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The passive of verbs constructed with prepositions: Das Passiv der mit Präpositionen konstruierten Verben
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 Verbs in German and Arabic are of two types: active and passive. Passive voice  is a grammatical voice construction that is found in many languages.  Out of grammatical perspective, each main verb has a form in the active and one in the passive known as a "genus verbi" (type of verb). In passive voice, both in German and in Arabic, the focus is on the action itself or on the result of the action; often the perpetrator is not mentioned. In German, to conjugate verbs in the passive voice, you must know the forms of werden (to become). German uses werden  + the past participle and states it at the end of a sentence. In Arabic, the passive is formed by changing the vowels on the verb; the vowel series u-i-a occurs instead of the a-vowels.

 Transitive prepositional verbs originally are intransitive verb with a preposition added to the action of the sentence. In German, the prepositional group can be combined with the prepositions von or durch, while in Arabic, such a prepositional group occurs only in certain cases. In contrast to Arabic, the passive in German is impossible with reflexive verbs. In some cases, an impersonal passive in German corresponds with a personal passive in Arabic. The present paper discusses some of these verbs traced in a chart that shows the most important results when compared with their Arabic equivalents.

In grammatischen Darstellung findet man für jedes Vollverb eine Form im Aktiv und eine im Passiv, es wird von „genus verbi“ (Art des Verbs) gesprochen. Im Passiv steht sowohl im Deutschen als auch im Arabischen das Geschehen selbst oder das Ergebnis der Handlung im Vordergrund; aus der Sicht der betroffenen Person oder Sache; oft wird der Täter nicht gennant. Im Deutschen wird die passivische Verbform mit dem Hilfsverb werden und dem Partizip II gebildet, während die Vokalreihe u-i-a anstelle der a- Vokale im Arabischen eintritt. Die im Aktiv mit Präpositionen verbundenen Verben bilden in beiden Sprachen ein unpersönliches Passiv. Im Deutschen kann die Präpositionalgruppe mit den Präpositionen von oder  durch verbunden werden. Im Unterschied dazu tritt solche Präpositionalgruppe im Arabischen nur in bestimmten Fällen mit من قبل   auf. Im Unterschied zum Arabischen ist das Passiv im Deutschen bei reflexiv Verben unmöglich. In einigen Fällen entspricht ein unpersönliches Passiv im Deutschen einem persönlichen Passiv im Arabischen.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 06 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Identifying the multiple intelligences of Iraqi EFL Instructors at college level
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Teachers should have acceptable ratios of multiple intelligences. Knowing their most dominate intelligence, teachers will be capable of understanding and considering the multiple intelligences of their students. Accordingly, they will be able to use Gardner’s theory as an effective approach of teaching for all kinds of learners and not limited to a specific type of students especially those who have high ratios of verbal-linguistic and logic-mathematical intelligences

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Reality of Teachers’ Use of Modern Technologies in Teaching Arabic as a Second Language in Terms of Objectives and Selection Foundations at the Institute of Arabic Language in Umm Al-qura University Mamoun Eltigani Hassan Eldali
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This study aims to know the degree of importance and the availability of the enhancing specifications of the educational process, and the way its objectives are achieved. Such a step involves using educational techniques, laying the selection foundations, knowing the methods of their employment and tracking the obstacles that limit this employment in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. To achieve these objectives, the study followed a descriptive approach, and collected the necessary data through an integrated questionnaire prepared for the purpose of describing the phenomenon or topic. This approach was adopted, as it is characterized by being comprehensive, focuses on collecting data related and necessary to the topic under study.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
El bilingüismo como fenómeno mundial
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“El bilingüismo como fenómeno mundial”
Desde el ámbito lingüístico que define : ―Las lenguas son sistemas de símbolos diseñados para comunicación” ( 1 ) . Aparece la competencia lingüística ,es decir el bilingüismo es la capacidad de utilizar dos lenguas o más de forma alternativa y las personas implicadas se denominará bilingües, este fenómeno se extiende para comprender las comunidades lingüísticas, por eso la mayoría de los países del mundo son oficialmente bilingües o multilingües , en el sentido tiene dos o mάs lenguas nacionales o regionales oficialmente reconocidas .Algunos países forman ejemplos más destacados del bilingüismo como Άfrica ,Asia,Europa,Oceanía ( 2 )
,America. El propósito d

