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L’imaginaire de l’épidémie dans La Peste d’Albert Camus et Le Choléra de Nazik al-Malaika The Imagination of Epidemic in Alber Kamo's Novel " Plague" and Nazik Al-Malaekah's poem "Cholera"
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The present study deals with the story of Epidemic in two literary works issued in the same year (1947). One of them is a novel titled "Plague" written by the French writer Alber Kamo, the second is a poem of the Iraqi poetess Nazik Al-Malaekah. The research reflects a contrastive study of the war vision in the two works as both writers used science to serve literature by using Epidemic as a metaphor to refer to the dangers that the societies faced.

The problem of the present research lies in answering the question about the reason that makes the two writers use metaphor while narrating the issues of the society instead of mentioning them directly and illuminate what implications do the narrative style of Epidemic story have and the story of war does not have?

The research consists of three main chapters. The first chapter studies the narrative aspects of the two works clarifying the characteristic of narration in the story of Epidemic. The second chapter deals with the image of war and its meanings in the two works while chapter number three deals with the two writers' premonition about the danger that threatened humanity which was considered more than being a mere Epidemic.

The results of the research show that using metaphor to refer to the war and the bad conditions in the society comes from the view that the epidemic (whether Plague or Cholera) is a kind of disease that we can not put an end to completely as it goes through sabbatical periods and then reactivates upon the availability of the factors that help to spread it. At that time, the condition of society is threatened by instability. The plague which was spread in Wahran –a city in Algeria and which Kamo narrates its details is a metaphor about the second world war and the Germanic's occupation to France as there are clear hints about this in the text, While, Nazik               Al-Malaekah mentions death that came as a result of the widespread of Cholera in Egypt. She mentiones in her memories that she heard that the number of the dead people increased from six hundreds to one thousand, a matter which makes her write this poem. In fact, this news was a stimulus for her to express the Iraqi condition particularly and the Arab Homeland generally as well as to express the persecutions, oppressions and murders that they suffer from "death is what humanity complains from" as the poet explains.

Choosing epidemic as a frame and a narrative material to talk about an era in which the political and social conditions suffered from instability is a means to express. Thus , disease and here epidemic has numbers of historical, scientific and paranormal implications which can really reflect the status of the society. Epidemic is not only a disease that infects an individual or group of people but it is an uncontrolled, fast-spreading danger whose treatment tends to be impossible a matter which makes AL-Malaekah consider death a remedy from this epidemic. Thus, it is an extreme case of disability and horror which the epidemic causes. The two writers call for choosing such images to talk about the miseries that affect the humanity. Historically, epidemic registered numbers of stories that reflects the disasters that affects the humanity. Kamo mentions and numerates the plagues and its victims through different periods. Thus, epidemic is an inclusive case of expression.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2024
Journal Name
Partial Differential Equations In Applied Mathematics
The modeling and mathematical analysis of the fractional-order of Cholera disease: Dynamical and Simulation
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In this study, a cholera model with asymptomatic carriers was examined. A Holling type-II functional response function was used to describe disease transmission. For analyzing the dynamical behavior of cholera disease, a fractional-order model was developed. First, the positivity and boundedness of the system's solutions were established. The local stability of the equilibrium points was also analyzed. Second, a Lyapunov function was used to construct the global asymptotic stability of the system for both endemic and disease-free equilibrium points. Finally, numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis were carried out using matlab software to demonstrate the accuracy and validate the obtained results.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages
The Multifunctional Morphemes in Kurdish Language the Morpheme Le as an example
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Sun Aug 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
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The Coverage of Health Topics in Iraqi Press An analytical Study of Two Newspapers entitled 'al-Sabah and al-Mada' from January 1, 2007 to October 31, 2001
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The current study aims to cover  the health topics  in the Iraqi  journalism ,  to know  the concern 's level  of the Iraqi journalism  when  covering  the health subjects and to know the size of its performance  under the diversity of  visual and audio medias. The researcher has discussed his research by wording it with a set of inquiries   that should be answered via the research and study.  He could have determined that by the following:

What is the concern's level of Iraqi journalism over the health subjects?  What are the forms and press arts that are functionalized by the Iraqi journalism as to get the health message to the republics?  What is t

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Publication Date
Mon May 21 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 12 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The semantic research of Al-Maarri in his book the ulna feel and its ablution
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Abu Al-Ala Al-Ma’arri is a linguist and writer who showed his prowess in poetry, so he had poetry collections, including “The ulna fell,” which is one of the books that attracted the attention of scholars such as (Tabrizi, Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Bateliusi and Al-Zamakhshari) .

 

To explain his language in it, the investigators’ hands finally revealed an explanation of this book, which was the work of Abu Al-Ala Al-Ma’arri himself. Those who studied the Divan (The Zind) and its explanations or the character and language of Al-Ma’arri did not pay any attention to it. Therefore, I made this research a continuation of those efforts, using semantic research as a means of revealing Al-Maarri's ef

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
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In this study; a three-dimensional model was created to simulate groundwater in Al-Haydariyah area of the governorate of Al-Najaf. A solid model was created to utilize the cross sections of 25 boreholes in the research region, and it was made out of two layers: sand and clay. The steady-state calibration was employed in six observation wells to calibrate the model and establish the hydraulic conductivity, which was 17.49 m/d for sand and 1.042 m/d for clay, with a recharge rate of 0.00007 m/day. The wells in the research region were reallocated with a distance of 1500 m between each well, resulting in 140 wells evenly distributed throughout the study area and with a discharge of 5 l/s, and the scenarios were run for 1000

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 06 2026
Journal Name
مجلة العميد
Portryal of Imam Ali (Peace be upon him) in the Poetry of Ibn Abi Al-Hadeed Al-Mo`atazali : Seventh `Alawiat Poems
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For poets to pay a great attention to the Islamic figures and their symbolism in Islam come as a prominent phenomenon in our literature . As there is an impact of them on the brilliant history commemorated by littérateurs . As a matter of fact ، the chronicle of Imam Ali Ibin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) falls in the orbit of the focus Ibn Abi Al-Hadid Al-Mu'tazili steers to in his poems . The current research study is to trace the portrayal of Imam Ali (peace be upon them) in the poetry of Ibn Abi Al-Hadid Al-Mu'tazili ، Seventh Alwiite Poems ، as there is no a study tacking such a conjecture before. In the article there are two axes : the introduction comes as first axis portraying Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) in the wa

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Al-Yaqubi's Sources and the question of Shia partiality
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Al-Yaqubi was biased in favor of Shia. May be du to his choice of source, materials. All historians as with other human beings are biased in their attitudes and preconceptions in one degree or another as well as in one direction or another.
The choice of source materials, their nature and the use made of them is an important index for measuring the achievement of ang historian.
Several specific questions arise. What sources did author use that were either unknown to or were not employed by his predecessors and contemporaries for whatever reason?
What sources are common to al- Yaqubi and his colleagues among the early Arab historians and what evidence of tendentiousness can be ascert- ained in these? To what extent can the author

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Words worth and the Intention of AL. Sayyab Discourse
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Words worth and the Intention of AL. Sayyab Discourse

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