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Comparison between the Use of bupivacaine 0.5%alone and bupivacaine 0.5% with nefopam 20mg in sciatic n block ( popliteal approach) and femoral n block in patients undergoing below knee surgery
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Objective : Sciatic nerve block (popliteal approach) and femoral N block is a new technique other than general anesthesia in below knee surgery because it provides adequate muscle relaxation, with good intraoperative and post-operative analgesia. Nefopam is non opioid, non-respiratory depressant and non-sedative was mixed with local anesthetics drug to study the effects. This study was done to compare the onset and duration of sensory and onset time and duration of action of motor block following administration of either bupivacaine alone with administration of bupivacaine and Nefopam in patients undergoing below knee lower limb surgeries under ultrasound guided regional anesthesia.
Methods: 100 patients with American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) 2 / 3/4 patients between 25 and 85 years who underwent elective and emergency lower limb surgeries randomly allocated into two group, each group has 50 patients by a sealed envelope technique to receive 20 ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine with 2 ml of normal saline in Group BS and 20 ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine with 2ml (20mg) of Nefopam in the second group (Group BN). The onset time, duration time of both sensory and motor blocking were seen and compared between the two groups.
Results : The onset time of both sensory and motor blockade was shorter in Group BN (bupivacaine with nefopam) when compared to Group BS (bupivacaine and normal saline) (p<0.0001). The duration of both sensory and motor blockade was longer in Group BN when compared to Group BS (p<0.0001). There were no significant hemodynamic changes (PR, BP,SPO2) in both groups. Also there is no any side effect or any complication.
Conclusion Nefopam when mixed with Bupivacaine in Sciatic nerve block and femoral nerve block in below knee surgeries shortens the onset time and prolongs the duration of action of both sensory and motor blockade without any systemic side effects and give excellent intra and postoperative analgesia.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Immunohistochemically Estimation of CD63 in Iraqi Patients with Gastric Cancer
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CD63 is -one of the tetraspanin family proteins, which are regarded as: hallmark exosomal markers because it is absent from other types of vesicles. It is expressed in the cell membrane of cancer cells, and cytoplasm of stromal cells. Objective: To assess CD63 expression in gastric cancer (GC) patients, and detected if it could be used as a predictive marker. Furthermore, the current study aimed to find the correlation between CD63 expression and clinicopathological parameters as: gender, age, invasion depth, histopathological type, involvement of lymph nodes, grade and stages of GC (TNM). The current study is a retrospective study in the period time from (2018 to-2020); 50 randomly patients formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks (FFPE)

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 09 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Quality of Life in Schizophrenic Patients: The Relationship with Personal Characteristics
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Objectives: The study aims to identify the quality of life level in schizophrenic patients and to find out the
relationships between the quality of life and some of personal characteristics for those patients with
schizophrenia.
Methodology: A descriptive correlation analytic design was used by using the assessment technique on sample
of 100 schizophrenic outpatients, who were selected purposively (non-probability sample) during the period
10/ 3/2013 - 1/ 12 /2013. The study was conducted on the schizophrenic patients in an out patient psychiatric
clinics at Ibn-Rushd; and Al-Rashad Psychiatric Teaching Hospital; Baghdad Teaching Hospital, and Al-Kadhimya
Teaching Hospital. Self administrative questionnaire was used

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 18 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The state of Vitamin D in Iraqi Patients With Parkinson Disease
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Background: A role for vitamin D deficiency in Parkinson disease (PD) has recently been suggested.

Objective:: To estimate the state of vitamin D in PD with an age-matched healthy control.

Type of the study: A case control study.

