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LA CONDICIONALIDAD EN ÁRABE Estudio lingüístico y traductológico CONDITION IN ARABIC: Linguistic study and translation
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La condicionalidad en árabe, supongo como en otras lenguas, constituye una noción amplia que puede expresarse mediante diferentes construcciones sintácticas. La mayor parte de los especialistas coinciden en señalar que las estructuras condicionales son, probablemente, la clase más compleja de expresión compuesta en árabe. Se utilizan para expresar una condición de la que depende la realización de lo expuesto en la oración principal. Las estructuras condicionales son una de las principales vías lingüísticas de las que dispone el individuo para expresar su capacidad de imaginar situaciones diferentes a las reales; de crear mundos posibles; de soñar con situaciones pasadas que podrían haber sido diferentes; de ocultar lo factual tras la apariencia de lo contingente.

           En árabe la prótasis es generalmente un sintagma verbal[1], y lo mismo ocurre con frecuencia en la apódosis, con el verbo en perfectivo o en yusivo aunque sin que ello conlleve un sentido temporal preciso.

 

[1] ‘Abbās Ḥasan, 1974, an-Naḥū al-Wāfi,  dār al-Ma‘ārif  al-Miṣriyya, El Cairo, 3ª edición, tomo IV, pág.471.

Abstract

Conditionality in Arabic is supposed, as in other languages, a broad concept that can be expressed by different syntactic constructions. Most experts agree that the conditional structures are probably the most complex kind of expressions in Arabic. They are used to express a condition on which the realization of what transpired in the main clause depends. Conditional structures are one of the main avenues of language available to the individual to express their ability to imagine different situations to real; create possible worlds; dreaming of past situations that could have been different; hide what factual after the appearance of the contingent.

In Arabic the protasis is usually a verb phrase, and the same happens frequently in the apodosis, with the verb in perfective or jussive although without incurring a precise temporal sense.

The conditional sentence in Arabic is called (aj-jumlah ash-shartiya الجملة الشرطية) which consists of two juxtaposed prayers, the first in Spanish, has different names; protasis, background, hypothesis, simply called in Arabic (jumlatu ash-shart جملة الشرط, the second is apodosis, therefore, conditioned or consequential, and Arabic is called (تawābu ash-shart - جواب الشرط) although it may be preceded in some cases by linking elements as ف, سوف, ل, etc ... - introduced by a conditional particle أداة شرط.

                       If + protasis (antecedent) + apodosis (consequent)

As to the order of the clauses, in Arabic, what is that characteristic protasis precedes the apodosis. This prototypical anteposistion of the subordinate clause is defended and required school basraui (the Basra), and is the usual structure: + connector + protasis apodosis; if you shut up, I'll buy you a gift, ان تسكت فسأشتري لك هدية, whereas if the order is reversed, the apodosis this ommited. On the other hand, another school of Kufa and some Arab grammarians accept the preemption of apodosis.

We try to focus light on the translation of conditional markers that on many occasions, from a grammatical perspective, not regarded as conditional. However, these structures express conditionality in Arabic.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 12 2012
Journal Name
Institute Of Advanced Studies In English
Cohesive Devices in English and Arabic with Analysis of Two of Hemingway's Novels and their Translations
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DBN Rashid, 2012 - Cited by 2

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Deep Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel by Guard Bed Adsorption of Activated Carbon and Locally Prepared Cu-Y Zeolite
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Desulfurization of a simulated diesel fuel by different adsorbents was studied in a fixed-bed adsorption process operated at ambient temperature and pressure.  Three different adsorption beds were used, commercial activated carbon, Cu-Y zeolite, and layered bed of 15wt% activated carbon followed by Cu-Y zeolite.Initially Y-zeolite was prepared from Iraqi rice husk and then impregnated with copper. In general, the adsorbents tested for total sulfur adsorption capacity at break through followed the order Ac/Cu-Y zeolite>Cu-Y zeolite>Ac. The best adsorbent, Ac/Cu-Y zeolite is capable of producing more than 30 cm3 of simulated diesel fuel per gram of adsorbent with a weighted average content of 5 ppm-S, while Cu-Y zeolite producing of

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Language formats in contemporary Arabic poetry in Iraq Areading from a functional perspective
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Numerous academic and critical studies concerned with the language of poetry, with the differences and diversity in these studies and the critical methods. , the study tries to study this modern approach in the language Iraqi and Arabic poetry according to analyzing and following the functional dimension of the language, regardless of its poetic value which should be on them, as each poetic experience has its own language, thestudy came to investigate the variety of poetry samples, poets from different and far generations. - in an attempt to give an image Career dimension of language, the center of intellectual transformations that have affected the experience of Arabic poetry generally, and the level of language to be exact, as a tool f

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
An Investigation of Iraqi Fourth-Year University Students’ Recognition of Presupposition Through The Linguistic Triggers
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Presupposition is the background belief that is known by both the speaker and the addressee, it is tied to particular words and aspects of the surface structure that act as linguistic triggers. The present study aims at investigating whether Iraqi fourth -year university students are able to recognize the English presuppositions through the meaning of these linguistic triggers .To fulfil the basic requirements of the study, the researcher has conducted a test . The results of the study have validated the hypothesis of the work and it is found that the linguistic triggers are important tools in recognizing presuppositions.    