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
وظيفية اللغة رؤى ومقاربات
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The research is based on the most important pillars: 1 - constructive towards the Arabic language, functions, and branch into synthetic functions and deliberative functions and internal functions and external functions.
2. Expression, rank, sentence, and patterns (association sentences and compound sentences)
3 - linguistic heritage and modern functional lesson and is based on 1 - heritage and the optimal theory. 2. Heritage function. 3. Theory of optimal theory. 4. Heritage as a reference, history, and source.
4 - discourse: patterns and characteristics - stereotyping discourse - a structure of the discourse - components of discourse.
The first pillars of the use of language start from the fact that the language is a set of

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Male/Female Students’ Attitudes in the University College to Applied Sciences in Gaza Towards Learning Arabic Grammar Remotely in the Course of Arabic Language Requirement During Corona Pandemic
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This study deals with examining UCAS students’ attitudes in Gaza towards learning Arabic grammar online during the Corona pandemic. The researcher has adopted a descriptive approach and used a questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The results of the study have statistically shown significant differences at the level of "0.01" between the average scores of students in favor of the students of the humanities specializations. It has also been found that the students’ attitudes at the Department of Humanities and Media towards learning Arabic grammar online are positive. Additionally, the results revealed no statistical significant differences due to the variable of UCAS students’ scientific qualifications. The results stressed

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
El porqué de la confusión entre el pretérito indefinido y el imperfecto en la lengua española para alumnos de Irak The reason of confusion between past perfect and imperfect in Spanish for Iraqi students
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Las diferencias entre el pretérito perfecto simple y el imperfecto son uno de los temas más complejos de la lengua española, no sólo para el estudiante, sino para el profesor, puesto que sistematizar los casos y hacerlos fácilmente comprensibles al alumno es tarea difícil. Los profesores de lengua, cuyas investigaciones han dado lugar a una serie de teorías y de corrientes metodológicas y didácticas que permiten enfocar la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera de manera muy distinta a como se hacía tradicionalmente. Vamos a repasar muy brevemente cuáles son estas teorías.

En primer lugar es necesario señalar en qué consiste el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua:

"El aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (L2) es el

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A study of the phonetic changes of Arabic loanwords in Balochi: بررسی تغییرات آوایی وام واژه های عربی در زبان بلوچی
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 Abstract  Lanɡauaɡes, like humans, need communication and interaction to prosper. One of the ways for a language to flourish is to borrow words from other languages. The southern regions of Iran and the coastal countries of Persian Gulf have had strong cultural relations since old times, with language being a dimension of these relations. With their land being geographically located in the realm of Islamic civilization and being Muslims,  Baloch people have had strong connections with the Arab world and the Arabic language.Thus, many Arabic words have made their ways into Balochi language either directly or indirectly through persian language. Since each language has its own unique sound structure, these loanwords have undergone ph

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 29 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Impact of the Seven Principles of Good Practice as a Teaching Technique on EFL Student –Teachers' Performance: سوسن سعود عزيز
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The interest in pre-service teacher training has become influential in teaching English as a foreign language, and the purpose of this training course is to prepare qualified teachers to teach effectively through the application of this technique by undergraduate students. This research aims to find out the effect of using the seven principles of good practice as a teaching technique on the fourth stage student-teachers’ performance at the College of Education for Women/University of Baghdad, during the academic year 2017-2018. The sample includes (60) students selected according to the stratified sampling method. The observational checklist used by the department to assess the student teachers’ performance during the practicum perio

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Multifunctional Morphemes in Kurdish Language the Morpheme Le as an example: فرەئەرکی مۆرفیمەکان لە زمانی کوردیدا مۆرفیمی (لە) بەنموونە
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Kurdish language multifunctional morphemes indicate the different functional morphological, syntactical, and semantic tasks of the morphemes. The present study discusses the multifunctional task of the Morpheme Le in Kurdish Language. The Morpheme Le has marginally been included in other studies, yet up to the present times, there has not been a research inclusively dedicated to thoroughly discuss and clarify its multifunctional aspects. The  present study is divided into two chapters:

       Chapter one discusses the theoretical aspect of chapter two that is entirely concerned with the practical aspect of the morpheme Le. The first part of chapte

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 26 2023
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
توظيف التقانة في خدمة اللغة العربية توصيف الفعل الماضي مثالا
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      Computational linguistics is a modern branch of linguistics concerned with computer processing of natural languages. It makes computer as human brain simulate to human mind to understand language endoscopy and application.  It stems from the use of computers to create programs and information systems that help the user to solve linguistic issues such as translation, analysis, parsing, and others This research seeks to show the employability of Arabic grammar, especially the past tense of it, in the light of this theory The study made use of the computer program (Madamera) to apply its samples of past phrasal verbs,  In its methodology

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