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Conversion Rate from Laparoscopic to open Cholecystectomy in AL-kindy Teaching Hospital, Baghdad
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Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is getting popularity for the treating of symptomatic gall bladder disease; conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy (OC) is also common.

Objective : To find out the prevalence of causes, risk factors of conversion from LC to OC among  patient suffering from gall bladder disease, and  to explore the most common causes of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of general surgery at Alkindy teaching hospital from first of January 2016 to the end of December 2017 .Nine hundred twenty patient were included. Patient age, gender, history of previous abdominal scar, common bile duct stone, ERCP, duration of symptom was included in our study.

Results: Seven hundreds twenty –seven patients 74.48% were females and 191  26.52% were males. The mean age of patient presented with gall bladder disease was 40.43 years. Thirty –eight patients were converted to open cholecystectomy. The most common cause of conversation was dense adhesions 42.1% - followed by bleeding 30.1%. Other common causes of conversion were biliary anomalous anatomy 10.5%, common bile injury 5%, visceral injury and technical failure  7%.

Conclusion: The main perioperative cause for OC was dense adhesion around gall bladder and the male gender, increasing age, history of common bile duct stone removed by previous ERCP, history of previous surgery, are independent risk factors of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

 

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 25 1993
Journal Name
كلية العلوم. / جامعة بغداد
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTREMELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIA FROM SADDAM RIVER REGIONS AND THE RULE OF MEMBRANE PROTEINS IN THE RESISTANCE TO HIGH SALINITY
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This study included isolation and characterization of extremely halophilic bacteria from Al-Massab Al-Aam region in South of Iraq Fifty isolates were identified by using numerical taxonomy 40 strains belonged to the genus Halobacterium which inclucted Hb. halobium Hb. cutirubrum Hb. salinarium Hb. saccharovorum Hb. valismortis and Hb. volcanii. Ten strains belonged to the genus Halococcus which included Hc. morrhuae Hc. saccharolyticus. Growth curves were sensitive mutants determined for wild type and salt Generation time in logarthmic phase was measured and found to be (10.37 2hr 7 0.59) for Hb. salinarium / 18 (6.490 hr 0.24) for Hb. cutirubrum / 32, (6.700 hr + 0.488) for Hb. valismortis / 20, (11.243 hr + 0.96) for Hb. volcanii / 7. (7

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 18 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Vitamin E Level In Friedreich’s Ataxic Phenotype Patients In Four Major Hospitals In Baghdad
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Background: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is the most common form of inherited ataxia, comprising one-half of all hereditary ataxias with a carrier rate between 1 in 60 to 1 in 90 and with a disease prevalence of 1 per 29,000. It can occur in two forms the classic form or in association with a vitamin E dependent ataxia. The precise role of Vitamin E in the nervous system is unknown; An Oxidative attack is suspected to play a role in Ataxia with Vitamin E deficiency, as well as in Friedreich ataxia. Vitamin E is the major free-radical-trapping antioxidant.

Objective: Theobjectives of the study is to asses vitamin E level in patients with Friedreichs ataxia phenotype in Iraqi patients.

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 09 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Prevalence and severity of molar-incisor hypomineralisation with relation to its etiological factors among school children 7- 9 years of Al-Najaf governorate
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Background: Molar Incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is one of the biggest challenges with great clinical interest. Currently, the etiology of MIH remains unclear. There is no previous study concerning school children aged 7 – 9 years in Al-Najaf governorate in order to estimate the prevalence and severity of molar incisor hypomineralisation and the possible associated risk factors. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, severity and the possible associated etiological factors of molar incisor hypomineralisation and also to study the correlation between body mass index and molar incisor hypomineralisation. Material and Methods: Across sectional study conducted at Al-Najaf Governorate. A total of 600 children were enrolled those

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The current research aims to identify the visual culture skills of students of the College of Education for Pure Sciences / Ibn Al-Haytham
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  • Identifying the visual culture skills of students of the College of Education for Pure Sciences / Ibn Al-Haytham.
  • Identifying the statistically significant differences in the visual culture skills of students of the College of Education for Pure Sciences / Ibn Al-Haytham according to the gender variable.
  • And the descriptive approach was used, due to its relevance to the nature of the research objective.

