Sovereign wealth funds have attracted the attention of the governments of the oil and non-oil countries alike, with a variation of the size of those funds to those states, based on the size of the financial surpluses resulting from Alriadat oil or foreign reserves, or state revenues for other sovereign assets. Raj use these funds remarkably during the financial crises the world has seen, including the crisis of 2008-2007., And Iraq is a oil-producing countries, which has the third largest reserves of crude oil (Crude Oil) at the level of the Arab world and of 140 300)) million barrels after Saudi Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the fourth reserves of crude oil in the world after issued Venezuela to the reserve (OBEC, 2013:21) as well as the size of the reserves of natural gas (Natural Gas) and deep (3,158) billion gallons, enriched by Iraq of the importance of this resource strategic, but unlike the oil-producing countries, Iraq was based on oil revenues in the dam operating expenses, and neglected the rest of the economic sectors. Which led to be among the consuming nations and not producing. Than heavier the general budget, and to make matters worse, is the international claims of Iraq and committed by Iraq before 2003, any of the former regime, governed by international law, which separated the heavily indebted, have created justifications to lay hands on oil revenues by the coalition Provisional Authority and in accordance with UN Security Council resolutions related thereto, and that on the track was set up the Development Fund for Iraq, adopting a fund for the deposit of all revenues from oil sales in the international market for the purposes of restructuring the Iraqi economy and contribute to the economic and social development and bridging the humanitarian needs for the Iraqi people, and the payment of international claims, which set up because of the wrong policies it is the purpose of showing off the power at the expense of the interests of the country and then was McCann!
Bedside clinical teaching is a fundamental part of the medical education that offers invaluable opportunities for the students to build and improve their clinical and communication skills. However, there is a growing concern about the increasing refusal of patients to participate in clinical sessions, especially in certain settings where there are sensitive cultural traditions and decreased trust in institutions.
This paper discusses patient refusal duri
Vegetation monitoring is considered an important application in remote sensing task due to variation of vegetation types and their distribution. The vegetation concentration around the Earth is increase in 5% in 2000 according to NASA monitoring. This increase is due to the Indian vegetable programs. In this research, the vegetation monitoring in Baghdad city was done using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for temporal Landsat satellite images (Landsat 5 TM& Landsat 8 OIL). These images had been used and utilize in different times during the period from 2000, 2010, 2015 & 2017. The outcomes of the study demonstrate that a change in the vegetation Cover (VC) in Baghdad city. (NDVI) generally shows a
... Show MoreThis study is directed at investigating the liquefaction potential within earth dams using numerical modelling by two-dimensional finite element analyses method for considering the Makhool earth dam on the Tigris River in Iraq. The effect of peak ground acceleration of 0.02g, 0.04g, 0.06g, and 0.08g is viewed for a shell, and the crest is presented for all scaled earthquake duration 25 s, 50 s, 75 s, and 100 s. The current study program comprises selecting a representative history point within the Makhool earth dam as a case study. Many points were allocated at different locations within the shell and crest to observe the fluctuation in the factor of safety against liquefaction. The seepage analysis results viewed graphically for the operat
... Show MoreThe Tigris River is a major source of Iraq’s drinking and agricultural water supply. An increase in pollution by heavy metals can be a great threat to human and aquatic life. In this study, the pollution index (PI) and metal index (MI) were used to evaluate the status of the Tigris River in Baghdad City. Five stations were chosen to conduct the study. Five heavy metals were analyzed: iron (Fe), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and chromium (Cr). The result of PI was ranked between “No effect to moderately affected for Fe; Slightly Affected to Seriously Affected for Pb; no effect to moderately affected for Ni, and no effect to strongly affected for Cr; only Zn was in the No effec
Diabetes mellitus represents a chronic illness distinguished by sustained elevations in blood glucose concentrations, and it ranks as the sixth foremost cause of mortality globally.
This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted consisted of 105 patients divided into three groups (36 vibration group, 38 coughing technique group, and 31 control group) who applied subcutaneous insulin injections in hospitalized adults’ patients with type 2 diabetes between September 2024 and January 2025 to examine the effect of the cou
Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer-related mortality worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing among many nations. Aim of the study: Investigate the predictive value of carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242) in comparison to the CEA biomarker and to estimate the significance of CA242 as prognosis maker in colorectal cancer patients. Methods: a case-control study with a total of 150 individuals, 100 patients (59 males, 41 females) and 50 healthy controls (26 males, 24 females). using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) to determine the serum levels of CA242 and CEA. The study was carried out at the gastroenterology consultation clinic of the oncology teaching hospital between November 2020 and February
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