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An Overview of How the Petrophysical Properties of Rock Influenced After Being Exposed to Cryogenic Fluid
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Exposure to cryogenic liquids can significantly impact the petrophysical properties of rock, affecting its density, porosity, permeability, and elastic properties. These effects can have important implications for various applications, including oil and gas production and carbon sequestration. Cryogenic liquid fracturing is a promising alternative to traditional hydraulic fracturing for exploiting unconventional oil and gas resources and geothermal energy. This technology offers several advantages over traditional hydraulic fracturing, including reduced water consumption, reduced formation damage, and a reduced risk of flow-back fluid contamination. In this study, an updated review of recent studies demonstrates how the thermal shock caused by the cryogenic liquid during the fracturing process substantially affects the rock's physical properties. Additionally, changes in permeability, porosity, and pore structure brought about by cryogenic treatments are highlighted. This work aims to draw attention to the studies that deal with the effect of thermal shock on rock petrophysical properties and establish the ideal conditions for employing cryogenic liquids in these contexts. Simulation studies, laboratory trials, and field application cases have been undertaken to assess the efficacy of cryogenic liquid fracturing technology. These investigations have provided important insights into the physical and mechanical impacts of thermal shock on rock and the performance of cryogenic liquid fracturing in real-world situations.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 05 2023
Journal Name
Pakistan Heart Journal
The Effect of Dynamic Lactic Training According to the Target Time to Develop the Achievement of 800m Runners Under 20 Years Old
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MA Mahde, HAA Kadhim, HN Tarish…, Pakistan Heart Journal, 2023 - Cited by 4

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Building and rationing test to measure the kinetic response to the movement of the player defender basketball junior time
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The researchers believe the problem of searching the scarcity or limited tests of time kinetic response led to scarcity or limited availability of experimental research in exercises codified within the training curriculum for the junior class, and therefore has been weakening this physical variable as an important episode in the development of the players physical capacities as well as the lack of measure for this variable within the defensive skills in general and the skill of the player movement defender in particular, and it represents the goal of research in the treatment of the above through the construction and rationing test to measure the kinetic response to the movement of the player defender basketball junior time. Chosen as the r

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 07 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Addiction to the Internet and its relation to the mental alertness of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science for Girls
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 05 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Influence of RF power, pressure and substrate temperature on optical properties of RF Sputtered vanadium pentoxide thin films
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The V2O5 films were deposited on glass substrates which produce using "radio frequency (RF)"power supply and Argon gas technique. The optical properties were investigated by, UV spectroscopy at "radio frequency" (RF) power ranging from 75 - 150 Watt and gas pressure, (0.03, 0.05 and 0.007 Torr), and substrate temperature (359, 373,473 and 573) K. The UV-Visible analysis shows that the average transmittance of all films in the range 40-65 %. When the thickness has been increased the transhumance was decreased from (65-40) %. The values of energy band gap were lowered from (3.02-2.9 eV) with the increase of thickness the films in relation to an increase in power, The energy gap decreased (2.8 - 2.7) eV with an increase in the pressure and

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 29 2012
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect of Solid Properties on Axial Liquid Dispersion in Bubble Column
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Experiments were conducted to study axial liquid dispersion coefficient in slurry bubble column of 0.15 m inside diameter and 1.6 m height using perforated plate gas distributor of 54 holes of a size equal to 1 mm diameter and with a 0.24 free area of holes to the cross sectional area of the column. The three phase system consists of air, water and PVC used as the solid phase. The effect of solid loading (0, 30 and 60 kg/m3) and solid diameter (0.7, 1.5 and 3 mm) on the axial liquid dispersion coefficient at different axial location (25, 50 and 75 cm) and superficial gas velocity covered homogeneous-heterogeneous flow regime (1-10 cm/s) were studied in the present work. The results show that the axial liquid dispersion coeffic

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
LOCAL NEWS SOURCES IN THE IRAQI NEWSPAPERS: Local news sources in the Iraqi newspapers (An analytical study of local news sources In the newspaper Al-Zaman for the period from 1/6/2006 to 06/30/2006)
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Local news is an important topic of the press because of its importance to readers. It touches their daily life in one way or another, which makes them interested in and followers of them. Hence the importance of local news, as it interests a wide segment of readers.
There are many sources of newspapers for obtaining local news, as these sources are distributed to the newspaper's own sources and external sources.

Self-sources are the newspaper's own sources, through which it is possible to obtain this news, such as the representatives of the newspaper and its correspondents and the journalists working in it. This is the example in this way.
The external sources are distributed to local and international news agencies and sa

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The nature of financial system Is it an necessity or A selection?
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   The Financial systems can be classified into two types. The first is the market–oriented, which is applied in United States and United Kingdom. While the second is bank-oriented as in Japan and Germany.

   This study tries to explain the reasons which make some countries adopt the first one instead of the second, and the contrary. So the study consists of three sections. The first deals with the concept of financial system and it are functions. The second displays the indicators which are used to classify the financial systems, while the third one is devoted to the factors that determine the type of financial system .These sections followed by some conclusions.

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 03 2023
Journal Name
Cogent Arts &humanities
An Ecostylistic Analysis of Selected Extracts from Michael Punke’s Novel The Revenant
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of The Iraqi University
History, Identity, and Marginalization: An Analysis of Andrea Levy's (The Long Song)
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Abstract The painful history of slavery has profoundly affected the identities and social interactions of Afro-Caribbean migrants, whose descendants continue to contend with prejudice and socio-economic marginalization. Andrea Levy's semi-autobiographical novel, The Long Song (2010), traces the turbulent history of Jamaica in the nineteenth century through the lens of Miss Kitty, a character based on Levy's great-great-great grandmother, who was born a slave on the plantation Amity in Saint Catherine's parish. The narrative blends the historical with the fictional and depicts various environmental contexts, inscribed meanings, and human exchanges, including the prominence of social situations perceived through race and class tensions ironic

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Prensa Medica Argentina
The effect of niclosamide in acetic-acid induce colitis: An experimental study
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