Method: The study randomly comparison of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) concentrations of collected samples in a clinical neurology department ward / Baghdad teaching hospital / Medical City and Parkinson disease movement disorder clinic. Participants were registered into the study from October 2015 to October 2016. We was study   serum vitamin D level in 40 consecutive patients with

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Plant Archives
The role of some cytokines in diabetic patients infected with toxoplasmosis
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Toxoplasmosis is the term for infection and disease in man and animal caused by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. The more susceptible to infect with toxoplasmosis is the Diabetic patients, due to low level of immunity response. The aim of current study is to investigate the immune status of diabetes mellitus type 2. One hundred and seventy five samples of both diabetes mellitus type 2patients and controls which had been tested by ELISA technique to detect anti-Toxoplasma Abs (IgG and IgM). The positive toxoplasmosis samples were tested to detect the level of TNF alpha and MIG. Results for all samples clarified that seronegative for IgM antibodies while 53 (53%) diabetic patients were seropositive for IgG antibodies and for toxoplasmosis

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Publication Date
Thu May 12 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Medical Science
A comparative study between the side effects of copper intrauterine device in women with non-scarred and scarred uterus
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The effect of differentiation strategy on achieve competitive advantage: survey comparison between the companies maintenance service
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Is to obtain competitive advantage legitimate objective pursued by all organizations to achieve, because they live today in environments of rapid change and dynamic in order to meet the demands of the customer changing as well as intense competition between the organizations, which requires them to get the location of competitive markets in order to do this will remain to do the building and strengthening competitive advantage to be able to achieve, but that this feature is not easy and is not only through the identification and use of a successful strategy for a competitive standard and then manage it successfully. Hence the research problem of determining the sources of differentiation strategy and its impact on the dimensions of compe

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2024
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Correlation of Serum Periostin Level with Disease Severity in Patients with Covid -19
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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the new respiratory virus SARS-CoV2. It has a tropism in the lung tissues where excess target receptors exist. Periostin plays a role in subepithelial fibrosis associated with bronchial asthma. Since the Coronavirus's target is the human respiratory system, Periostin has been recently described as a valuable new biomarker in the diagnosis and evaluation of disease in patients with COVID-19 lung involvement. Objectives: To assess the level of Periostin in the serum of COVID-19 patients and to correlate its role in disease severity and prognosis. Subjects and Methods: Periostin serum levels were measured for 63 patients attending three main COVID

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 14 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Correlation between Caries Related Microorganisms in the Dental Plaque and Saliva with Dental Caries Level in the Upper and Lower Jaws in 5-9 Years Old Children in Baghdad City
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Background: The oral cavity is considered as a complex ecological niche, its complex microbial community is reflected to it. Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as one of the major etiological factor of dental caries. Tooth surfaces colonized with Streptococcus mutans are at a higher risk for developing caries, while lactobacilli are considered as the secondary invaders, not initiators of the carious lesion. The main purpose of this study was to correlate the dental caries (for primary and permanent teeth) in the upper jaw with the streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli count in the dental plaque and saliva, also to correlate the dental caries (for primary and permanent teeth) in the lower jaw with the streptococcus mutans and lactobaci

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 30 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Madenat Alelem College
Estimation of Liver Enzymes and Total Bilirubin Level in the sera of patients infected with liver hydatid cysts
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This study included 46 patients with liver hydatid cyst diagnosed clinically and surgically. Control group consist of 22 healthy volunteers. The patients were divided according to the size of the cysts into more and less than 5 cm diameter size, 33 and 13, respectively. Also they were divided into primary and secondary hydatid cyst infection, 30 and 16, respectively. Significant increase of GOT, GPT and ALP levels were recorded due to hydatid cyst infection and had direct effect on the liver function, beside an increase in total bilirubin in patients serum compared with the control, also the same occurred in the secondary infection compared with primary infection, patients with> 5 cm showed significant increase in the above levels compared

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Trends In Pharmaceutical Sciences
A REVIEW: CEFPODOXIME PROXETIL (DOXEF. PROXETIL) DISCOVERY, PREPARATION, APPLICATIONS AND COMPARISON WITH CEFPODOXIME- CLAVULANIC ACID IN ACTIVITY
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