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OUTDATED VOCABULARY in A. I. HERZEN's NOVEL " who is to BLAME?": УСТАРЕВШАЯ ЛЕКСИКА В РОМАНЕ А. И. ГЕРЦЕНА «КТО ВИНОВАТ?»
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The article considers the main reason for A. I. Herzen's address to obsolete words, which is their ability to acquire a stylistic coloring in the context of speech, as well as the possibility of combining, in some cases, with neutral lexemes of various functional styles. A certain stylistic effect of such characteristics of this type of vocabulary is represented, as a result of which their stylistic coloring in syntagmatic terms does not coincide with stylistic coloring in terms of paradigmatics, that is, in speech they have a completely stylistic meaning. Attention is focused on the role of outdated vocabulary, which consists in the fact that they serve to implement such features of the artistic style as imagery, emotionality, and their main task is to emotionally affect the reader, which Herzen skillfully uses. It is argued that for the outdated vocabulary of the novel “Who is to blame?” By A.I. Herzen, the successful coexistence of the modern era for the writer of language and speech appears characteristic. The nature of the combination of these two linguistic elements, their scope, methods, and techniques for introducing elements of the language of the epoch depicted into the fabric of a work of art are specific.

В статье рассмотрена главная причина обращения А. И. Герцена к устаревшим словам, которая состоит в их способности приобретать в контексте речи стилистическую окраску, а также возможности сочетания в некоторых случаях с нейтральными лексемами различных функциональных стилей. Репрезентирован определенный стилистический эффект таких характеристик этого типа лексики, вследствие чего их стилистическая окрашенность в синтагматическом плане не совпадает со стилистической окраской в плане парадигматики, то есть в речи они совсем имеют совершенно стилистическое значение. Акцентируется внимание на роли устаревшей лексики, состоящая в том, что они служат для реализации таких черт художественного стиля как образность, эмоциональность, а их главная задача – эмоционально воздействовать на читателя, чем мастерски пользуется Герцен. Утверждается, что для устаревшей лексики романа «Кто виноват?» А. И. Герцена характерным представляется успешное сосуществование современного для писателя языка и речи изображаемой эпохи. Характер сочетания этих двух языковых стихий, их объем, способы, приемы введения элементов языка изображаемой эпохи в ткань художественного произведения являются специфическими.

 

 

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Impact of the Adoption of IAS.1 on Improving the Qualitative Characteristics Using Financial Indicators - An Applied study
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The international financial accounting and reporting standards IFRS/IAS represent the set of rules and foundations that the economic entity must follow in the measurement, presentation, and disclosure of the elements of the financial statements, the implementation of adopting the international financial reporting standards contributes to improving the qualitative characteristics of accounting information, so the current research aims to explain the role of adopting the International Accounting Standard (IAS) in improving the qualitative characteristics as well as analyzing the impact of the adoption of IAS.1 in improving the qualitative characteristics of accounting information within the financi

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 22 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Babylon Center For Humanities Studies
المغول في كتاب " التاريخ الغياثي " لعبد الله بن فتح الله البغدادي الغياثي (ت بعد سنة ٩٠١ هـ / ١٤٩٥م
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2024
Journal Name
مجلة الفارابي للعلوم النسانية
اثر استراتيجية نجمتين وامنية في تحصيل مادة الكيمياء عند طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط م . د . انور عباس محمد
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يهدف البحث الى التعرف على اثر استراتيجية نجمتين وامنية في تحصيل مادة الكيمياء عند طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسطولتحقيق هدف البحث تم اتباع المنهج التجريبي ذو الضبط الجزئي وتم تحديد مجتمع البحث بطلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط لجميع المدارس الثانموية والمتوسط التابعة لمديرية تربية الكرخ الثانية وتم اخنيار احد هذه المداس بصورة قصدية لتطبيق تجربة ابلبحث الحالي

