Background: Direct measurement of intracellular magnesium using erythrocytes has been suggested as a sensitive indicator for the estimation of body magnesium store. Marked depletion in plasma and erythrocyte magnesium levels was particularly evident in diabetic patients with advanced retinopathy and poor diabetic control. While insulin has been shown to stimulate erythrocyte magnesium uptake, hyperglycemia per se suppressed intracellular magnesium in normal human red cells.
Aim of the study: To investigate the erythrocyte magnesium level in Iraqi type I and II diabetic patients, with specific emphasis on the effect of both, metabolic control and the type of antidiabetic treatments.
Methods: Sixty two diabetic patients (7 with type I and 55 with type II diabetes mellitus) recruited from the outpatient diabetes clinic at the Specialized Center For Endocrine Diseases-Baghdad, during the period from 1st October 2005 to 28th February 2006. Eighteen non-diabetic normomagnesemic healthy controls matched for age and sex were participated in this study. Of the diabetics, 22 were using insulin (7 with type I and 15 with type II diabetes mellitus), 40 were taking oral antidiabetic agents (All with type II diabetes mellitus) and none were using both. Serum and erythrocyte magnesium concentration were measured for both groups, and Glycated hemoglobin levels were estimated only for diabetics.
Results : Mean serum and erythrocyte magnesium levels were significantly (p<0.001) lower in the diabetic group as compared to controls. Serum level of magnesium was not a significant predictor of erythrocyte magnesium concentration. No significant correlation was observed between HbA1c and erythrocyte magnesium. Significantly (p<0.001) lower serum magnesium levels were consistently evident through the entire diabetic subgroups as compared to controls. Erythrocyte magnesium contents were significantly (p<0.001) reduced in patients with type I , type II and type II receiving oral antidiabetic agents, but not in patients with type II receiving insulin (p= 0.120 ), as compared to controls. Significant difference in erythrocyte magnesium levels was observed between patients with type II receiving oral antidiabetic agents and those receiving insulin (p<0.001). The frequency of magnesium deficiency in diabetic patients, as judged by a lower serum magnesium reference limit was constantly 100% in all subgroups. While, judgments based upon a lower erythrocyte magnesium reference limit, discloses variable frequencies in diabetic subgroups.
conclusion: The near normal erythrocyte magnesium levels in type II insulin-receiving patients, could be credited to the stimulatory action of exogenous insulin on cellular magnesium uptake and may indicate a possible role of insulin treatment as a potential implications on health policy, by ameliorating cellular magnesium depletion in the continuously expanding diabetic population.
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The study was conducted in the Tigris River in Baghdad during May 2021 until March 2022 to follow the impact of climate change, rising temperatures, and the presence of pollutants on the dynamics of phytoplankton and some physicochemical variables from four sites. The results showed that the climatic conditions during different seasons, in addition to the nature of the sampling sites, have a clear and significant impact on the studied traits and, in turn, affect the phytoplankton community. The highest average temperature (30.67 ˚C) was recorded; the pH values ranged between 8.70 & 6.75; the electrical conductivity (1208.18-770.11 µS/cm ) and the total dissolved solids (TDS) (778.95- 439.49 mg/L) were evaluated. Upon measuring
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Background: Acute radiodermatitis is a common side effect during and after radiotherapy course in breast cancer patients treated by radiotherapy. This study assess the frequency of acute radiodermatitis and record the predictive factors for acute radiodermatitis. Patients and Methods: A descriptive case series study conducted at Baghdad, Iraq from August 2020 to September 2021. 70 female scheduled for radiotherapy sessions enrolled in this study. sociodemographic data were recorded and Skin examination before radiotherapy and weekly till the end of the radiotherapy sessions was done to report the frequency, risk factors, clinical picture and grades of acute radiodermatitis based on The National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Crite
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Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a leading cause of hospital admission and many factors are known to precipitate decompensation. We aimed to assess the decompensating factors of heart failure and the management of patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). A total of 107 patients were examined, all diagnosed with ADHF in the ED of the Baghdad Teaching Hospital, from June 2017 to December 2017, and presenting with decom¬pensation (pulmonary oedema, peripheral oedema, and fatigue). The mean patient age was 62.5 ± 9.8 years (range: 43–85 years); the majority of them were in their 7th decade (37.4%), and men were slightly more than women. Hy¬pertension was the most commonly associated comorbidity (68.2%), follow
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Recording two species of larval cestodes Callitetrarhynchus gracilis and Callitetrarhynchus sp. (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) parasitic in body cavity of two carangid fishes (Carangoides malabaricus and Megalaspis cordyla) from north west Arab Gulf, Iraq, is described. The species Callitetrarhynchus sp. was recorded for the first time in Iraq in carangid fishes. Also, two fish species (C. malabaricus and M. cordyla) are considered as new hosts for C. gracilis and Callitetrarhynchus sp. in the Arab Gulf. The cestodes were sent to Prof. Dr. Harry W. Palm, Department of Fisheries Biology, Institute Zoo Morphology, Germany for confirmation of the identification.
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The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of the crude extracts mixture of three plants (Tribulus terrestris, Phoenix dactylifera and Nasturtium officinale) on semen quality,sex hormones and reproductive performance of mature male mice. A group of 25 male mice given 150mg/kg/day of the powder of the plants mixture with the food for four weeks and another three groups of 25 animals each given intraperitoneal injection from each of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts with a doses 75, 150, and 300mg/kg/day for two weeks. A remarkable increase in sperm concentration and motility with a decreased abnormal morphology was obtained in the experimental groups. A significant increase in hormones level were recognized in most grou
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