Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in comparison to Endoactivator in elimination of smear layer in terms of radicular dentin permeability and ultra-structural changes of root canal walls by SEM evaluation. Twenty-eight single-rooted extracted lower premolars were instrumented up to size X4 (protaper Next, Dentsaply) and divided into two experimental groups according to the irrigation system, G1; activated by EndoActivator and G2; activated by Diode laser 940 nm, CW mode, 1.7 W. Afterward, the roots were made externally impermeable, filled with 2%methylene blue dye, divided horizontally into three segments representing the apical, middle, and coronal thirds then examined under stereo- micr

The research aims to identify the effect of the PQ5R strategy on the achievement of chemistry among fifth-grade science students in government secondary and preparatory schools. Al-Zumar Girls High School was chosen as its students as the research sample affiliated with the Diyala Education Directorate, Diyala Education Department, for the academic year (2023-2024). and Two divisions were chosen from among divisions. The fifth scientific grade was chosen randomly, one of them was the experimental group taught according to the PQ5R strategy, and the other was the control group taught according to the usual method. The equality of the two research groups was verified with a set of variables, which were (chronological age in months, previous a

Abstract The study aims to clarify the value of auditing economic units and how it can be measured, which is one of the most important challenges to matching the Value Relevance of Accounting Information. The problem of the study was identified with questions that revolve around the extent to which it is possible to measure the value of auditing in Iraqi economic units and the extent to which the value of auditing affects the adequacy of accounting information. Through reviewing the studies discussing this topic, it was found that auditing can provide value through the performance of the auditor and adding value to the economic unit subject to audit. The study recommended the need to study the situational factors of auditing, whether exter

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of credit risk indicators on the Arab Gulf countries' banks Profitability over the period of 2015 to 2017.  The banking credit risk was calculated using non-performing loans ratio affecting banks profitability indicators like net income and by using fixed effect and random effect model analyses, the study found that increasing in non-performing loans ratio will decrease the net income in gulf banks, the study also found that personal loans represent the largest share of loans granted in gulf banks. Also, the study recommends the importance of developing the capabilities of credit departments in commercial banks in dealing with bad loans, and studying the financial statem

This research deals with the effect of constructive conflict of the organizational identification .These relatively recent subjects have relative importance in the field of administration and they have strong effect in the success of organizations .The objective of this research is to detect the level of the constructive conflict and the organizational identification in the center of The Ministry of Planning. So, two major hypotheses were formulated The first are searched the correlation between the constructive conflict and the organizational identification and it emerged with four sub-hypotheses searched the correlation among every dimension of the constructive conflict with the organizational identification .The second major h

The current study aims to overcome the conflicts facing the company in its way of staying and continuing to maintain its performance excellent in light of the intense competition, which made it seek to find strong ways and links with its customers through electronic communication using electronic platforms, and this put confidence and safety in The place of suspicion and fear of not fulfilling credibility or violating the privacy, so this research comes to answer about the question:  “Can the company achieve an excellent performance by relying on the customer's electronic confidence?”.

The study followed the descriptive and analytical approaches by providing a virtual model and testing the zero hypotheses, which stipulat

The separation of fluid-fluid mixtures is a major issue in various sectors. The liquid-liquid hydro-cyclone has a wide range of applications in various sectors due to its great efficiency in separating fluid mixtures, ease of installation, and low cost. In crude oil production, high water is consumed following the degrading of production quality, high processing costs, costs, and environmental impacts. Axial hydro cyclone is a tool for Downhole Oil/Water Separation (DOWS) in the petroleum production industry, but it has limitations. The main purpose of this work is to simulate the effect of compacting the conventional inline hydro cyclone with a converging-diverging nozzle on the oil/water dynamic flow and the separation process to