Background :Evening preparation for colonoscopy is often unsatisfactory and inconvenient. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of bowel preparation at two different timings: night before and morning of endoscopy and to compare the cecal intubation rate and disturbance of sleep hours between these two groups.
Methods: In this prospective randomized endoscopist- blinded trial, 150 patients were enrolled between March 2010 and August 2011. Patients aged between 18 to 80 years needing colonoscopy were included. Patients with prior bowel surgery, suspected bowel obstruction or those who didn't completely fulfill the preparation instructions were excluded. Patients received polyethyelen glycol electrolyte preparation in a morning and evening regimen. Bowel cleansing was scored using the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Quality Scale. Loss of sleep and cecal intubation rate was evaluated.
Results: Seventy five patients received morning regimen and 75 patients received evening regimen.
There was significant difference in total scores of bowel preparation for the two groups favoring the morning group (ρ < 0.0001) . Bowel cleansing for right and mid colon were significantly better in the morning group (ρ < 0.001), while the difference for the left colon was not significant. The cecal intubation rate was comparable for both groups ( ρ NS).Sleep was disturbed in 15 patients in morning group and in 42 patients in evening group (ρ = 0.003).
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggests that morning preparation provide better quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy than evening preparation. Right and mid sided colonic preparation is superior in the patients who take the morning preparation than left sided preparation. Evening preparation is associated with a significant sleep disturbance. This would translate to considerable financial losses and patient discomfort.
The phenyl hydrazine was react readily with acetic acid chloride in [1:2] ratio in alkyl of ethanolic solution, and refluxe for five hours to produce a new ligand of (N-Carboxymethyl-N-phenyl-hydrazino)-acetic acid [H2L].
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FH Ghanim, Journal of Global Pharma Technology, 2018
This paper describes the development of a simple spectrophotometric determination of bismuth III with 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) in aqueous solution in the presence of cetypyridinium chloride surfactant at pH 5 which exhibits maximum absorption at 532 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the range 5-200 µg/25 mL. i.e. 0.2-8 ppm with a molar absorptivity of 3×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandell's sensitivity index of 0.0069 µg.cm-2. The method has been applied successfully in the determination of Bi (III) in waters and veterinary preparation.
2- amino -5- thiol-1,3,4- thiadiazole (S1) was prepared by cyclic locking of thiosemicarbazide in the presence of anhydrous sodium carbonate and CS2. diazotization of (S1) compound gave diazonium salt (S2) that reacts with different activated aromatic compounds to get the following azo compounds ,2 [(4- aminophenyl) diazenyl ] 1,3,4- thiazdiazole-5- thiol (S3) ,2-[4-amino- 1-naphthyl diazenyl] -1,3,4 – thiazdiazole-5-thiol (S4) , 3-amino-4-[(5- mercapto -1,3,4- thiadiazole -2-yl) diazenyl ] phenol(S5) ,1-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl) diazenyl] -2-naphthol (S6) , 5-{[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl] diazenyl}-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2- thiol(S7) ,5-{[4-(diethylamino) phenyl] diazenyl}-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- thiol(S8) ,2- amino-5-[(5-mercapto-1,3
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In this study, synthesised new ligand: potassium 2,2'-(quinoxaline-2,3- diyl)bis(1-phenylhydrazinecarbodithioate) (L). The ligand synthesised by reacting N1,N2-dip-tolyloxalamide as the starting material with CS2 and KOH to add the CS2 group and then with phenylendiammine to achieve (L). The ligand used in the synthesis of complexes with (CoII, NiII and CdII). The new ligand and its complexes characterised by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H, 13C-NMR, Mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis, in addition to the above techniques were using magnetic moment, atomic absorption, chloride content, and melting point to describe the metal complexes.
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In this research, 5- membered heterocyclic compounds as oxazolidine-5-one J1-J5 derivatives were prepared using primary aromatic amine, aromatic carbonyl compounds and chloroacetic acid. By combining primary aromatic amines and aromatic carbonyl compounds, Schiff's bases were synthesized. Schiff bases are used with the chloroacetic acid compound to prepare oxazolidine-5-one J1-J5 derivatives. The compounds J1-J5 were described using NMR spectroscopy and FT-IR. .The biological efficacy was evaluated according to maximum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) toward Staphyloccoccus aureus and Esherichia coli. The best MIC was 210 μg ml-1 for J4 against the two pathogenic bacteria, while J1, J4, and J1 did not show any inhibitory effect against all
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The cost-effective removal of heavy metal ions represents a significant challenge in environmental science. In this study, we developed a straightforward and efficient reusable adsorbent by amalgamating chitosan and vermiculite (forming the CSVT composite), and comprehensively investigated its selective adsorption mechanism. Different techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET) analysis were employed for this purpose. The prepared CSVT composite exhibited a larger surface area and higher mesoporosity increasing from 1.9 to 17.24 m2/g compared to pristine chitosan. The adsorption capabilities of the
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