Background: ;Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease. Approximately 85% of patients acutely infected with HCV progress to chronic liver disease with persistence of HCV-RNA for more than 6 months Among patients with chronic HCV infection , 15-20% progress to end-stage liver disease main transmission methods of the virus is by : blood and blood products ; sharing needles and acupuncture .Objective: To evaluate Iraqi patients infected with chronic HCV, including their treatment, and factors that affect their response to treatment .Methods :This study was performed at Gastroenterology and Hepatology hospital in Baghdad from January 2011 to March 2012.The study enrolled 90 patients with HCV Antibody positive (Ab +ve) , every patient subjected to thorough history taking and clinical examination, and complete investigations , some of the patients subjected to liver biopsy which is analyzed by Ishak classification , the data analyzed by chi square and P value <0.05 considered statistically significant..All these patients were treated with peg interferon alpha2a given once weekly and ribavirin given in two doses daily and follow up the patients during treatment regimen.Results: Ninety patients were enrolled, 66(73.3%) patients were male,24(26.7%) patients were female, patient age range from 18-63,mean age 41.4 year .The predominant genotype is genotype 1:45 (50%) patients , genotype 4:33(36.7%) patients .Only 27(30%)patients have viral load more than 600,000Uml while 63(70%) Patients have viral load less than 600,000Uml .34(37.7%) patients showed End treatment virological response.39 (42.2%) patients had been subjected to liver biopsy including those genotype 1 and4.There was a significant association between viral load and liver enzymes .Conclusion: There is a relatively low complete response to the treatment regimen for hepatitis C . Most of our patient with hepatitis C are discovered accidently, Most of them are male , young or middle age , asymptomatic or have minimal symptom , have low viral load .The commonest genotype is 1(50%) followed by genotype 4(36.7%) .Early virologic response were seen in most of the patients while end treatment response were seen in only 37.78% .
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is caused of 85% of all lung cancers. Among the most important factors for lung tumor growth and proliferation are the tyrosine kinase receptors that coded by the epidermal growth factor recep-tor (EGFR) gene. Activation of EGFR ultimately leads to developing of lung cancer. The present study was undertaken with an objective to detect EGFR mutations in bronchial wash from Iraqi patients with NSCLC before treatment. Methods: DNA was extracted from bronchial wash samples collected from 50 patients with NSCLC by using a Qiamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Then, EGFR mutations were determined by using real-time RCR combined with two technologies, Amplification Refractory Mutation System (
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استخدم تعدد الطرز الوراثية لمورث مستقبل فيتامين د عند الموقع FokI لتقييم تاثيرتعدد الطرزالرواثية على مستويات فيتامين د وهرمون الذكورة وهرمون الحليب في امصال مرضى سرطان البروستات وتضخم البروستات الحميد مقارنة بالأفراد الأصحاء. تم تضخيم موقع الحصر FOKI لمورث مستقبل فيتامين د باستخدام تقنية TaqMan RT-PCR وجد أن الطراز الوراثيTT له تأثير حماية من الاصابة بسرطان البروستات وتضخم البروستات الحميد بنسبة 70% و50 % عل
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Social risks posed a great challenge to the development path in Iraq, which resulted in widening the development gaps, whether these gaps were between rural and embargoed areas, or between Iraqi governorates, and the gender gap. Besides, the nature of the reciprocal relationship between the social risks and the development process requires the adoption of development trends that are sensitive to the risks that take upon themselves the prompt and correct response to these risks, away from randomness and confusion that Iraq suffered from for decades. However, currently, the situation has differed a great deal. This is because the size and types of such gaps have widened and become more complicated than before; a matter which has led to hav
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AI in teaching English is reshaping language learning. While interest in AI-supported education is growing worldwide, research in this area is still emerging in Iraq. This review synthesizes empirical AI-based intervention studies to enhance English language learning in Iraqi higher education, and the perceptions of stakeholders regarding AI tools in language instruction. The reviewed intervention studies, comprising studies employed different AI platforms to support grammar instruction, speaking fluency, writing feedback, and pragmatic competence. These interventions yielded improvements in learners’ performance, motivation, and communicative confidence. In parallel, perception-focused studies revealed positive attitudes toward A
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Sustainable human development means meeting the basic needs of society and striving for continuous improvement in quality, as it seeks to increase economic well-being while providing adequate housing and nutrition, as well as providing electricity, water, health and education services . Ten centuries ago, Islam highlighted the importance of the development effort and the necessity of its sustainability before the West took it in the 1970s. There are a number of challenges that greatly affect the reality of achieving and ensuring Millennium Development Goals. The research recommends the importance of fighting administrative and financial corruption, as this is one of the biggest challenges facing the possibility of advancing the economy and
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This research aims to show the most important approaches applicable in forming the accounting standards , the importance approaches used to formulate local accounting standards & the need to cancel or develop the unified accounting system in Iraq besides activate the local auditing & accounting standards council to issue accounting standards able to save the relevance & Reliable accounting information that serve the decisions of stockholders and others of stakeholders in the incorporate companies , especially the companies listed in the Iraq securities exchange , So this study based partially on analyzing the questionnaire form which has been designed to inquiry the specialists and experts opinion about the accoun
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, E Abdulqader, WK Al-Janabi, J Dermatol Venereol, 2020 - Cited by 6
Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an idiopathic condition aggravated by exogenous or endogenous glucocorticoids. Vascular deregulation in the choroid is a new hypothesis regarding central serous chorioretinopathy occurrence. The inhibition of choroidal mineralocorticoid receptors has a great role in shortening the duration of CSCR by inhibiting choroidal vasodilatation and leak.
Objective: To assess the effect of oral spironolactone on subretinal fluid, central macular thickness and visual acuity in patients with acute CSCR compared to observation.
Subjects and Methods: a hospital based, randomized clinical trial carried out at outpatient clinic in Ibn-Alhaitham Teaching E
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