Background: Emergency contraception (EC) is a general term used to describe drugs and devices that are utilized to prevent pregnancy following unprotected intercourse or in the event of contraceptive failure. This postcoital birth-control option is available by means of hormonal pills or copper-bearing intrauterine device.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the women's knowledge regarding EC, to compare the knowledge of school teachers with other women in the community, as well as assessing the pre-post test knowledge of teachers.Type of the study: A cross sectional and quasi- experimental study.Methods: It was carried out in Duhok during the period from 20th of November 2014 to 6th of January 2015. A Simple and systematic methods of sampling was used to collect 600 married women in their reproductive age group (15-49 years old ), 300 visitors from Primary health Care Centers, and 300 from school teachers.Results: showed that (77%) of study sample were used a natural (withdrawal) contraceptive way, while (3%) heard about emergency contraceptive, (13.2%) of them had unintended pregnancy and (1.2%) had an experience of induced abortion. From those who heard about emergency contraception (2.7%) considered the hormonal pills were the methods of emergency contraceptive and the friends were the source of information in (1.5%). In addition, there is a highly significant difference between the teacher's knowledge in pre and post-test .Conclusions: Our community knowledge toward EC is low, and there is a good benefit after doing the education program about the information regarding emergency contraception
This research sheds light on the morphological construction of kitchen terms in Hebrew language, especially methods of derivation, by offering an extensive review of the most important methods of morphological derivation. The field of kitchen terms is a fertile and rich field, where we see daily production of new kitchen tools which require suitable names with specific meanings. Morphologically, the research interested in methods of morphological derivation. So as to know and identify the common and effective methods to derive the kitchen terms in Hebrew language, in addition to put a special glossary of these terms. The research found that most of the kitchen terms were derived according to the methods of derivation prevailing in Hebrew la
... Show MoreThis research laid the recruitment & use of IT Animatic digital TV drama & inviting ways of working is simple &effective in the level of producing images especially in TV drama, so the entry of this technology has created the concepts of new technology, and simple & effective at the same time with high level of modernity & technical innovation, this research deals with three chapters that includes two topics the animatic modes & the stages of production , & what is the atheistic aspects that is provided by this technology with the researcher reviewing the use of some TV dramatic Production series that was mentioned through this research.Which afterwards the researcher has analyzed a sample that was selected fo
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Metaheuristics under the swarm intelligence (SI) class have proven to be efficient and have become popular methods for solving different optimization problems. Based on the usage of memory, metaheuristics can be classified into algorithms with memory and without memory (memory-less). The absence of memory in some metaheuristics will lead to the loss of the information gained in previous iterations. The metaheuristics tend to divert from promising areas of solutions search spaces which will lead to non-optimal solutions. This paper aims to review memory usage and its effect on the performance of the main SI-based metaheuristics. Investigation has been performed on SI metaheuristics, memory usage and memory-less metaheuristics, memory char
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Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in females. In Iraq there are noticeable elevation in incidence rates and prevalence of advanced stages of breast cancer. Ferritin is intracellular iron storage protein abundant in circulation and its main application in differential diagnosis of anemia.
The level of serum ferritin was found raised in various cancers including breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess whether the serum ferritin concentration would be altered in Iraqi women with breast cancer and it could be related to progression of disease.
Sixty eight females participated in this study. The mean age of these females was 53.25± 9.52 .The level of serum ferritin was measured in 24
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Leishmania species are intracellular protozoan parasites that spend a portion of their life cycle in the midgut of sand flies and the remainder in the tissues of mammals. These parasites, which cause a class of human disorders known as leishmaniasis, live mostly in macrophages, where they multiply and survive by employing a variety of defense mechanisms against the oxidative stress and acidity generated by these immune cells. To help control their reaction to heat stress, they also produce heat shock proteins. Furthermore, the promastigote form has a glycocalyx that is necessary for colonizing the gut wall of the sand fly and completing its life cycle. Consequently, a variety of virulence factors contribute to the parasite's pathoge
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Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected disease in tropical countries, including Iraq. Several studies have sought to examine chemotherapies for leishmaniasis treatment but most of them are of toxic and/or undesirable side effect, therefore, the need for investigating new fewer toxic therapies is essential. Aim of study: In this study, the cytotoxic effect of Artemisinin (ART), a novel herbal compound, was screened against the two forms, promastigotes and amastigotes, of the Iraqi isolate of Leishmania tropica, the causative agent of Baghdad boil. Material and methods: Different concentrations (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.6 and 7.8) µM of Artemisinin were screened to investigate the leishmanic
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The oil sector in Iraq suffered from several difficulties led to the decline and reduction of oil production and the deterioration of refineries and transport pipeline status in addition to the weakness of the technology side and the prevalence of financial and administrative corruption besides the high costs of rehabilitation of the oil sector and also administrative and institutional problems still ongoing.
In spite of Iraq's possession of vast oil wealth allows him to play an important role in the international energy market، he is still under the level. The production of oil doesn'<
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KE Sharquie, SA Al-Mashhadani, AA Noaimi, MY Abbas, Journal of the Saudi Society of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, 2011 - Cited by 5