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Assessment of Traditional Asphalt Mixture Performance Using Natural Asphalt from Sulfur Springs
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This research utilized natural asphalt (NA) deposits from sulfur springs in western Iraq. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of an asphalt mixture incorporating NA and verify its suitability for local pavement applications. To achieve this, a combination of two types of NA, namely soft SNA and hard HNA, was blended to create a binder known as Type HSNA. The resulting HSNA exhibited a penetration grade that adhered to Iraqi specifications. Various percentages of NA (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) were added to petroleum asphalt. The findings revealed enhanced physical properties of HSNA, which also satisfied the requirements outlined in the Iraqi specifications for asphalt cement.

Consequently, HSNA can serve as an asphalt binder to produce asphalt mixtures for flexible paving construction. Notably, HSNA mixtures exhibited greater Marshall stability and stiffness index when compared to traditional mixtures. The results from indirect tensile strength (ITS) and tensile strength ratio (TSR) tests indicated that the 80NA mixture displayed the highest ITS values and a TSR of 81.36%, surpassing the TSR of the mixture incorporating petroleum asphalt by 0.57%.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Business And Technopreneurship
Assessment of Entrepreneurship Education on the Relationship Between Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioural Control and Entrepreneurial Intention
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Entrepreneurial events are understood to be imperious in accelerating the economic development of nations owing to a large number of jobs it creates. Thus, both developed and developing countries understand the importance of entrepreneurship education to instil student interest in entrepreneurial action. This study investigates the moderating effect of entrepreneurship education (EEP) on the relationship between attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SNMS), and perceived behavioural control (PBC) towards entrepreneurship intention (EINT) of university undergraduate students. The study population covered 794 students from all the four faculties of Northwest University Kano, that were taught a compulsory entrepreneurship education course in their

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Experimental Study for Assessment of Cutting Density Effect on Hole Cleaning Efficiency in Inclined and Horizontal Wells
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The poor hole cleaning efficiency could causes many problems such as high torque, drag, poor hydraulics and pipe stuck. These inherent problems result in an avoidable high operation cost which this study tried to address.  In this study, the effect of cutting density on hole cleaning efficiency in deviated and horizontal wells was investigated. Experiments were conducted using 40 feet (12 m) long of flow loop made from iron and PVC. However, the test section was made from PVC with (5.1m) long and (4” ID) for outer pipe and (2” OD) inner pipe. The cutting transport ratio (CTR) was determined from weight measurements for each test. Cutting Transport Ratio has been investigated for effects of the following parameters; flow rate, cu

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Pregnant Women Knowledge toward Urinary Tract Infection in Primary Health Care Centers at Kirkuk City
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Abstract
Objective: To assess pregnant women Knowledge toward Urinary Tract Infection at Kirkuk City.


Methodology: A descriptive and analytical study was conducted from 1st of November 2013 and up to the 19 th of August 2014 in five typical primary health care centers at Kirkuk City. A Probability (randomly sample) was used to select the sample of 180 women aged (15-44) years. A questionnaire format was used as a tool for data collection , content validity of the questionnaire achieved through reviewing it by (24) experts in numerous scientific fields and reliability of the questionnaire was determined through a pilot study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2013
Journal Name
Advances In Physics Theories And Applications
Analysis and Assessment of Essential Toxic Heavy Metals, PH and EC in Ishaqi River and Adjacent Soil
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This research was conducted to determine content levels of heavy metal pollution. Samples taken from Ishaqi River bank and adjacent agricultural soils area, in ten sites, distributed along 48 km of the Ishaqi River, north Baghdad. The evaluated metals were Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Chromium, Cadmium, Vanadium and Lead. PH and Electric Conductivity (EC) were measured to evaluate the acidity and (EC). Results showed that most site were contaminated with metals evaluated. Among these metals, Zn, Mn, Fe and Ni were consistently higher in all the samples (both river bank and adjacent soil) followed by PB, CU, V, Cd, Co and Cr. The level concentrations of river bank were almost higher than that of adjacent soil. As will be re

