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Plain Language Movement and Legal Translation : An Analytical Study of Two Translations of a Contract of Lease from Arabic into English
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The present paper addresses one of the most challenging topics in translation; namely legal translation in the framework of two different approaches; the classical (formal) and the more recent (functional). The latter approach is the outcome of the process of simplifying legal language known technically as Plain Language Movement. The advent of this movement dates back to the 1950s, in response to the widely-held complain about the awkwardness of the legal register. Within this framework, the salient features of legal language, at the various linguistic and textual levels, underwent reconsideration in favor of more publicly digested expressions. The paper then subjects two translations of a lease contract to analysis in the light of the formal/functional dichotomy. These two texts are taken from textbooks widely accredited to train students legal translation at the Iraqi universities. The analysis revealed that the translators did not adhere to one specific approach; rather they moved smoothly from one approach to another. This is a promising change in attitude towards the rather flexible approach, and departing from the rather static one. The paper finally suggests some guidelines for investing this new tendency in training translators who have been complaining about the rigorous nature of legal translation.

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 06 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
ROLE OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ASCORBIC ACID: A REVIEW
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Vitamins play an important role in the human health, and thus they are the kind of major nutrients in the body. Chemical products perform numerous physiological functions and can jeopardize health jointly in their absence and surplus. Therefore, it is necessary to establish methods for observation vitamin levels in various molds. In this review paper, the most methods of determination used are high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), spectrophotometric and potentiometric techniques by listed the value of : slope, linear range, correlation coefficient, detection limit, the max of wavelength and PH and compared with these methods.

Publication Date
Wed Oct 15 2025
Journal Name
Sciences Journal Of Physical Education
Analytical study of the causes of winning and losing according to some technical indicators among young boxers
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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences And Applications
Direct transplant of melanocytes from normal donor area into vitiligenous recipient area by intralesional injection of melanocytes using spade like needle technique
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KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, ZN Al-Khafaji…, Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 2016 - Cited by 2

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2022
Journal Name
Sport Tk-revista Euroamericana De Ciencias Del Deporte
Analytical study of the reality of the application of administrative automation in sports clubs
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The primary objective of this study was to identify the obstacles and problems encountered in the work of sports clubs according to the reality of the application of administrative automation. The present study was conducted in the sports club headquarters of Baghdad within the timeframe of October 2021 to December 2021. In the present study, a descriptive approach was used by the researchers in an analytical style according to the nature of the problem to be studied. The research community of the current study was composed of 100 sports clubs in the governorate of Baghdad. A total of 80 questionnaires were filled by the sample participants, who represented a percentage of 80% of the research community. After processin

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The difficulties facing literary sixth students in studying modern and contemporary history from their point of view
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  The research aims to find out the difficulties of studying the subject of modern and contemporary history and its proposed solutions from the point of view of the students of the literary sixth in the secondary schools of the Directorate of Education Rusafa I-Baghdad, the research community of students of the literary sixth stage, which Number(150) students,and to achieve the- And Fisher's equation-and percent weight).The results showed the existence of a number of real difficulties achieved for the study of modern and contemporary history of the sixth literature, and the data showed the existence of Unreal difficulties diagnosed from the students ' point of view .In light of this, the researcher dev

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Is it possible to teach translation in the classroom?
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Employment of Electronic Communication Technology in Public Relations: Employment of Electronic Communication Technology in Public Relations
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This research aims at studying the websites of Iraqi ministries to determine the extent of the use of electronic communication in the practice of public relations' activities through these sites, which represent a formal means of communication between the ministry and its people.
The research consists of three chapters: chapter one studies the methodological framework of the research; chapter two includes three units: unit one studies technologies of electronic communication including its concept, features and types; unit two studies electronic publications i.e. its concept and features; and unit three deals with designing the electronic websites .it ends with chapter three which is divided into two sections: section one studies the

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Algal study in springs and streams from Shaqlawa district, Erbil Province, Iraq I- Euglenophyta
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In an intensive study of the various species of the Euglenophyceae under different environmental conditions, the algal samples were collected monthly in twelve springs and six related streams from September 2019 to August 2020 within Shaglawa district-Erbil Province in virgin areas for phycolimnological study. Twenty species of Euglenophyceaen are identified as a new record for the algal flora. These taxa consist of Colacium vesiculosum, Lepocinclis salina and L.wangi, Eutreptia viridis, Euglena chlamydophora, E. clavata,

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Assessing liquidity to improve bank’s profitability : An applied research - in a number of – Iraqi private banks
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The current research aims to evaluate liquidity (as an independent variable) to improve the bank’s profitability (as a dependent variable ), by the bank’s ability to maximize its profits from its business results without excessive bank’s  liquidity, so that may affect negatively affects the bank’s reputation and it’s dealers confidence in facing their financial obligations. and this may lead trying to come out among other recommendations including contributing to obtain, the bank’s ability to achieve liquidity balance to maximize its profits. This research has been applied to the sample induced intentionally by choosing three Iraqi private banks. The researcher used financial indicators to assess the bank’s liq

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of training in promote banking compliance monitor procedures: An applied research in a sample of Iraqi banks
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 Training has occupied a leading position in a large number of developed and developing countries alike in order to develop the skills of workers in line with the changes and developments of the era, including monitoring compliance in banks, which is one of the most important jobs in banking work to trailing and monitor the bank’s compliance with laws, regulations and instructions in order to achieve its goals Therefore, the problem of this research focuses on the following question: What is the role of training in enhancing banking compliance at the present time? In order to clarify the relationship between the main and sub-research variables, two main hypotheses and three sub-hypotheses were formulated for each hypothesis, and t

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