    To verify this, the visual culture skills test consisted of (22) items of the multiple choice type, where the (Koder Richardson 20) equation was applied to calculate the stability of the visual culture skills test. For the skill of writing

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 18 2023
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Media policy and its impact on the level of objectivity in the Iraqi media : A study from the communicators’ point of view in the Iraqi medi outlets for the period from (1/5/2021 to 1/9/2021)
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The research aims to reveal the impact of media policy in Iraqi media outlets on the level of objectivity in these outlets. A study from the communicators’ point of view where the researcher used a survey method on the communicators in media outlets to reveal the extent of media policies knowledge as well as the pressures exerted by this policy on communicators in media outlets. It also reveals the extent of their commitment to objectivity, neutrality in dealing with information and the way used to transfer it.
The research sample included (179) respondents from communicators in a range of Media outlets such as (Press, Radio, and Television), The researcher was careful with the diversity of the sample, and

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The gratifications of local television sports programs from the audience's point of view Analytical study for the period from 1/7/2022 to 01/10/2022
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The issue of sports media and its role in winning sports and non-sports fans and unifying them towards various issues and events is one of the important topics that have begun to occupy many countries and governments in the world and allocate appropriate spaces for it and provide it with sufficient funds and budgets to advance this reality...

Especially since the concept of the sports official has It changed a lot and turned into an economic concept rather than a sport one through the investment in the field of sports and the entry of capital and contributes to the prosperity of the countries interested in this field.

It is important that includes profit and loss in addition to knowing how to employ and win the masses and e

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Organizational conflict management strategies and their impact on the job performance / rashad hospital applied research training program
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This research aims to study to the strategic management of organizational conflict, which included (concept of conflict and development, types Altzimi conflict, ,management strategies organizational conflict) and its impact on job performance, which included( the concept of performance, elements functionality,) As well as the impact of the conflict on job performance has been selected Rashad training Hospital affiliated to the Department of Health in Baghdad's Rusafa, as the most important service hospitals with the exact specialty in psychiatry and its impact on the lives of citizens and how to enable the hospital aware of the strategic management of organizational conflict raises the level of functionality provided and make the

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
ADSORPTION POTENTIAL FOR A MIXTURE OF CHEMICALLY AND THERMALLY TREATED CLAYS TO REMOVE ORANGE G DYE FROM WASTE-WATER: ADSORPTION POTENTIAL FOR A MIXTURE OF CHEMICALLY AND THERMALLY TREATED CLAYS TO REMOVE ORANGE G DYE FROM WASTE-WATER
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This study examined the adsorption behavior of anionic dye (orange G) from aqueous solution onto the raw and activated a mixture of illite, kaolinite and chlorite clays from area of Zorbatiya (east of Iraq).The chemical treatment involved alkali and acid activation. The alkali activation obtained by treated the raw clay (RC) with 5M NaOH (ACSO) and the acid activation founded by treated it with 0.25M HCl (ACH) and 0.25M  (ACS). The thermal treatment carried out by calcination the produce activated clay at 750oC for acid activation and 105oC for alkali activation. Batch

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The semantics of terms in terms of inclusiveness when Imam Ibn Hajar al-Askalani (d. 852 e) in his book Fath al-Bari: Door of worship - Practical models
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Praise be to Allaah.
My research has included the following: The field of application of semantics when fundamentalists are the book and the Sunnah. Imam Ibn Hajar agreed with the majority of fundamentalists that what is meant from the year (one word denotes one side on two things onwards), and agreed that the significance of the year specific to the rest of its members is not a definite and definite formulas of the public has the singular known as (the) Astragharism, and the plural known as ( The nationality stating that dumping, pluralism is defined as (add), and nakra, if it occurs in the context of the condition, denial and prohibition, the names of the condition, the connected names, and the word (all - all). And the year in whic

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2022
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Investigation of several heavy metals in Al-Saddah agricultural drainage in Hilla city /Iraq
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Abstract<p>This study was done to determine the concentration of several heavy metals in the water of Al-Saddah agricultural drainage in Al-Saddah District in Babylon Province/Iraq. The concentrations of six heavy metals were measured (Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg, Fe, Zn). It was found that Pb concentration ranged from 0.06 mg/L at St.2 in autumn to 0.13 mg/L at St.2 in winter. Fe concentrations ranged from 0.04 mg/L at St.2 in autumn and winter to 0.41 at St.2 in Summer. Cd concentrations ranged from 0.008 mg/L at St.2 in summer to 0.05 mg/L at St.2 in winter. Cu concentrations ranged from 0.01 mg/L at St.1 in both autumn and winter to 0.63 mg/L at St.2 in winter. Hg concentrations was ranged from 0.002 mg/</p> ... Show More
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