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 05 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Red Ginger's Anti-Anxiety Effect on BALB/c Strain Mice (Mus musculus) Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Measurements as Anxiety Model
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There is a correlation between the occurrence of anxiety and the production of inflammatory mediators, and red ginger rhizome is a well-known herbal product with a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that can be used as anti-inflammatories and antioxidants. The aim of study to evaluate the effect of red ginger as antianxiety in mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain by measuring levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10.  Anxiety model mice were carried out by giving treatment with the Forced Swimming Test (FST) for 7 days then assessed by carrying out the Elevated Plus Maze for Mice (EPM) test for one day. After the treatment, the anxiety mice model was made, followed by administration of red ginger ethanol extract therapy for 14 days.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Toxicity of Nanomulsion of Castor Oil on the Fourth larval stage of Culex quinquefsciatus under Laboratory Conditions
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Mosquitoes like Culex quinquefasciatus are the primary vector that transmits many causes of diseases such as filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile virus, in many countries around the world. The development in the scientific fields, such as nanotechnology, leads to use this technique in control programs of insects including mosquitoes through the use of green synthesis of nanoemulsions based on plant products such as castor oil.  Castor oil nanoemulsion was formulated in various ratios comprising of castor oil, ethanol, tween 80, and deionized water by ultrasonication. Thermodynamic assay improved that the formula of (10 ml) of castor oil, ethanol (5ml), tween 80 (14 ml) and deionized water (71ml)   was mor

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 03 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
سياسة اعداد معلم المرحلة الابتدائية في العراق ماقبل احداث 9/4/2003 نظرة نقدية , ووضع انموذجا مقترح معاصرلها
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شغلت  قضية اعداد المعلم  اهتمامات العديد من المسؤولين في قطاع التربيه والتعليم وكذلك اولياء امور الطلبه واساتذه الجامعه , ولازالت الهم الاكبر , وذلك لاختلاف سياسه اعداد المعلم من دولة واخرى وحسب الفلسفه التربويه  والمتغيرات والتطورات السريعه التي يشهدها العالم

            وفي ضوء ماتقدم , ان المعلم هو احد عناصر العمليه التربويه في اي بلد . بعد الطالب والمنه

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 12 2020
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
( مُختَصَرُ الإمام المَيدانيّ في عِلم التَّصريف ) للإمام أبي الفضل أحمد بن محمّد بن إبراهيم الميداني ( ت 518 هـ )
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    The aim of this research is to make a new investigation of a scientific thesis in Arabic Morphology in which an allusion occurred in relation to its real author and its title, there is alot of dropping and flaw when it was first applied due to depending on one written transcript

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 02 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
اثر استخدام قبعات التفكير الست على اكتساب المفاهيم التاريخية واستبقائها لدى طالبات الصف الرابع الادبي في مادة التاريخ
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Problem: Find dimensions of the problem by answering the following question: what the effect of using the Six Thinking Hats strategy to acquire the historical concepts and retain the fourth-grade students in the subject of literary history. Importance of research: current research is gaining importance in many ways, including: 1. Keep pace with the new in the field of education and modern educational strategies. 2. Shed light on innovative education strategy in the teaching of history, which is one of the materials that need to renew the tragedy of instruction methods for students. 3. Out of the monotony and traditional way of teaching to a method and a new strategy to develop the teacher and the learners thinking skills through various

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Deep Vein Thrombosis Predisposing Factors Analysis Using Association Rules Mining
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Background: DVT is a very common problem with a very serious complications like pulmonary embolism (PE) which carries a high mortality,and many other chronic and annoying complications ( like chronic DVT, post-phlebitic syndrome, and chronic venous insufficiency) ,and it has many risk factors that affect its course, severity ,and response to treatment. Objectives: Most of those risk factors are modifiable, and a better understanding of the relationships between them can be beneficial for better assessment for liable pfatients , prevention of disease, and the effectiveness of our treatment modalities. Male to female ratio was nearly equal , so we didn’t discuss the gender among other risk factors. Type of the study:A cross- secti

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2006
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Islamic call for the unity of human society and the rejection of division
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الحمد الله أولا واخرا وبعد .. إن الواقع الذي عايشه الناس في ظل دولة المسلمين منذ إقامة دولة الإسلام بعد بعثة الرسول الكريم (صلى الله عليه وسلم ) في المدينة ولأكثر من أربعة عشر قرنا نرى إنه عاش في كنف هذه الدولة الكبيرة من بلاد الصين شرقا وإلى وسط أوربا وجنوب فرنسا غربا العشرات من الملل و الأديان والأجناس وممن لا يدينون بالإسلام وهم كما تحفظ لهم دولة الإسلام منهم وعيشهم الرغيد فهم يمارسون شعائرهم وطقوسهم الديني

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