Background: The immunogenetic predisposition
may be considered as an important factor for the
development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)
in association with the HLA antigens.
Objective:This study was designed to investigate
the role of HLA-class II antigens in the etiology of
type T1DM and in prediction of this disease in
siblings, and its effect on expression of glutamic
acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA).
methods:Sixty children who were newly diagnosed
type 1 diabetes (diagnosed less than five months)
were selected. Their age ranged from 3-17 years.
Another 50 healthy siblings were available for this
study, their ages range from 3-16 years. Eighty
apparently healthy control subjects, matched with
age (4-17) years, sex and ethnic backgrounds
(Iraqi Arabs) underwent the HLA-typing
examination. Finally 50 healthy individuals were
selected randomly to undergo GADA test.
Results:At HLA-class II region, DR3 and DR4
were significantly increased in patients (53.33
vs.26.25% and 50.0 vs. 12.5% respectively) as
compared to controls. In
addition to that, T1DM was significantly associated
with DQ2 (33.33 vs.15%) and DQ3 (40.0 vs.20%)
antigens as compared to controls, suggesting that
these antigens had a role in disease susceptibility,
while the frequency of DR2 and DQ1 antigens were
significantly lowered in patients compared to
controls (6.66 vs.25% and 6.66 vs.22.5%
respectively). These molecules might have
protective effect. In siblings a significant increase
frequency of DR4 antigen (34.0 vs.12.5%) was
observed in comparison to controls, suggesting that
it might be much useful for predicting T1DM in
affected families.Anti-GAD autoantibodies were
present in 50% of Type 1Diabetic children, and in
16% of their siblings. High proportion of GADA
was found in the patients carrying HLA-DR3/DR4
heterozygous.
conclusion:Both the T1DM patients and their
siblings shared the HLA- DQ1 as protective
antigens, while DR3 and DR4 were susceptible one,
and high proportion of GADA was found in the
T1DM patients and siblings carrying HLADR3/DR4 heterozygous
In this study, a platinum(II) complex ([Pt(H2L)(PPh3)] complex) containing a thiocarbohydrazone as the ligand was tested as an anti-proliferative agent against ovarian adenocarcinoma (Caov-3) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) through MTT assays. Apoptotic markers were tested by the AO/PI double staining assay and DNA fragmentation test. Flow cytometry was conducted to measure cell cycle distribution, while the p53 and caspase-8 pathways were tested via immunofluorescence assay. Results demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of the Pt(II)- thiocarbohydrazone complexes against Caov-3 and HT-29 cells was highly significant, and this effect triggered the activation of the p53 and caspase-8 pathways. Besides, apoptosis stimulated by th
... Show MoreThis research deals with the motives of the use of Facebook by elderly people and the achieved needs, which leads the researcher to ask an important question: why an old persons use Facebook and are the achieved needs through which they got? The research aims to find out the habits and patterns of using Facebook by old men and stands on the main motives of the elderly in their use of Facebook. It also identifies the most prominent needs that have been made for the elderly as a result of their use of Facebook.
The research is a descriptive one in which the researcher uses survey method to achieve the desired goals. The researcher has chosen a group of old men from Diyala province. The total sample number is about
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This research delves into the role of satirical television programs in shaping the image of Iraqi politicians. The research problem is summarized in the main question: How does satire featured in television programs influence the portrayal of Iraqi politicians? This research adopts a descriptive approach and employs a survey methodology. The primary data collection tool is a questionnaire, complemented by observation and measurement techniques. The study draws upon the framework of cultural cultivation theory as a guiding theoretical foundation. A total of 430 questionnaires were disseminated among respondents who regularly watch satirical programs, selected through a multi-stage random sampling procedure.
Th
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In this article we analysis the data of Iraqi children aged 0-9 months covered in Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS6-2018) to evaluate the nutritional status . Weight for-age z-score (WAZ), height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and BMI-for-age z-score were compared with the z-scores WHO standards. The overall prevalence of underweight and stunting of the children were 4 % and 11% respectively. Prevalence of overweight based on BMI-for-age for the sexes combined was 21%. Comparing the results obtained from MICS-6 with the results obtained from MICS-4, we find that there is an improvement in the nutritional status of Iraqi children concerning weight, but as for height, we find that there is an increase in the percentage of children who suffer fr
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Objective(s): To assess the behavior that impedes the eating of children with autism spectrum disorders in Baghdad city, and find out the relationships between the behaviors that impede eating of autistic children and their demographic characteristics.
Methodology: The study started from the period of 16th September 2019 to the 16th of March 2020. A non-probability (purposive) sample of 80 children with autism spectrum disorders was selected. The questionnaire was designed and composed of two parts: the first part includes the autistic children demographic data, the second part includes scales of behavior that impede eating followed by parents towards autistic child. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through a pilot
content Analysis for Some Type of Pillows used in Iraqi houses
40 blood sample were taken from children infected with kala-azar at age less than ten years, who were admitted to El-Eskan child hospital, and central health laboratory in Baghdad. At the same time 15 sample collected from healthy child for comparing. During research estimated immunoglobulins level ( IgG, IgM, IgA) and (IFAT) IFAT test recorded a higher indicate antibodies level witch was synergistic with infected severity, the stander level of antibodies arrange between 1/16, 1/32 and 1/64 that means it graduate from the lowest one 1/16 into the highest one 1/64 within groups. During infectious the IgG ,IgM level recorded the higher level (2012.9 mg/dl) and (154.3 mg/dl) compared to the control group (874.3 mg/dl),
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Bladder dysfunction is one of the most common complications of diabetes, even exceeding nephropathy or peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic cystopathyaffects patients in both sexes, and its prevalence increases over time with diabetes; our concern is to evaluate the urodynamic findings of bladder dysfunction in diabetic patients.A cross sectional study conducted at Ghazi Al-Hariri Surgical specialized hospital during the period from the firsts of January 2018 to the end of Mar 2019, in which 118 diabetic patients (71 female and 47 male) with lower urinary tract symptoms were enrolled in the current study. The mean age (62±13) years old, 37.3% of patients presented with urgency as the main type of dysfunction. Diabetic cystopathy were fo
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The study aimed to identify how to raise grateful children from an Islamic educational perspective. For that objective to be achieved, the researcher used both of deductive and descriptive approaches using the method of documentary research. The study's results show that children are the real wealth of the community and the foundation of cultural building; therefore, paying attention their raising is a responsibility that must be shared by everyone; gratitude is part parcel of the Islamic doctrine, which is one of the greatest virtues; the virtue of gratitude is the attitude of the believers which in turn strengthens the bonds and expands the network of positive social relationships; It is also considered a cultural significance
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