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Measurement and analysis of financial liberalization in Iraq
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Abstract :                                                                                                            

In light of the trend of the countries of the world to adopt the policy t the overall stability. In this direction, competition is a condition of efficiency and competition can not be achieved unless the restrictions on The entry of new banks and financial institutions to the market, including foreign banks, as well as changing legislation and licensing regulations to ensure this. This study is coof financial openness, many countries have tended to emphasize the reforms in the financial and banking sector in order to raise its efficiency in order to supporncerned with the measurement and analysis of indicators of financial liberalization in Iraq for the period (2015-1990) using the FLI method. This indicator shows the degree of financial liberalization at that time. The use of this indicator is useful in monitoring the pace of liberalization and assessing the impact of fiscal liberalization on various aspects of the economy. This study also includes partial liberalization measures in the index.

 The study focused on four key variables of fiscal liberalization in Iraq: the liberalization of the interest rate; the reduction of the legal reserve; the free access of foreign banks to Iraq; the cancellation of credit controls during the study period; State-owned banks. The financial liberalization process in Iraq began in 2004, following the issuance of the new law of the Central Bank of Iraq No. 94 of 2004. Since then, the financial liberalization measures have been implemented to expand and deepen the financial system in order to increase competition and improve the efficiency of the financial sector and maintain the stability of the Iraqi financial system. All these policy instruments are expected to complement each other in achieving the overall objectives of competition and efficiency, the sound functioning of the financial system and capital markets, and stabilization of the financial sector in Iraq. The FLI shows that the financial liberalization process accelerated in Iraq during For the period from 2004 to 2015.                  

 

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Plasma Medicine
Thermal Effect of Laser on Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Cold Plasma Method on Cancer Cells
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In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a cold plasma technique and a plasma jet. They were then used to explore how photothermal treatment may be used to treat lung cancer (A549) and normal cells (REF) <i>in vitro</i>. The anti-proliferative activity of these nanoparticles was studied after A549 cells were treated with (AgNPs) at various concentrations (100&#37;, 50&#37;, or 25&#37;) and exposure times (6 or 8 min) of laser after 1 h or 24 h from exposed AgNPs. The highest growth inhibition for cancer cells is (75&#37;) at (AgNPs) concentration (100&#37;) and the period of exposure to the laser is (8 min). Particle size for the prepared samples varied according to the diameter o

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Isa Transactions
Design of a Complex fractional Order PID controller for a First Order Plus Time Delay system
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 12 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The optical properties of Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymers doped by Potassium Iodide with different thickness
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Films of pure Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped by potassium iodide (KI) salt with percentages (1%) at different thickness prepared by casting method at room temperature. In order to study the effect of increasing thickness on optical properties, transmission and absorption spectra have been record for five different thicknesses(80,140,210,250,320)µm. The study has been extended to include the changes in the band gap energies, refractive index, extinction coefficient and absorption coefficient with thickness.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Constructed Wetland Units Filled with Waterworks Sludge for Remediating of Wastewater Contaminated with Congo Red Dye
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The disposal of textile effluents to the surface water bodies represents the critical issue especially these effluents can have negative impacts on such bodies due to the presence of dyes in their composition. Biological remediation methods like constructed wetlands are more cost-effective and environmental friendly technique in comparison with traditional methods. The ability of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands units for treating of simulated wastewater polluted with Congo red dye has been studied in this work. The units were packed with waterworks sludge bed that either be unplanted or planted with Phragmites australis and Typha domingensis. The efficacy of present units was evaluated by monitoring of DO, Temperature, COD

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Computers &amp; Fluids
Assessing moment-based boundary conditions for the lattice Boltzmann equation: A study of dipole-wall collisions
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 03 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Health Sciences
Bioremediation of contaminated soil with hydrocarbons discharged from liquid petroleum gas filling refineries by Burkholdaria cepatia
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Commercial, industrial, and military activity, largely in the 19th and 20th centuries, have led to  environmental pollution that can threaten human health and ecosystem function, liquid gas petroleum (LPG) products are the major sources of energy for industry and daily life that cause environmental contamination during various stages of production, transportation, refining and use. Screening of bacterial isolate by using clear zone techniques and biomass and optical density. Results revealed that isolate Burkholdaria cepatia showed a high ability for hydrocarbons biodegradation and this isolate identified depending on morphological cultural, gram stain, microscopic features, biochemical tests, and VITEK2 compact.   In this study,

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 13 2018
Journal Name
Mustansiria Dental Journal
Dimensional stability of heat-activated acrylic resin at different time intervals by different flask cooling methods
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This study was design to investigate the dimensional stability of heat-activated acrylic resin with different methods of flask cooling (15 minutes rapid cooling, one hour bench cooling, four hours delayed deflasking, and 24 hours delayed deflasking) at different time intervals (immediately, two days, seven days, 30 days) after deflasking. Heat-activated acrylic resin was used to prepare acrylic samples. Then, measurement of the distances where achieved between the centers of selected marks in the acrylic samples. They were measured at different time intervals for different methods of flask cooling. The results showed that the group samples of the four hours and 24 hours of delayed deflasking was insignificantly different from the control an

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A study the electrical properties of a Se:2.5%as thin films prepared by thermal cvaporation
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thin films of se:2.5% as were deposited on a glass substates by thermal coevaporation techniqi=ue under high vacuum at different thikness

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Enhancement of Photoconductive Detector Based on Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with Silver Nanoparticles by Adding Conductive Polymer
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In this work, wide band range photo detector operating in UV, Visible and IR was fabricated using carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, SWCNTs) decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Silicon was used as a substrate to deposited CNTs/Ag NPs by the drop casting technique. Polyamide nylon polymer was used to coat CNTs/Ag NPs to enhance the photo-response of the detector. The electro-exploding wire technology was used to synthesize Ag NPs. Good dispersion of silver NPs achieved by a simple chemistry process on the surface of CNTs. The optical, structure and electrical characteristic of CNTs decorated with Ag NPs were characterized by X-Ray diffraction and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy.  X-ray diffra

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 22 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Detection of CTX-M-type ESBLs from Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital, Malaysia
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The present study aims to detect CTX-M-type ESBL from Escherichia coli clinical isolates and to analyze their antibotic susceptibility patterns. One hundred of E. coli isolates were collected from different clinical samples from a tertiary hospital. ESBL positivity was determined by the disk diffusion method. PCR used for amplification of CTX-M-type ESBL produced by E. coli. Out of 100 E. coli isolates, twenty-four isolates (24%) were ESBL-producers. E. coli isolated from pus was the most frequent clinical specimen that produced ESBL (41.66%) followed by urine (34.21%), respiratory (22.23%), and blood (19.05%).  After PCR amplification of these 24 isolates, 10 (41.66%) isolates were found to possess CTX-M genes. The CTX-M type ESBL

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