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«Официальные обращения в русском и арабском языках»
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Введение

Международные контакты обусловили интерес к изучению основной формы общения – диалога. Форма диалога в каждом из контактирующих в процессе общения языков должна быть рассмотрена в разных аспектах – не только лингвистическом, но и социолингвистическом и этическом. Это объясняется тем, что в речевой коммуникации необходима как адекватность выражения мысли, так и соблюдение традиционно установленных норм речевого этикета.

В публикуемых диалогах, бесседах, докладах, выступлениях, лекциях в первую очередь привлекают внимание принятые в разных языках системы обращения, свойственные им сходства и отличия, традиционное и новое.

Обычаи, нравы, этические вкусы, нормы поведения сложились у каждого народа исторически, они отражаются в языке и определяют речевой этикет ‒ «правила речевого поведения, закрепленные в системе устойчивых выражений, принятые данным коллективом носителей языка на определенном этапе развития общества в особых ситуациях общения членов коллектива»1.

ِAbstract

International communications created an interest in the study of formal forms of communications and dialogues. Forms of dialogues in language practice have different types׃ linguistical, social and ethical, which is evident in dialogues. It is necessary to have sufficient types of dialogues and communications. Where conventions and traditions, wich are bases for the speech etiquette, have to be considered.

 

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of Bifidobacterium Probiotic in the Treatment of Giardiasis Infection in Mice
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Metronidazole therapy is recommended in the treatment of giardiasis,athough some clinical reports mention the resistance to this drug from many pathogens. Many studies were applied to show the effect of probiotic to prevent or to heal diseases of gastrointestine, but only few is known about probiotic activity against infections of protozoa. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of Bifidobacterium against infection with Giardia lamblia   in experimental mice. It was found that daily application of viable Bifidobacterium cells with a single dose (0.1ml∕mice∕day) significantly reduced the shedding of Giardia lamblia parasite cysts in feces, and infection completely disappeared at the da

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 15 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Commercial Job in Abu Tayara Street in the Municipality of Al- Dora
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The commercial job is one of the most important businesses in the cities as there is no city can exist without commercial markets to offer service to its inhabitants. This study aims to distribute the commercial function in Abu Tayara Street located in the municipality of Al-Dora by highlighting the size of such businesses in this street. It focuses on analyzing the change that has occurred due to the usages of the commercial land not only in the residential areas, but also in various aspects associated with the growth of the population in the city. Both expansion and development of the economic and social aspects in the area have increased the demand for commercial services. So, the research focuses on the aspects of functional speciali

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Publication Date
Sat May 16 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Information technology and replacement system in decision-making in the city
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IT has its impact on all aspects of life, including its planning and operations. Based on the assumption that the plan can adapt any technique as an analytical tool within broader dimensions to include society in general and meet the requirements of that society. They have neutral values, meaning and usefulness rather than being adopted as abstract goals or objectives so that the planner or the decision-maker can benefit greatly from them. This information technology is summarized in three main axes: First: Geographic Information Systems. Second: computer modeling. Third: visual simulation and the Internet. The problem of research is that the decision-making environment of the plan is surrounded by uncertain information-planning conditio

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
التعددية الحزبية في العراق في ظل غياب قانون الاحزاب
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التعددية الحزبية في العراق في ظل غياب قانون الاحزاب

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2006
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Grammarians’ opinions on stopping and tilting in Al-Kanz by Al-Wasiti
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Praise be to God, and may blessings and peace be upon our master and Prophet Muhammad and those who follow him, and may God be pleased with him

Taha is my guardian and whoever follows their path until the Day of Judgment. And after... The book (The Treasure in the Ten Recitations), written by Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Abd al-Wasiti, who died in the year 710 AH, is considered one of the important books in recitations: because it included the universal custom that it contained in the books Al-Taysir by Al-Dani and Al-Irshad by Al-Falanisi, as the first of them was specialized.

Satisfy the second with the ten readings

May God bless my time, through His grace and generosity, to achieve this treasure and to publish it

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Fairness in the ancestral quarrel at the meeting of subordinate and representative metaphors
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Having signed my eyes on the manuscript labeled (equity in the ancestral quarrel at the meeting of subordinate and representative metaphors) I was impressed by the process of achieving it; That manuscript came to light; to be seen by specialists in Arabic rhetoric and students of science, and supplement the library of rhetoric one of the sources ..

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Violence and Extremism in Iraq: Approaches to Motives and Means of Confrontation
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     After the year 2003, Iraq went through multiple waves of violence and at different levels on the security, intellectual, political and social levels. Behind that stood several motives and incentives to enable violence that represented the first axis of research, the most important of which was the political motives that circulated an atmosphere that politics against society and transformed power into a field of political brutality against the individual and the group at once. There are also cultural, intellectual, media and economic motives such as weak cultural independence, poverty, marginalization, unemployment and want, and the absence of a media discourse that rejects violence but incites it, on the other ha

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 04 2016
Journal Name
مجلة التراث العلمي العربي
نهر الخوصر في نينوى في ضوء تقانة التحسس النائي
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الخلاصة إن لنهر الخوصر دور اساسي في التاريخ الحضاري لمدينة نينوى الاثرية فأن البحث حول مجرى هذا النهر وتحليل الوضع الجيومورفولوجي السابق له وعلاقته مع الوضع السياسي والاقتصادي السابق للمدينة الاثرية، بالأعتماد على تقنية التحسس النائي وتفسير الصور الجوية، لسهولة توفرها ولتكاملها الهندسي واستعمالاتها المتعددة وتكلفتها القليلة مقارنة مع التقنيات الاخرى، سهل الوصول إلى ان مجرى نهرالخوصر الحالي داخل مدينة

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Some indicators of the economic productivity in the industrial sector in Iraq
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Industry represents a cornerstone of the process of economic development and a measure of progress and contribute to increased prosperity and high standard of living.

The researcher analyzed the productivity indicators in industrial facilities large and small at several time periods ranging from 1970 to 2009, according to the economic situation that prevailed in each period.

    Different impact of periods under discussion, it made ​​Iraq the cash surpluses during the period 70-1980 then the effects of the war after 1980 and the economic blockade since 1990, and the subsequent events of the year

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
THE SUSTANABLE MARKETING IMMUNITY OF TOURIST OF BUSINESS IN LIGHT OF THE PANDEMIC-CORONA (COVID-19) AN APPLIED RESEARCH IN TRAVEL AND TOURISM COMPANIES IN BAGHDAD: THE SUSTANABLE MARKETING IMMUNITY OF TOURIST OF BUSINESS IN LIGHT OF THE PANDEMIC-CORONA (COVID-19) AN APPLIED RESEARCH IN TRAVEL AND TOURISM COMPANIES IN BAGHDAD
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The research aims to how to deal with certain situation to ensure the continuous competitive excellence of business market under the situation of covid-19, especially how to deal with major challenges, identifying the capabilities of tourism industry, investigating the ability of tourism agencies to resist the dynamic change of both internal as well as external environment to ensure their sustainability.

The important here as the paper notice, is how to be efficient and trying to find solutions in order to grow and survive through choosing certain strategies that aligned the critical issues.

Thus to achieve this level, many scenarios planed that could adopt in case of such pande

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