Background: Appreciation of the crucial role of risk factors in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most significant advances in the understanding of this important disease. Extensive epidemiological research has established cigarette smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension as independent risk factors for CADObjective: To determine the prevalence of the 4 conventional risk factors(cigarette smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) among patients with CAD and to determine the correlation of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score with the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with unstable angina /non ST elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI).Methods: We conducted a descriptive study among 100 patients admitted with UA/NSTEMI to three major cardiac centers in Iraq: Iraqi Centre for Heart Disease ,Ibn- Al-Bitar Hospital for cardiac surgery and Al -Nasyria Cardiac Centre from January 2010 to January 2o11.Frequency of each conventional risk factors and number of conventional risk factors present among patients with CAD, compared between men and women and by age are estimated at study entry. The TIMI risk score was stratified on seven standard variables. The extent of CAD was evaluated on angiography and significant CAD was defined as ≥ 70% stenosis in any one of the three major epicardial vessels and ≥50% in LMS.Results : Among 100 patients with UA/NSTEMI , 82% of patients have one or more risk factors and only 18%of patients lacked any of 4 conventional risk factors.Smoking is the most common risk factor in male patients while diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are common among female patients, and all these results are statistically significant.There were 64 % patients with TIMI score < 4 (low and intermediate TIMI risk score) and 36% patients with TIMI score >4 (high TIMI risk score). Patients with TIMI score > 4 were more likely to have significant three vessel CAD and LMS versus those with TIMI risk score < 4 who have less severe disease (single and two vessel disease).Conclusion: Antecedent major CAD risk factor exposures were very common among those who developed CAD emphasizing the importance of considering all major riskfactors in determining CAD risk estimation . Patients with a high TIMI risk score were more likely to have severe multivessel CAD compared with those with low or intermediate TIMI risk score. Hence, patients with TIMI score >4 should be referred for early invasive coronary evaluation to derive clinical benefit.Key words: unstable angina , Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction score, risk factors
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The study was conducted to estimate the economic losses caused by insect mole cricket Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa on some agricultural crops and Potato tubers in collage of Agriculture- Abu Ghraib season 2012-2013. Study showed Mole cricket caused percentage of infestation in spring potato tubers variety Luciana reached to 11.61% and the percentage of loss in weight of tubers reached 18.88%. The study showed that addition of animal manure (organic fertilizer) to the soil when planting potatoes in the autumn increased the incidence of infestation and the number of tunnels caused by mole cricket which led to from increased economic losses. When matured potato tubers were left for a longer period in the soil percentage of infestation by mole cr
... Show MoreIt is believed that culture plays an important role in the ELF classroom activities (Al- Mutawa, & Kilani, 1989:87). It is important for the teacher to recognize potential negative (culturally based) perceptions of their learners. In Iraq, for instance, it is not. Uncommon to meet silent expressionless students that arc supposedly English language learners. It is possible for the beginner to interpret this negatively as a lack of interest in the study of English. This interpretation may play a harmful role in the classroom methodology. An instructor has to be intercultural competent to be an effective teacher. It will be more effective if the instructor adopts a consistent style of instruction to allow learners to adapt within the bounds of
... Show MoreBrachycerous Dipteran species on alfalfa plant Medicago sativa surveyed in several regions of Iraq from March to November 2012. The study was registered 14 species belonging to nine genera and four families. The results showed that Limnophra quaterna, Atherigona laevigata and Atherigona theodori as new records to Iraq and new pests of alfalfa.
DBN Rashid, Journal of Education College Wasit University 1(1):412-423, 2007
Systems on Chips (SoCs) architecture complexity is result of integrating a large numbers of cores in a single chip. The approaches should address the systems particular challenges such as reliability, performance, and power constraints. Monitoring became a necessary part for testing, debugging and performance evaluations of SoCs at run time, as On-chip monitoring is employed to provide environmental information, such as temperature, voltage, and error data. Real-time system validation is done by exploiting the monitoring to determine the proper operation of a system within the designed parameters. The paper explains the common monitoring operations in SoCs, showing the functionality of thermal, voltage and soft error monitors. The different
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The study of properties of space of entire functions of several complex variables was initiated by Kamthan [4] using the topological properties of the space. We have introduced in this paper the sub-space of space of entire functions of several complex variables which is studied by Kamthan.