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Manifestation and response of Laryngopharygeal reflux to treatment in Kurdistan -IRAQ
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BACKGROUND: In 1972 complete description of the
inflammation of posterior third of the vocal cords was
done, with barium swallow confirming Gastro
Esophageal Disease [CRED] & subsequent successful
symptomatic treatment with antacid. The possible
association between GERD & chronic laryngitis was
initially known as acid laryngitis .2
*from the Department of ENT, Hawlear Medical College, Hawlear university. Department of ENT, Rezgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil.
Correspondence to :
Dr.Said Mustafa Said
Corespondence Address to : Dr.Said Mustafa Said _ E- mail: Email [email protected] Mob. 07504563829
Recived at : 15 th Dec 2009 Accepted at : 3ed Nov 2010

OBJECTIVE: To record the common presentation
symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux LPR in
Kurdistan- Iraq. To study the significance of fibro optic
laryngoscope in diagnosis and improvement of
laryngopharyngeal reflux [LPR] and to evaluate the
effect of medical therapy on these nonspecific
symptoms and Laryngoscopic finding.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted over
a two year period at Rizgary teaching hospital,
Kurdistan/lraq; on 132 patients who presented
primarily with Laryngopharyngeal symptoms .They
were evaluated using special questionnaire for
recording these symptoms: persistent chronic cough,
globus sensation, throat clearing, voice change,
regurgitation, heartburn, symptoms of peptic ulcer
disease, and any other non specific respiratory
symptom. These symptom and Laryngoscopic findings
pre and post anti-reflux therapy were recorded.
Esophagogastro - duodenoscopy findings were also
recorded but only on presentation.
RESULTS: A total of 132 patients were evaluated over
a two year period .Respiratory symptoms at
presentation were persistent irritative cough [92%],
itchy throat [85%], globus pharynges [83%], and
cricopharngeal spasm [57%]. Endoscope findings
revealed gastroduodenitis in 5%, non specific gastritis
in 9%, duodenal ulcer in 2%, and normal findings in
62.7%, while Laryngoscopic finding were mainly
posterior commissure injection 82%, vocal cord edema
74%, laryngeal erythema 77% and subglottic edema
24%. Patients were treated medically with antacids, H2
antagonists, proton pump inhibitors and were followed
up and reexamined by laryngoscope; all data about
improvement in symptom and in the laryngeal sign by
Laryngoscopic findings were collected following antireflux therapy and showed significant improvement in
both ,all were analyzed in special figures and tables.
CONCLUSION: Reflux laryngitis and LPR should be
a differential diagnosis in patient with pharyngeal and
laryngeal symptoms not associated with upper
respiratory disease in the presence or absence of GERD
or peptic ulcer symptom, dyspepsia, regurgitation. The
management should be multidisciplinary.
Laryngoscopic finding were of value in the diagnosis of
the changes in laryngeal mucosa pre and post medical
treatment by Proton Pump Inhibitors empirical therapy

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 20 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Importance of obligation to the rules of professional conduct and its impact on tax revenues: An applied research in a sample of companies registered at the Department of the Public Authority for corporate taxes
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The researcher  tried to show the importance of obligation with the rules of professional conduct set by the Association of Accountants and Auditors of Iraqis when expressing an opinion the financial statements submitted tax administration and enhance the confidence of these lists, and adopted in the tax settling accounts process and its impact on tax revenues, and touched a researcher at the theoretical side of the search to the problem of research and of my Is there a trace of non- not to obligation by the rules of professional conduct in Iraq affect the tax revenue with the rules of professional conduct in tax revenue for companies research sample, the research aims to study the rules of professional conduct set by the Associatio

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Sun Jan 01 2023
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Fri Mar 31 2023
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