Background: Intramedullary astrocytomas
account for about 1% of all CNS tumors and
6–8% of spinal cord tumors. The vast majority
of intramedullary astrocytomas are slowgrowing
lesions.
Objectives: The goal in this study was to
review a series of patients who underwent
surgical removal of intramedullary high-grade
astrocytomas, focusing on the functional
outcome and the effect of multimodality
treatment on the survival of patients with high
grade intramedullary astrocytoma.
Methods: Between June 1999 and June 2004,
22 patients underwent removal of
intramedullary high-grade astrocytomas in four
neurosurgical hospital in Baghdad/ Iraq
(Neurosurgical hospital, Al Shaheed Adnan
Hospital for Surgical Speeialticsa, Nursing
Home Hospital Lesions were located in the
cervical segment of the spinal cord in 12
patients, and patients.
Results: Histological examinations showed
10 Grade III astrocytomas and 12
glioblastomas. Only 2 of the 22 high-grade
astrocytomas could be completely removed. The
clinical postoperative status worsened in
14 patients (63.6%), was unchanged in seven
patients (31.8%), and there was one case of
intraoperative death (4.5%). None of the 22
patients showed improvement in their
neurological status postoperatively. In this series,
excluding the one intra-operative death, all
patients died of the progression of the
malignancy.
Conclusions: Surgical treatment did not
ameliorate the postoperative neurological status;
instead, in the majority of cases, it prompted a
worsening of the deficit. Radiotherapy and
chemotherapy have a little influence on the
length of survival. In this series, multimodality
treatment of intramedullary high-grade
astrocytomas has been shown to increase length
of survival without improving the neurological
status.
The new azo dye was synthesized via the reaction of the diazonium salt form of 3-aminophenol with 2-hydroxyquinoline. This dye was then used to access a series of complexes with the chlorides of manganese, iron, zinc, cadmium, and vanadium sulfate. The prepared ligand and its complexes were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter, and microelemental analysis. Conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, metal content, and chlorine content of the complexes were also measured. The ligand and cadmium complex were identified using1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the shape of the ligand is a trigonal planner, and the c
... Show MoreA simple, economic, rapid, reliable, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCM) and caffeine (CF) in solid dosage form. The chromatographic separations were achieved with a Waters Symmetry® C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm), using a mixture of methanol and water (40:60, v/v) as a mobile phase, under isocratic elution mode with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, and ultraviolet (UV) detection was set at 264 nm. The oven temperature for the column was set and maintained at 35 °C. The method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and it demonstrated excellent linearity, wi
... Show MoreThe current study aims to examine the level of cognitive management requirement among the governmental secondary schools' managers in al-hial province in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To do this, the author designed a questionnaire comprised (20) item which was applied on (250) managers included (113) manager hold bachelor degree and (137) manager hold master degree. To carry out this study, the researcher utilized the descriptive approach. The findings revealed that a high level of cognitive management requirements among secondary schools' managers as well as there is a significant difference at the (0.05) level regarding degree type, but there is no a significant difference according to gender variable.
RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is the sequencing and analysis of transcriptomes. The main purpose of RNA-Seq analysis is to find out the presence and quantity of RNA in an experimental sample under a specific condition. Essentially, RNA raw sequence data was massive. It can be as big as hundreds of Gigabytes (GB). This massive data always makes the processing time become longer and take several days. A multicore processor can speed up a program by separating the tasks and running the tasks’ errands concurrently. Hence, a multicore processor will be a suitable choice to overcome this problem. Therefore, this study aims to use an Intel multicore processor to improve the RNA-Seq speed and analyze RNA-Seq analysis's performance with a multiproce
... Show MoreThe present study aims to develop and apply the unrealistic optimism scale among high school students. The researcher has designed a scale of (38) paragraphs to measure the unrealistic optimism. A sample of (200) male and female students were chosen randomly to collect the needed data. The study found that the unrealistic scale of optimism has good psychometric characteristics. The research sample has a high level of التفاؤل غير الواقعي لدى عينة البحث unrealistic optimism. There is a statistically significant difference between male and female in the unrealistic optimism in favor of the male students. Finally, there is a statistically significant difference between students in the fourth and sixth gra
... Show MoreTranslation is a dynamic and living process that cannot be considered equal to the original text and requires the appropriate structure, language, thought and culture of the target language, and the translator's intellectual, linguistic and cultural influences inadvertently penetrate into the translated text. It causes heterogeneity of the destination text with the source text.
Admiral's theory is trying to help by providing components and suggested approaches to resolve these inconsistencies. In the meantime, in addition to the mission of putting words together, the translator must sometimes sit in the position of the reader and judge and evaluate the translated text in order to understand its shortcomings and try to correct it a
... Show MoreA literary-educational work is a work that explains wisdom to the reader and presents moral, educational and instructional issues in a literary form. Qaboos-nameh or Nasihat al-Muluk is an educational and educational book that has a special place in the field of ethics and guidance, where the author guides his children. Also, Ibn al-Wardi's Lamiyah or Nasihat al-Akhwan is a poem containing moral advice and advice in 77 verses that Ibn al-Wardi wrote to his son.
It seems that the main goal of Ibn al-Wardi and Onsur AL-maali in Lamia and Qaboos-nameh was to express educational and moral issues and spread and convey them to future generations. Ibn al-Wardi, like Onsur AL-maali, listed moral points such as knowledge, humility
... Show MoreThe auditor has a role in allocating joint costs in the gas industry, and the auditor's procedures are considered as systematic critical examination, analysis and evaluation of everything related to costs in general and joint costs in the gas industry in particular, with the aim of controlling the joint costs of gas industry products, and knowing the share of the cost of each product from the total industry costs Gas products reflect the reality of the company's performance by discovering weaknesses, defects and any errors, to ensure increased effectiveness and efficiency of the parties concerned with auditing them and imposing control and control over the company's resources, as well as
... Show MoreThis work involves synthesis of some new heterocyclic compounds including 1, 3-diazetine. The new Schiff bases [VI] ad derived from 3-((5-hydrazinyl-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl)-1H-indole [V] which was synthesized by refluxing 5-((1H-indol-3-yl) methyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol [IV] with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol and this amino compound [V] condensation with different aromatic aldehydes in absolute ethanol to yielded a new Schiff bases [VI] ad. N-acyl compounds [VII] ad were synthesized by addition reaction of acetyl chloride to imine group of Schiff bases in dry benzene. The new diazetine derivatives [VIII] ad synthesized by the reaction of N-acyl compounds [VII] ad with sodium azide in dimethylformamid
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