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 Faith and its belongings at Imam Al-Qurtubi
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The current research consists of four chapters, the first chapter of which is devoted to presenting the research problem, its importance, purpose and limitations as well as a definition of its terms, as the research was limited to knowing the effect of plant decoration in the Kufic script, while the second chapter included the theoretical framework of the research, which consisted of two topics, one of which is the plant decoration, The second relates to the Kufic script and the stages of its formation, development, and intonation. The third chapter includes the research methodology and mechanisms for analyzing the linear panels. The fourth chapter, during which the most important findings of the researcher were presented, are as follows:
First: With regard to the floral decoration that was added to the Kufic script, we note that the basis for the floral decoration is the following elements
1- Tree leaves, lobes, stems and branches.
2- Flowers and their different parts.
3- Branches, branches, and twines, which the Muslim artist took mainly in drawing many shapes and decorative paintings after he modified them and added shapes to them that he developed through his view of the original shape from all sides, so he formed boundless forms for it, a verse in creativity and mastery, even if it is far from representing nature Directly most of the time, including the following: -
1- Repeating the same vegetable shape in the same painting using symmetry or symmetry, to create a kind of balance and harmony in the painting.
2- The intertwining of the floral motifs with each other and their repetition in the form of a decorative band, or their repetition by symmetry, symmetry or reciprocity.

3- The size of the botanical shape used as a decorative element is almost close to its original size in nature and according to the size of the executed panel.
4- The decoration in general is characterized by its tendency to abstraction, and does not adhere to the forms of nature from which it was quoted.
5- The botanical decorative elements are often characterized by continuity (that is, they have no beginning or end) (open design).
6- By tracing the Islamic floral motifs in their different forms and in general terms, we find that they differ in the accuracy of their representation of nature, according to the ages and regions.
7 - The plant decoration entered the Kufic letter itself, and its decoration, especially the heads of vertical letters such as alpha, lam, fold, and zaha, so I took many forms, including paper, flower, and palm trees, and the vertical letters were linked with different decorative braids, to achieve an aesthetic shape in the linear painting, and also entered the decoration Botanical on the beginnings and ends of other letters, but in a simpler form.
8- The floral motifs play their role in decorating the spaces that are inherently free from the alphabet, that is, to balance the writing in the base of the linear painting
9- The development of the way to fill in the blanks in the Kufic handwriting, making the Kufic letter a complex decorative letter, sometimes difficult to distinguish.
10- Finally, the improvement of the Kufic script and its decoration is clear evidence of the influence of the plant decoration in the Kufic script and its popularity and its preservation, while retaining its aesthetic value and its originality for a long period of time and in various technical and applied fields.
     However, this distance from nature was not the result of a weakness in observation or a lack of ability. Rather, it is most likely intended for its own and perhaps it arises from the belief of the Muslim believer.
Second: With regard to the Kufic script.
1- The intonation of Arabic calligraphy is based on developing simple letters into decorative letters. These fonts and scripts were used in various technical and applied fields, and its types reached dozens.
  2- In addition to the fact that the Arabic calligraphy is an expressive tool, it represents a rich artistic field, as the letter alone is stripped, so artists used it as an abstract symbol or art form, from the meaning of words and its distribution on an approach that creates a kind of sensual and visual excitement within a creative and creative aesthetic framework.
3 - The kufic script was destined to become a decorative tool after it acquired the character of dryness in the kufa. The Holy Qur’an was the first motive for mastering writing and improving the calligraphy, because it was necessary to codify it in a manner commensurate with its sacred status. The second to learn and improve writing.
4- The indirect effect as a result of the theory of prohibition or hatred for the drawing attributed to the Islamic faith has had an impact on the intonation of the calligraphy, provided that the development of the kufic calligraphy and its advancement and exit from its homeland to neighboring countries since the end of the second century AH. The completeness and maturity of this decorative phenomenon of calligraphy in the third century AH.
5 - The hatred of the Muslim artist for the space in the calligraphy also called him to improve the calligraphy and its decoration, in addition to the decoration of the painting itself. This sometimes makes him overuse in repeating the decoration, in order to seek it.
1 - The possession of the Kufic script has morphological characteristics, which make it possible to twist, shape and absorb the decorative floral patterns.
2- The Kufic script has stylized attributes, since the single letter has a single shape and a continuous shape (in the beginning, in the middle, and in the end).
3- The possibility of overlapping letters on top of each other, which helps to use short spaces for many words and letters.
4- The ability of the letter to give a diversity in the rhythm (through the exchange of curves, extensions and symmetry) and a diversity in sensation (because the Kufic script evokes the sporty engineering beauty).
Blessed by writing the Quranic verses in Kufic script and his intonation, made him possess an important and parallel position to intonate the Qur’an himself, and made him close to him with a strong emotional and dogmatic affection.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 09 2022
Journal Name
مجلة كلية الاداب جامعة بغداد
Khadija Al-Hadith and her scientific role in Iraq
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Khadija Al-Hadithi was known for her love of the Arabic language. She was a distinguished and serious phenomenon in Arabic science and culture. She was born in Basra Governorate, one of the ancient and important cities in the history of Arabic grammar and one of the centers of the intellectual and scientific movement. The Basra Grammar School emerged there and made numerous achievements in the field of Arabic linguistics that remain an important source for students of the specialty.

Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Words worth and the Intention of AL. Sayyab Discourse
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Words worth and the Intention of AL. Sayyab Discourse

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Al-Yaqubi's Sources and the question of Shia partiality
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Al-Yaqubi was biased in favor of Shia. May be du to his choice of source, materials. All historians as with other human beings are biased in their attitudes and preconceptions in one degree or another as well as in one direction or another.
The choice of source materials, their nature and the use made of them is an important index for measuring the achievement of ang historian.
Several specific questions arise. What sources did author use that were either unknown to or were not employed by his predecessors and contemporaries for whatever reason?
What sources are common to al- Yaqubi and his colleagues among the early Arab historians and what evidence of tendentiousness can be ascert- ained in these? To what extent can the author

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
study Preparation and characterization ZnO nanoparticles and study of morphology at high temperature
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In context of this paper we prepare high purity powder ZnO nanostructures by chemical method at low temperature solution and study the effect off annealing at high temperature, ZnO nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by chemical method at 0Cᵒ solution. In this method, suddenly reaction is occurred between zinc acetate solution and sodium hydroxide solution at 0Cᵒ, annealing temperature of powder product surfactant plays an important role in morphological changes. The nanostructures have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and UV-visible .analysis Effect of annealing temperatures on the morphology , structure and optical properties is di

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Sources of Organizational Power Prevailing among Academic Leaders at University of Tabuk and its Relationship to Institutional Creativity from the Viewpoint of Faculty Members: شروق بنت عبد الخالق الأسمري , علي بن حسن القرني
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This study aims to examine the sources of organizational power prevailing among the academic leaders at the University of Tabuk from the faculty members’ viewpoint. The purposes behind such an aim are: to reveal the level of administrative and technical institutional creativity, the nature of the relationship between the reality of organizational power and the level of institutional creativity, and to disclose statistically the significant differences between the averages of faculty members’ responses attributed to the demographic variables (gender,  years of experience, academic degree). The study used the descriptive approach, both survey and correlational. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a simple random sample o

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 20 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Importance of obligation to the rules of professional conduct and its impact on tax revenues: An applied research in a sample of companies registered at the Department of the Public Authority for corporate taxes
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The researcher  tried to show the importance of obligation with the rules of professional conduct set by the Association of Accountants and Auditors of Iraqis when expressing an opinion the financial statements submitted tax administration and enhance the confidence of these lists, and adopted in the tax settling accounts process and its impact on tax revenues, and touched a researcher at the theoretical side of the search to the problem of research and of my Is there a trace of non- not to obligation by the rules of professional conduct in Iraq affect the tax revenue with the rules of professional conduct in tax revenue for companies research sample, the research aims to study the rules of professional conduct set by the Associatio

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
Functionalizing Iron Ore in sculptures ( Salih Al-Quraghuli / Ahmed Al-Bahrani)
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The sculpture composing of iron materials is being considered most important raw material that has been used by the modern artist ,especially period of post –modernism. The works of the two artists ( SALIH AL-QARAGHULI and AHMED AL-BAHRANI) the most important works that entailed to be studied for being using iron material in most of their sculpturing works; in works of Al-Quraghuli, we find ores composing of iron wires , animals threads and remaining of trash and to be assembled in a sculptured text with unique style in Arab Home. Moreover, we find huge works of (al-Bahrani) represented into formations characterized with its ironic flexibility, its abstracted engineering forms. Al-Bahrani solely has used iron plates represented in its

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Body Language in the Poetry of Ibn Al-Jayab Al-Farnati
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Language is a means of communication among the human beings. Every language that distinguish them from others. However, there is language common that is common of all human beings without discrimination and expression of ideas. Perhaps it is more honest that the usual language.

            The research is divided into a preface which speaks about the meaning of body language. Then we speak about body gestures like the eyes, hand, the tongue the heart reaching up the conclusion in which we found that the body language is one of the terms included in the Holy Quran, which has original roots. But this term is recently common and spread in the present time. Most of those who tack

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Natural radioactivity survey in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi Mountain Region Libya
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The measurement of natural radioactivity in a given region or country is essential to provide a reference base-line map to follow up a possible variation in future. In order to perform such measurement, the natural radioactivity was measured in different locations. The locations (50 sites) were distributed over Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi Mountain, starting from the city Al-Azeeziah in the eastern part to Wazen on the Tunisian border in the west. The measurements showed obvious variation from one site to another. The levels were fluctuating from (12.8 counts/minute) in Bir-Ayad to (45.7 counts/minute) in Gherian.
In order to investigate the cause for such variation, samples were collected from (27) sites for detailed study. The levels of natur

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Islamic Sciences
The translated text is a second launch of the text (Al-Kharja Al-Muwashah Al- Andalusian as an example
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Literary translation is one of the most difficult types of translation ,because it conveys feelings that differ from one person to another, and since the language constitutes an obstacle to understanding the Andalusian excerpts, the translators resorted to translating it, and this was a second start to the text, different from its first start, is said from the tongue of the Al-washah , The muwashshah is a poetic art that appeared in Andalusia after the Arabs entered it ,characterized by special system It differs from the traditional Arabic poem, as it has a beginning represented in the beginning of the muwashshah and several equal parts ending with differentrhymes.

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