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Use Simulation To Differentiate Between Some Modern Methods To the Model GM(1,1) To Find Missing Values And Estimate Parameters With A Practical Application
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Abstract

       The grey system model GM(1,1) is the model of the prediction of the time series and the basis of the grey theory. This research presents the methods for estimating parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the accumulative method (ACC), the exponential method (EXP), modified exponential method (Mod EXP) and the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO). These methods were compared based on the Mean square error (MSE) and the Mean Absolute percentage error (MAPE) as a basis comparator and the simulation method was adopted for the best of the four methods, The best method was obtained and then applied to real data. This data represents the consumption rate of two types of oils a heavy fuel (HFO) and diesel fuel (D.O) and the use of tests to confirm the accuracy of the grey model. After obtaining the results, the best method to estimate the parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the method of the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO) It has been used to treatment the missing values ​​in the data and in the prediction where it has been shown to have the best results

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraq Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
RESPONSE OF FABA BEAN TO PLANTING DISTANCE BETWEEN PLANTS AND SPRAYING WITH NANO AND TRADITIONAL BORON
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A field experiment was conducted during winter season of 2021 at a research station of college of agricultural engineering sciences, university of Baghdad to determine the response of active fertility percentage and seed yield and its components of faba bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Aguadulce) to distance between plants and spraying of nano and traditional boron. A Randomized Complete Block Design according to split-plots arrangement was used at three replicates. The main plots were three distances between plants (25, 35 and 45 cm), while the sub plots including spraying of distilled water only (control treatment), spraying of boron at a 100 mg L-1 and spraying of nano boron at two concentrations (10 and 15 mg L-1). The results showed that the 25

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Simulation of the Entrance to the Escape of the Flood Branching from the Diyala River
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The Diyala River is considered the third most important river in Iraq. However, in the recent period, Diyala Governorate has been subject to several floods. This study aims to simulate an efficient labyrinth weir at the flood escape entrance branching from the Diyala River to reach the best entrance through which the flood waves can pass safely. The discharge coefficient was calculated laboratory for five types of trapezoidal side labyrinth weirs with different sidewall angles. Results showed that the coefficient discharge for the trapezoidal labyrinth side weir with an angle of the sidewall is 75ᵒ and has a discharge coefficient greater than the rest of the labyrinth side weirs. The second part of this study is valida

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 26 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Aridland Agriculture
Modern GPS diagnostic technique to determine and map soil hardpan for enhancing agricultural operation management
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Among the undesirable effects of soil compaction is a measurable reduction in plant growth and crop yield. The prevailing belief is that compacted tillage pans are caused by repetitive farming practices, heavy tractors, tillage tools, and field traffic. This experiment was conducted to determine and map the hardpan layers across an agricultural field through advanced technologies of precision agriculture. These valuable techniques such as data logger, yield map, and data analysis of performance indicators were linked with accurate global positioning systems (GPS) datasets. These important technologies provided the farmers and helped them to identify and manage areas of the fields with higher compacted layers. Three ground speeds 4.3

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 16 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Guernica Semiotics… methods of Expression between Aesthetic and Semantic Composition
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This semiotic analytical study has shown that there is a wide diversity in the aesthetic systems and the ranges of reception for the rhetoric and the discourse. The fertility of this semiotic conceptual system monitored this new mature, innovative and advanced level of this new critical analytical method with its different technical and theoretical foundations. Thus, it opened the door wide to new discoveries in the laws, which motivate different artistic texts. Finally, the research is just a start. Can the linguistic methods read the artistic works outside the linguistic authorities? Is it possible to capture the structural transformation in Picasso drawings? Semiotically another researcher in another method (such as deconstruction) ca

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 08 2026
Journal Name
Journal Mustansiriyah Of Sports Science
The effect of using Daniel's model for people with two types of brain control (left and right) to learn the skill of the Cartwheel in artistic gymnastics for second-stage students
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The research problem focused through the researcher's experience in the gymnastics game and the lack of use of educational models that give the student an important role in the educational process, so it became necessary to identify the type of prevailing style for students, and the need for diversity in the use of educational models based on scientific theories, including the Daniel Document model. Based on three theories of learning, which are structural, behavioral, and meaningful learning. The research aimed to identify the effect of using the Daniel model for people with two types of brain control (left and right) to learn the skill of the Cartwheel in artistic gymnastics for students of the second stage. The researcher used the experi

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 20 2022
Journal Name
2022 International Conference On Computer And Applications (icca)
Mobile Application to Locate and Track Person's Whereabouts and Send SOS Messages
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Symbolic values and aesthetics in the design of interior spaces: بان أحمد إبراهيم
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The current research deals with studying the aesthetics of symbolic values in the design of internal spaces and their connotations through their existence as a material value, as well as the symbolic meanings and their connotations that touch the spiritual and emotional side of the human being as an intangible value, and the research included four chapters, so the research problem was embodied by the following question (What is the role of values Symbolism and aesthetics in the design of interior spaces)? Therefore, the aim was to clarify the role of symbolic values and their aesthetics in the design of internal spaces. The first chapter included the importance of research, the need for it, the limits of the research and its terminology.

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Naber and toning in the modern Arab poetry Mahmoud Darwish, a model
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Naber and toning in the modern Arab poetry Mahmoud Darwish, a model

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Physical Mesomechanics Of Condensed Matter: Physical Principles Of Multiscale Structure Formation And The Mechanisms Of Nonlinear Behavior: Meso2022
Optimal control strategy applied to diabetes model
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Public expenditures transferring and its role in the redistribution of income with particular reference to the experiences of elected
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After the success of the reforms Keynesian save the capitalist system from collapse and to apply the concepts of state intervention in economic activity in order to revive aggregate demand to achieve the purposes of macro-economic policies which draw their scope of economic (John Keynes) theory of effective demand, which created the new role of the state away from the classical concepts. Valley transmission role of the State of (State Guardian) to the process of state overlapping that increased and social functions have become responsible for raising the standard of living of classes with limited incomes, in particular, and the rest of the classes in general, through the expansion of the delivery of public servic

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