100Cr6 were deformed under axial compression. In the present work there are seven velocities (4.429,4.652,5.240,5.600,5.942,6.264, 6.569) m\sec were applied to show how they effect the load, change in length, also the kinetic energy. However, the comparison between the obtained results and the other studies (Alexandar[3] , Abramowicz[4], Ayad[5]) was made the present work and Ayad data show good agreement. Load, change in length, kinetic energy were determined to understand the impact test.

The segmentation of aerial images using different clustering techniques offers valuable insights into interpreting and analyzing such images. By partitioning the images into meaningful regions, clustering techniques help identify and differentiate various objects and areas of interest, facilitating various applications, including urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management. This paper aims to segment color aerial images to provide a means of organizing and understanding the visual information contained within the image for various applications and research purposes. It is also important to look into and compare the basic workings of three popular clustering algorithms: K-Medoids, Fuzzy C-Mean (FCM), and Gaussia