Abstract The success of the system of government in any country needs to have a handle on the amount of power efficiency , capacity , capability and wisdom, Iraq has gone through since its inception through several stages of time, namely: The first stage: which ran from August 23, 1921 until July 14, 1958 and was ruling monarchy (rule of the royal family) and punishing power of political elites both of them and works access to power without taking into consideration the laws and principles of the Constitution, and as a result of the inability of civilian powers and political parties access to power to grant that army officers regulatory and disciplinary specifications as well as possessing arms and overthrow the rule of the minority coup. The second stage: the era of absolute monarchy turned into a Republican in the July 14, 1958, which came to change the system and the removal of the royal government led by (the organization of the Free Officers). But the struggle for power by the military commanders and intense rivalry that both of them tried to impose his grip on power so it was survival of the fittest The third stage: As a result of the previous conditions have been coups February 8, 1963 as the orientations of the leaders and their goals have changed as consistent with the interests and positions of power. The fourth stage: is the stage of the Fourth Republic after the coup, July 17, 1968 and handed power by the Baath white coup on July 16 in 1979-9 April 2003. And characterized all these previous periods of the existence of temporary constitutions and political instability and failed republican systems in the transfer of Iraq to a state of institutions based on constitutional grounds.
The study aimed at identifying youth and sport forums from planning and leadership point of view and their relation with organizational culture. The researchers used the descriptive method on (140) worker in Baghdad youth and sport forums. A scale was designed for measuring planning and leadership in youth and sport forums as well as designing a scale for measuring organizational culture. After the application of the main experiment, the results showed that both youth and sport forum administration scale and organizational culture scale are appropriate to the study community. Finally the researchers recommended using these scales by workers in youth and sport forums and involving administration mangers in periodical training courses
... Show MoreTraumatic radial nerve injury in humeral shaft fracture is the most common traumatic nerve injury in long-bone fracture, with overall prevalence 2-18%, ranging from traction to complete transection. Spontaneous recovery may reach 88%. The aim of the study is to assess the sensitivity & specificity of the ultrasound to detect the radial nerve injury and to see if this can be used as a diagnostic test. This is a prospective study on 17 adult patients with a closed fracture of the humeral shaft, dividing into two groups, the first group of 7 patients had signs and symptoms of radial nerve palsy at presentation and the second group of 10 patients had intact radial nerve function was considered as a control group. All these patients had at leas
... Show MoreIn the current work, the mixing ratios ( 𝛿 ) of gamma transitions were calculated from energy levels in the isotopes neodymium 60𝑁𝑎 142−150 populated in the 60Nd 142− 150 (n, n ˊγ) 60Nd 142− 150 using the 𝑎2 ratio method. We used the experimental coefficient (𝑎2 ) for two γ-transitions from the initial state itself, the statistical tensor 𝜌2(𝐽𝑖), associated with factor 𝑎2 , would be the same for the two transitions. The results obtained are in good agreement or within the experimental error with -those previously published. And existing contradictions resulting from inaccuracies in the empirical results of previous work. The current results confirm that the , 𝑎2 − method is used to calculate th
... Show MoreSchiff base obtained from the reaction (Trimethoprim) with (sodiumpyruvate ) to produce the ligand [NaL], the reaction was carried out in methanol as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [NaL] was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H,13C-NMR spectra, mass spectra, and melting point.A new mixed ligand complexes have been prepared between ( 8- hydroxyquinolone) and the ligand [NaL] withMn(II).Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), (Zn(II) ,(Cd(II)and Pd(II). All the complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy), chloride content and melting point ,molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility.These measure- ments showed octahedral geometry around(,Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+) ions and square pla
... Show MoreMn2O3 was coated onto reduced titania nanotubes by reverse pulse electrodeposition, showing smooth and homogenous deposits without covering the opening of the nanotubes.
The new ligand [N1,N4-bis((1H-benzo[d]Glyoxalin-2-yl)carbamothioyl)Butanedi amide] (NCB) derived from Butanedioyl diisothiocyanate with 2-aminobenz imidazole was used to prepare a chain of new metal complexes of Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Ag(I), Cd(II) by general formula [M(NCB)]Xn ,Where M= Cr(III), n=3, X=Cl; Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Cd(II) ,n=2 , X=Cl; Ag(I), n=1, X=NO3. Characterized compounds on the basis of 1H, 13CNMR (for (NCB), FT-IR and U.V spectrum, melting point, molar conduct, %C, %H, %N and %S, the percentage of the metal in complexes %M, Magnetic susceptibility, thermal studies (TGA),while its corrosion inhibition for mild steel in Ca(OH)2 solution is studied by weight loss. These measureme
... Show MoreIn this study, iron was coupled with copper to form a bimetallic compound through a biosynthetic method, which was then used as a catalyst in the Fenton-like processes for removing direct Blue 15 dye (DB15) from aqueous solution. Characterization techniques were applied on the resultant nanoparticles such as SEM, BET, EDAX, FT-IR, XRD, and zeta potential. Specifically, the rounded and shaped as spherical nanoparticles were found for green synthesized iron/copper nanoparticles (G-Fe/Cu NPs) with the size ranging from 32-59 nm, and the surface area was 4.452 m2/g. The effect of different experimental factors was studied in both batch and continuous experiments. These factors were H2O2 concentration, G-Fe/CuNPs amount, pH, initial DB15
... Show MoreDensity Functional Theory (DFT) method of the type (B3LYP) and a Gaussian basis set (6-311G) were applied for calculating the vibration frequencies and absorption intensities for normal coordinates (3N-6) at the equilibrium geometry of the Di and Tetra-rings layer (6, 0) zigzag single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by using Gaussian-09 program. Both were found to have the same symmetry of D6d point group with C--C bond alternation in all tube rings (for axial bonds, which are the vertical C--Ca bonds in rings layer and for circumferential bonds C—Cc in the outer and mid rings bonds). Assignments of the modes of vibration IR active and inactive vibration frequ
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