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 20 2026
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effects of a Chelated Multi-Micronutrient Nanofertilizer on the Liver ofAlbino Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Assessment
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Nanofertilizers offer a promising solution to increase crop yields amid increasing population pressure. Yet  there have been safety concerns about their use, particularly in challenging conditions. This work was designed to assess the toxicological effects of a chelated multi-micronutrient nanofertilizer on albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) as non-target organisms, focusing on the liver, which has important metabolic functions. Thirty-five animals were weighed and randomly divided into 5 groups (n=7). A negative control group was included, and four experimental groups (C1-C4) were given the test item. The dosing regimen for the experimental groups was 15 oral doses of nanofertilizer every other day for 29 days. All the groups were

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 07 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of mothers' practices toward children with steroid – sensitive nephrotic syndrome at pediatrics hospitals in Baghdad city
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Objective(s): To assess mothers' practices toward children with steroid – sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome (SSNS) who
are visiting nephrology consultation units, and to find out the relationships between their practices and the
demographical data for mother and child.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at nephrology consultation units of Baghdad pediatrics hospitals
(Child's Central Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Al-kadimiyia Teaching Hospital, and Welfare Teaching Hospital) started
from February 18th to the end of July 2009. A purposive sample of (80) mothers who company their children were
selected. The data were collected through a constructed questionnaire, with two parts; the first part is concerned with<

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Characterization of the Groundwater within Regional Aquifers and Suitability Assessment for Various Uses and Purposes-Western Iraq
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Groundwater quality investigation has been carried out in the western part of Iraq (west longitude '40°40). The physicochemical analyses of 64 groundwater samples collected from seven aquifers were used in the determination of groundwater characterization and assessment. The concept of spatial hydrochemical bi-model was prepared for quantitative and qualitative interpretation. Hydrogeochemical data referred that the groundwater is of meteoric origin and has processes responsible for observed brackishness. The geochemical facies of the groundwater reveal that none of the anions and cations pairs exceed 50% and there are practically mixtures of multi-water types (such as Ca–Mg–Cl–HCO3 and Na+K–SO4–Cl water type) as do

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Assessment of Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Hyperglycemia, and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines as Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Acromegaly Patients
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Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common comorbidities associated with enlarged extremities, occurring in 60 % of patients with acromegaly. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of growth hormone and insulin such as growth factor-1 with obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10), as risk factors for cardiovascular disorder in acromegaly patients. Eighty subjects were included and categorized into two groups: 40 acromegaly patients and 40 of the control group. The results indicated weight excess, hyperglycemia, hypertension, lipid disorder, and elevated levels of interleukins (2, 6, and 10). The correlation of both GH and IGF-1 with each of weight, BMI, systolic blood p

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Diversity Assessment by Molecular Barcoding and Seed Morphology in Ricinus communis L.: Molecular diversity of Ricinus seeds
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Fourteen morphologically varied Ricinus communis L. seeds were collected from different localities in Egypt, El-Sudan and Saudi Arabia. Seed morphology and ITS barcoding analysis were performed to assess their diversity and phylogenetic relationship. Sequence’s alignment of nrITS region from different accessions display high levels of genetic similarities. Cluster analysis could not group different accessions according to their geographical distribution. Nevertheless, the genetic barcodes are interestingly matched with the morphological features of the Ricinus seeds. In conclusion, seed morphology proved to be a valuable tool in evaluating biodiversity and phylogenetic relationship in plant species with different loca

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 26 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Experimental Assessment of R134a and Its Lower GWP Alternative R1234yf in an Automobile Air Conditioning System
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Reducing global warming potential (GWP) of refrigerants is needed to the decrease of ozone-depleting of refrigeration systems leakages. Refrigerant R1234yf is now used to substitute R134a inside mobile air conditioning systems. Thermodynamic properties of R1234yf are similar to R134a. Also, it has a very low GWP of 4, compared to 1430 for R134a, making it a proper choice for future automobile refrigerants. The purpose of this research is to represent the main operating and performance differences between R1234yf and R134a. Experimental analysis was carried out on the automotive air conditioning system (AACS) with 3 kW nominal capacity, to test and compare the performance of R134a with R1234yf. Experiments were accomplish

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