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The Combination Effect of Lidocaine, Ketamine and Atracurium in Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
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Background: intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA) is an effective method of producing anaesthesia of the extremities. Disadvantages are the rapid loss of anaesthesia after the deflation of the tourniquet and the rapid development of postoperative pain. It is important to search for agents with longer durations of action, better nerve fibre selectivity, lesser degrees of motor blockade and lower incidences of systemic toxicity.Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate and compare the clinical effects of intravenous regional anaesthesia, with lidocaine alone, or in a combination with ketamine and atracurium for better analgesia, and to examine the possible clinical advantages of using muscle relaxants (i.e., atracurium) with intravenous regional anaesthesia.Methods: In prospective, randomized study, sixty patient ASA physical status I, aged 20-50years underwent surgeries on distal regions of upper limbs, patient assigned randomly into 3 groups each of 20 patients, group I received 30ml of 0.5% lidocaine (150mg), group II received 30ml of mixing 0.5% of lidocaine (100mg) plus 30mg ketamine, while group III received 30ml of mixing 0.5% lidocaine (100mg) plus 30mg ketamine plus 2mg atracurium. All the results were tabulated and analyzed statistically with student's unpaired t-test and chi-square test. Results: Addition of 30mg of ketamine to 0.5% lidocaine resulted in rapid onset of sensory block, motor block, and lower visual analogue scale scores for pain compared with the group that received lidocaine only. The addition of atracurium to the combination of lidocaine and ketamine resulted in improved operating conditions and rapid onset of both sensory and motor blocks with less pain during surgery.Conclusions: drug combination of ketamine, atracurium and low dose of lidocaine lead to rapid onset of sensory block, motor block, lower VAS score for pain, and decrease adverse effect of Bier’s block accompany lidocaine alone, decrease drowsiness which accompany ketamine use alone in IVRA

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Publication Date
Fri May 15 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of the effect of Autolougues Platelet Rich Fibrin Matrix on osseointegration of the titanium implant immunohistochemical evaluation for PDGF-I&IGF-A
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Background: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a simple, low cost and minimally invasive way to obtain a natural concentration of autologous growth factors and is currently being widely experimented in different fields of medicine for its ability to aid the regeneration of tissue with a low healing potential. Fields of application are sports medicine, orthopedics, dentistry, dermatology, ophthalmology, plastic and maxillofacial surgery, etc. The rationale for using platelets in so many fields for the treatment of different tissues is because PLTs constitute a reservoir of critical GFs and cytokines, which may govern and regulate the tissue healing process that is quite similar in all kinds of tissues. Materials and Methods: Screw titanium implan

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2016
Journal Name
Archives Of Toxicology
Effect of natural uranium on the UMR-106 osteoblastic cell line: impairment of the autophagic process as an underlying mechanism of uranium toxicity
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STUDY OF THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF BACTERIOCIN PRODUCED FROM Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris With Antibiotics Against Multi Resistance Diarrheal Bacteria: STUDY OF THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF BACTERIOCIN PRODUCED FROM Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris With Antibiotics Against Multi Resistance Diarrheal Bacteria
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The study included the collection of samples of raw cow milk to isolate Leuconostoc bacteria, samples were sub cultured on De-Man Rogosa Sharpe-Vancomycin medium, the pure colonies were selected and subjected to the cultural and microscopically tests, according to that 25 cocci bacterial isolates were obtained, then isolates were subjected to biochemical tests. Result of tests showed that 12 isolates belong to the genus Leuconostoc out of 25 cocci bacterial isolates, Vitek2 system was used as a supplementary step. Results of final identification showed that 3 sub species were obtained included Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. cremoris 9 out of 12 isolates, while it was 2 isolates of Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides and one isol

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Continuous Improvement Strategy (Kaizen) in organizational innovation: An analytical research in the General Company of Electrical and Electronic Industries /The Ministry of Industry and Minerals
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This paper aims at the fact that most organizations today suffer from a waste of time, effort, and cost, and they have difficulty in achieving the best performance situations and compete strongly. The researcher distributed 108 questionnaires as a statistical analyzable sample society where the sample intentionally consists of general managers, department head, and division head. The questionnaire was formulated according to the Likert scale. The use of personal interviews and observations are additional tools for data collection and a number of statistical methods is used for data analysis such as simple regression and correlation coefficient (Pearson). One of the most prominent conclusions is that the company has adequate and c

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of cognitive processes in the areas of organizational changeApplied Study in the Directorate General of Training and Development / Ministry of Electricity
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Centric study on the interest of the Directorate General of Training and Development / Ministry of Electricity to consolidate the concept of process and enhancement of knowledge in the areas of organizational change، it reached a sample of the study (44) people who are highly heads of departments، technicians and administrators in different sections of the Directorate and by using the correlation coefficient (Spearman) & coefficient of simple regression been tested correlations between variables and the impact of the study، as has been reached to integrate the role of cognitive processes with the areas of organizational change and relationships that were significant at the level of overall dimensions and subsidiary organs.

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The impact of the proposed strategy in accordance with the objectives of science in achievement and some science operations at the second-grade middle students in chemistry
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It aim current researchs֬ to identify the impact of a proposed strategy in accordance with the objectives of science in the achievement and some science processes, where the experimental method was adopted, and define the research community was students second grade averag in Education Bagdad / Rusafa third, research sample intentionally chosen as school Radwan, and (30) students experimental group and (29) of control group, research tools were achievement test and the test of science operations and use the appropriate statistical tools to process information and data, showing results, the experimental group surpassed the control group in the collection and operations science, and light it, the researcher recommended several recommendat

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 03 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the effect of stable magnetic field on the inhibition activity of Saccharomyces boulardii against pathogenic bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection
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An increasing trend to use probiotic and study their effects on the pathogens has been conductor where they are defined as live micro-organisms that give a health benefit to the host when ingested in sufficient quantities, including the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii In addition research show that a magnetic field (MF) has a biological effect. This study aims to investigate the effects of magnetic field on the inhibitory action of Saccharomyces boulardii against bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection, Study the sensitivity of bacterial isolates to antibiotics after diagnosis by microscopic, Cultural and biochemical examinations as well as Api20 E examinations were used gram negative bacteria , Most isolates were resistant to an

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2024
Journal Name
وقائع المؤتمر العلمي الدولي السابع للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية
The Effect of Cartoons on The Acquisition of English by Iraqi Children اثر الرسوم المتحركة في اكتساب اللغة الانجليزية لدى الاطفال العراقييين
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 13 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of The CO2 Laser as Surface Treatment on The Bond Strength of Heat Cured Soft Liner to The High Impact Acrylic Denture Base Material
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ABSRTACT Background: Soft liner material is become important in dental prosthetic treatment. They are applied to the surface of the dentures to achieve more equal force distribution , reduce localized pressure and improve denture retention by engaging undercut . So the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment by air-abrasion AL2O3 and laser treatment with CO2 laser on improving the shear bond strength of the denture liner to acrylic denture base material . Materials and methods: the 30 specimens of heat cured acrylic denture base material (high Impact acrylic )and heat cured soft liner (Vertex ,Nether Lands )were prepared for this study .They were designed and divided according to type of the s

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Development and democracy in the Republic of Korea study in dialectic relationship
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After its 35-year occupation of Japan and the US occupation, Korea has set its sights on a long-term goal of building its country and establishing its foundations, unobtrusive and unchecked by the problems and wars that have stood in the way of its goal, surpassing all odds and achieving the best results. The most powerful Asian and global economies, which gained the respect of the world and its appreciation of the experience has become referred to as boys

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