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation of waste sorting and recycling laboratory in Mahmudiya (case study)
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The daily practices of humans produce various types of waste, which are a threat to the health and environment surrounding it, especially after the increase in quantities as a result of population growth and technological development, and here came the need for recycling solid waste as one of the modern concepts that achieve environmental benefits, The aim of the research is to evaluate the project of sorting and recycling of solid waste in the district of Mahmoudiya and whether its work is sustainable ,Conforming to modern standards, using standard checklists to determine the gap between the current laboratory reality and the requirements of those standards , Using the case study methodology as the most appropriate approach

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Comparative Study for Organic and Inorganic Draw Solutions in Forward Osmosis
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The present work aims to study forward osmosis process using different kinds of draw solutions and membranes. Three types of draw solutions (sodium chloride, sodium formate, and sodium acetate) were used in forward osmosis process to evaluate their effectiveness with respect to water flux and reverse salt flux. Experiments conducted in a laboratory-scale forward osmosis (FO) unit in cross flow flat sheet membrane cell.  Three types of membranes (Thin film composite (TFC), Cellulose acetate (CA), and Cellulose triacetate (CTA)) were used to determine the water flux under osmotic pressure as a driving force. The effect of temperature, draw solution concentration, feed and draw solution flow rate, and membrane types, were studied with

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Efforts in cataloging manuscripts some Arab and international libraries
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The Arab Islamic Manuscripts in the science libraries humanly global heritage in different types of knowledge and science, as they were not confined to a particular flag but extended to include all kinds of science, and to facilitate the knowledge of these types of manuscripts has been necessary to operate them indexed in most libraries , because it is important in determining the size of those manuscripts and set them up and facilitate the work of the investigators, as well as the significance of indexing to know printed manuscripts in order to avoid repetition of the publication of the manuscript more than once, especially if the deployment is to be characterized by accurate scientific integrity and following the origins of the scienti

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 21 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The effect of technology on achieving contemporary levels in the space of Arab Islamic architecture “Mosques is a case study”
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Arab-Islamic architecture has undergone a change at multiple levels affected by modern technology, so the research sought to address the role of contemporary technologies on a fundamental and fundamental component of architecture, which is the architectural space, what is known as the essence of architecture and its ultimate destination, with a focus on the architectural space in the architecture of the contemporary Arab Islamic mosque, because the mosque’s architecture is so important in Islamic law and the belief of the Muslim person himself, where the mosque is the functional style produced by the Islamic faith and embodied in it, whereas, knowing the levels of influence of contemporary technologies in the architectural spac

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 11 2024
Journal Name
مجلة الترجمة واللسانيات
ترجمة افعال الاستمرارية من العربية الى الاسبانية (دراسة تحليلية وتطبيقية)
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ان ترجمة الافعال التي تصف احداث جارية وقت لحظة التكلم او في حالة استمرارية تفصح عن اختلافًا جذريا بين الإسبانية والعربية بسبب طبيعة الأفعال التي تصف هذه الأحداث، منها تعقيد بعض الصيغ، خاصة باللغة العربية، وعدم التكافؤ النحوي بين اللغتين في الكثير من البنى اللغوية. بهذا المعنى ، نجد أنه في اللغة العربية ، تتم صياغة هذه الظواهر اللغوية عن طريق أفعال تسمى الأفعال الناقصة التي تختلف طبيعتها ووظيفتها داخل الجملة

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 22 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Cost Management of construction industries according to the fast-track method
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Construction projects have become a changing dramatically in recent decades and that the goal of the beneficiaries of the implementation of structural project is to complete the work with less time and within the cost of the specific and the best possible quality may sometimes happen that highlights the importance of time on the rest of the items at the implementation of projects for various reasons, including the need to use the project as soon as possible possible change rapidly to customer's requests, but the high cost of the project represents the biggest obstacle for entrepreneurs with its effects on the quality and the time workers, and is a measure of those elements in monetary terms is the key to integration between them, so the

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