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A Comparison Study of Brine Desalination using Direct Contact and Air Gap Membrane Distillation
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Membrane distillation (MD) is a hopeful desalination technique for brine (salty) water. In this research, Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) and  Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD) will be used. The sample used is from Shat Al –Arab water (TDS=2430 mg/l). A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat sheet membrane was used as a flat sheet form with a plate and frame cell. Several parameters were studied, such as; operation time, feed temperature, permeate temperature, feed flow rate. The results showed that with time, the flux decreases because of the accumulated fouling and scaling on the membrane surface. Feed temperature and feed flow rate had a positive effect on the permeate flux, while permeate temperature had a reverse effect on permeate flux. It is noticeable that the flux in DCMD is greater than AGMD, at the same conditions. The flux in DCMD is 10.95LMH, and that in AGMD is 7.14 LMH.  In AGMD, the air gap layer made a high resistance. Here the temperature transport reduces in the permeate side of AGMD due to the air gap resistance. The heat needed for AGMD is lower than DCMD, this leads to low permeate flux because the temperature difference between the two sides is very small, so the driving force (vapor pressure) is low. 

                                                                                             

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Reality analysis of the state of spatial distribution of green areas using geographic information systems (GIS) – The holy city of Najaf as a case study
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Abstract<p>Green areas are an essential component of city planning, as they serve as an outlet for them to spend their free time, in addition to the environmental role that these green areas play in improving the city’s climate by purifying the air and beautifying the city. The study’s problem is summarized in identifying the appropriateness of the current spatial distribution of green areas in the city of Najaf with the current population densities and the pattern in which green areas are distributed using GIS and knowing the per capita share of those green areas in the city, the research assumes that the inconsistency of spaces between regions Green and residential neighbourhoods need to c</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Canadian Journal Of Chemistry
Hydrogenation of pyridine and hydrogenolysis of piperidine over $γ$-Mo2N catalyst: a DFT study
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Increasing demands on producing environmentally friendly products are becoming a driving force for designing highly active catalysts. Thus, surfaces that efficiently catalyse the nitrogen reduction reactions are greatly sought in moderating air-pollutant emissions. This contribution aims to computationally investigate the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) networks of pyridine over the γ-Mo2N(111) surface using a density functional theory (DFT) approach. Various adsorption configurations have been considered for the molecularly adsorbed pyridine. Findings indicate that pyridine can be adsorbed via side-on and end-on modes in six geometries in which one adsorption site is revealed to have the lowest adsorption energy (–45.3 kcal/mol). Over a nitr

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 20 2023
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum
A COMPARATIVE-MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SKULLS IN TWO SPECIES OF CARNIVOROUS AND HERBIVOROUS MAMMALS
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The skull is one of the largest bones in the body. It is classified into flat bones that maintain the important organic structures; which are the brain, eyes, and tongue. The skull is a strong support for preserving these organs but they are various according to the type of animals and the environments in which they live and the nature of their nutrition. There are many differences among living organisms in terms of the bones in the skull, their difference or disappearance and their length in the shape of the head. The samples were taken from the scientific storage in the Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum; Cape hare Lepus capensis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Red fox Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) and the study was conducted o

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 12 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
A study of the structural and electrical properties of Ni1-x Cox Fe2O4 ferrites
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Ferrite with general formula Ni1-x Cox Fe2O4(where x=0.0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7, and 0.9), were prepared by standard ceramic technique. The main cubic spinel structure phase for all samples was confirmed by x-ray diffraction patterns. The lattice parameter results were (8.256-8.299 °A). Generally, x -ray density increased with the addition of Cobalt and showed value between (5.452-5.538gm/cm3). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) showed that the average grain size and surface roughness was decreasing with the increasing cobalt concentration. Scanning Electron Microscopy images show that grains had an irregular distribution and irregular shape. The A.C conductivity was found to increase with the frequency and the addition of Cobal

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 20 2023
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum
A COMPARATIVE-MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SKULLS IN TWO SPECIES OF CARNIVOROUS AND HERBIVOROUS MAMMALS
...Show More Authors

The skull is one of the largest bones in the body. It is classified into flat bones that maintain the important organic structures; which are the brain, eyes, and tongue. The skull is a strong support for preserving these organs but they are various according to the type of animals and the environments in which they live and the nature of their nutrition. There are many differences among living organisms in terms of the bones in the skull, their difference or disappearance and their length in the shape of the head. The samples were taken from the scientific storage in the Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum; Cape hare Lepus capensis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Red fox Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) and the study was conducted o

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 03 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Kufa For Chemical Science
A study of Adsorption of Acetone and 2- Butanone on Iraqi Siliceouns Rocks Powder
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Adsorption of Acetone and 2-Butanone on Iraqi siliceouns rocks powder have been investigated. UV technique has been used to determine the adsorption isotherms. The results showed that the adsorption isotherms obeyed Freundlich adsorption equation. The results showed that the adsorption increases with increasing acidity of solutions. The adsorption was exothermic process, increasing temperature leads to decreasing adsorption. H,  S, G were calculated

Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Environmental Research
A Comparative Study for the Identification of Superior Biomass Facilitating Biosorption of Copper and Lead Ions: A Single Alga or a Mixture of Algae
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Publication Date
Fri May 22 2026
Journal Name
Sciences Journal Of Physical Education
Comparison of maximum strength and peak electrical activity (EMG) of the muscles of the two legs among bodybuilding players and Weightlifting
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 20 2020
Journal Name
International Medical Journal
Cleaning efficacy and instrumentation time using rotary file system in primary molars (comparative study)
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ABSTRACT— In primary teeth, root canal treatment is a time consuming and challenging procedure, particularly during the most important step in endodontic treatment which is the preparation of the canal. Pulpectomy is the treatment of choice in all the necrotic primary teeth. For better treatment protocol, advancing technology brought the rotary system to reduce the manual dexterity and improve the quality of treatment for pulpectomy. This study aimed to compare and assess the efficacy of cleaning and the time required for the instrumentation during the preparation of root canals of the primary molars using the rotary and the manual (conventional) systems. Thirty root canals of primary teeth were selected. These teeth submitted to a

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Study electron transport coefficients for Ar, O2 and their mixtures by using EEDF program
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