The OpenStreetMap (OSM) project aims to establish a free geospatial database for the entire world which is editable by international volunteers. The OSM database contains a wide range of different types of geographical data and characteristics, including highways, buildings, and land use regions. The varying scientific backgrounds of the volunteers can affect the quality of the spatial data that is produced and shared on the internet as an OSM dataset. This study aims to compare the completeness and attribute accuracy of the OSM road networks with the data supplied by a digitizing process for areas in the Baghdad and Thi-Qar governorates. The analyses are primarily based on calculating the portion of the commission (extra road) and omission (missing road) for OSM roads. The calculations also involved measuring the classifications and the attribute correctness associated with geometrical shapes. The results indicated that the completion rates were very high in the two study areas, and the percentages of labels or names were low in the two study areas. However, it was better on the main roads than in other road classes.
The Light and the Dark is the fourth novel in a series written by Charles Percy Snow where it tackles a phase of gifted scholar and remarkable individual Roy Calvert as he search for a source of power and meaning in life to relieve his inner turmoil. The character Roy Calvert is based on Snow's friend, Charles Allbery who exposes the message the character of Roy intends to convey in a certain phase of his life and the prophecy the novel carries amid catastrophe so widespread in the thirties of the twentieth century
This study measures the indicators of social and environmental performance of the contents of the administration's prepared reports on its social and environmental performance by comparing the actual performance with the indicators set within the standards of the Global Reports Initiative (GRI), In preparing this research, the researchers relied on studying the criteria of the Global Reporting Initiative, which aims to achieve a high level of performance disclosure under sustainability, In light of contemporary global trends towards achieving sustainable development and its disclosure and the orientations of economic institutions and units in different countries towards emphasizing the extent of commitment during practicing its a
... Show MoreThe development of Japanese society passed through long historical stages and as a result of the bitter experience of Japan in the Second World War and its exhaustion, it was able to build a modern modern state after 1945. Japan is a country of culture, civilization, science and technology, a country that appreciates the value of solidarity work. And the role of active civil society. This is what makes us in Iraq stand and draw their experience in the advancement and development, especially that they also passed bitter political stages, Iraq today passes through the most historical periods of forestry through its historical heritage in terms of the existence of complex social problems, the US occupation of Iraq in 2003 highlighte
... Show MoreMany writers and scientists hardly differentiate between the two instruments of use
(If) and (if) to convergence in the meaning, as they perform the meaning of the penalty and condition, as the answer relates to his condition, but when linguistic meditation we find a great difference in use in terms of meaning, so this research came to reveal these meanings and was extrapolated applied in Surat al-Maidah By counting the verses in which (if) and (if) the cops were given and looking at their contexts, the connotation of the cops in most places was within the context of probability, which is the origin of its use, given in twenty places of Surat al-Ma'idah, and it had multiple connotations according to the contexts of the verses received
Power-electronic converters are essential elements for the effective interconnection of renewable energy sources to the power grid, as well as to include energy storage units, vehicle charging stations, microgrids, etc. Converter models that provide an accurate representation of their wideband operation and interconnection with other active and passive grid components and systems are necessary for reliable steady state and transient analyses during normal or abnormal grid operating conditions. This paper introduces two Laplace domain-based approaches to model buck and boost DC-DC converters for electromagnetic transient studies. The first approach is an analytical one, where the converter is represented by a two-port admittance model via mo
... Show MoreThis work includes the synthesis of new ester compounds containing two 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, 15a-c and 16a-c. This was done over seven steps, starting with p-acetamido-phenol 1 and 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole 2. The structure of the products was determined using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of some prepared compounds was achieved against four types of bacteria (two types of gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and two types of gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. Coli), as well as against one types of fungus (C. albino). The results show moderate activit against the study bacteria, and the theoretical analysis of the toxi
... Show MoreThere are many diseases that affect the arteries, especially those related to their elasticity and stiffness, and they can be guessed by estimating and calculating the modulus of elasticity. Hence, the accurate calculation of the elastic modulus leads to an accurate assessment of these diseases, especially in their early stages, which can contribute to the treatment of these diseases early. Most of the calculations used the one-dimensional (1D) modulus of elasticity. From a mechanical point of view, the stresses to which the artery is subjected are not one-dimensional, but three-dimensional. Therefore, estimating at least a two-dimensional (2D) modulus of elasticity will necessarily be more accurate. To the knowledge of researchers, there i
... Show MoreHumanoids or bipedal robots are other kinds of robots that have legs. The balance of humanoids is the general problem in these types when the other in the support phase and the leg in the swing phase. In this work, the walking pattern generation is studied by MATLAB for two types of degrees of freedom, 10 and 17 degrees of freedom. Besides, the KHR-2HV simulation model is used to simulate the experimental results by Webots. Similarly, Arduino and LOBOT LSC microcontrollers are used to program the bipedal robot. After the several methods for programming the bipedal robot by Arduino microcontroller, LOBOT LSC-32 driver model is the better than PCA 96685 Driver-16 channel servo driver for programming the bipedal walking rob
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