The current research is concerned with methods of formation and their effect on the sintering process of ceramic materials. The research is divided into a number of chapters. The first chapter addressed the research structure (the research problem, importance, objective, limits, and it also defined the terms used in the research). The second chapter addressed the theoretical framework, where the theoretical framework has been divided into three sections. The first section dealt with methods of formation of ceramic materials including: Plasticizing method 2- semi-dry pressing method 3- dry pressing method 4- extrusion method 5- casting method.
The researcher found that there is a clear difference between the methods through her formation of tables and as it is clear in the research body. As for the second section, it addressed studying the raw ceramic materials that the researcher has classified into: 1- plastic raw materials 2- non-plastic raw materials. In the third section, the researcher addressed types and divisions of sintering: First: sintering in the solid state and its stages. Second: sintering with the presence of an effective liquid. Third: sintering by pressing and hot compression.
The third chapter consists of the research procedures that addressed 1- preparing the raw material. 2- Examination of the raw material through a- chemical analysis b- metal composition c- thermal microscope examination. 3- Preparing the mixtures where four hypotheses have been put and in every hypothesis, the researcher dealt with what results from mixing the materials (Silica, crock, sodium carbonate, and kaolin under various temperatures and pressure). 4- preparing the laboratory models in which the researcher tackled 1- mixing the materials 2- forming the laboratory models 3- drying process 4-burning process 5- determining the general features for the models. The researcher has conducted some experiments to determine the features of the models after the burning process according to the following: Calculating the longitudinal contraction b- water suction c-virtual space. The fourth chapter addressed and discussed the research results. The researcher reached at the results through conducting the laboratory examinations for the samples within tables (4, 5) affixed in the research. The recommendations and suggestions put forth by the researcher to complete the scientific approach for the research are as follows: 1- not to start the research before finding the oven. 2- Conducting examinations using a thermal microscope before burning 3- burning at a slow timing rate to prevent the occurrence of distortions.
The Moisture damage is considered as one of the main challenge for the experts in the field of asphalt pavement design. The aims of the present study is to modify moisture resistance of the asphalt concrete by utilizing ceramic fibers as a type of reinforcement incorporated with hydrated lime. For this purpose, a penetration grade of the asphalt cement (40-50) was utilized as a binder with an aggregate of the maximum nominal size of 12.5mm and mineral filler limestone dust. A series of specimens has been fabricated by utilizing 0.50, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 percentages of ceramic fibers. For each of these contents, another subsequent group of specimens with hydrated lime with 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 percentages were moulded. For the additi
... Show MoreThe composites were manufactured and study the effect of addition of filler (nanoparticles SiO2 treated with silane) at different weight ratios (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) %, on electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Materials were mixed with each other using an ultrasound, and then pour the mixture into the molds to suit all measurements. The electrical characteristics were studied within a range of frequencies (50-1M) Hz at room temperature, where the best results were shown at the fill ratio (1%), and thermal properties at (X=3 %), the mechanical properties at the filler ratio (2%).
The residual limb within the prosthesis, is often subjected to tensile or fatigue stress with varying temperatures. The fatigue stress and temperatures difference which faced by amputee during his daily activities will produces an environmental media for growth of fungi and bacteria in addition to the damage that occurs in the prosthesis which minimizingthe life of the prosthetic limb and causing disconfirm feeling for the amputee.
In this paper, a mechanical and thermal properties of composite materials prosthetic socket made of different lamination for perlon/fiber glass/perlon, are calculated by using tesile test device under varying temperatures ( from 20oC to 60oC), also in this paper a device for measuring rotational bendin
... Show MoreBackground: In dentistry, dentist takes the advantages of soft lining materials due to the viscoelastic properties. The major problem is the adhesion of the soft liner with the denture base material. Materials and Methods: Heat cured of high impact acrylic resin specimens prepared with dimensions 75x13x13mm for shear bond strength test, soft lining material (Refit and Mollosil) with a 3-mm thickness and used to join each two acrylic blocks. Also four specimens with the same previous dimensions utilized for chemical and physical surface analysis. The specimens grouped as control (without plasma) and experiment (with oxygen plasma) treated high impact acrylic specimens. Results: Plasma treatment increased the shear bond strength for both Refi
... Show MoreWriting in English language demands both mental skills and a suitable level of language proficiency. Some studies showed that writing anxiety has an impact on the acquisition of language learning. This study; however, teaches the cognitive strategies (PLAY & WRITE) as a writing strategy, so as to decrease students’ use of it when experiencing writing anxiety at the academic writing level. The sample has been (100) second-stage Department of English learners at the College of Education (Ibn –Rushd), in the University of Baghdad-Iraq. They have been randomly selected and divided into experimental and control groups; (50) students in each group. To achieve the objective of the study, SLWAI questionnaire has been distributed to the e
... Show MoreThe current research deals with short term forecasting of demand on Blood material, and its' problem represented by increasing of forecast' errors in The National Center for Blood Transfusion because using inappropriate method of forecasting by Centers' management, represented with Naive Model. The importance of research represented by the great affect for forecasts accuracy on operational performance for health care organizations, and necessity of providing blood material with desired quantity and in suitable time. The literatures deal with subject of short term forecasting of demand with using the time series models in order to getting of accuracy results, because depending these models on data of last demand, that is being sta
... Show MoreThe unconventional techniques called “the quick look techniques”, have been developed to present well log data calculations, so that they may be scanned easily to identify the zones that warrant a more detailed analysis, these techniques have been generated by service companies at the well site which are among the useful, they provide the elements of information needed for making decisions quickly when time is of essence. The techniques used in this paper are:
- Apparent resistivity Rwa
- Rxo /Rt
The above two methods had been used to evaluate Nasiriyah oil field formations (well-NS-3) to discover the hydrocarbon bearing formations. A compu
... Show Moreنتيجة للتطور و انفتاح الاسواق الاقتصادية عالميا ظهرت اهمية الافصاح في القوائم المالية و اعدادهايكونمبني على ( العدالة و الشفافية ) في اظهار البنود الواردة فيها ، و لان هذه القوائم تعد لا كثر من جهة مستفيدة ( اصحاب المصلحة ) سواء كانوا مستثمرين او مقرضين او هيئات حكومية حيث يجب اعدادها بطريقة اكثر شفافية و بدون تحيز لجهة دون اخرى ،هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على اهم الفروقات الضريبية المؤجلة التي تنشأ في الوحدات الا
... Show MoreIn spite of the disappearing of a clear uniform textbook for teaching ESP at different departments and different colleges in both scientific and humanistic studies, the practitioners at those departments and colleges have to teach translation as one of the important requirements to pass the English language exam. The lack of defined translation activities is a noticeable problem therefore; the problem of teaching translation is diagnosed in that the students lack the ability to comprehend the text in English language and other translation knowledge and skills.
The study aims to suggest a translation strategy and then find out the effect of the translation strategy on ESP learners’ achievement in translation. A sample of 50 stud
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