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Shapes as an Alternative to the Word in Designing Textbooks: سحر علي سرحان-منى محمد غلام
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Shapes have differed in terms of their temporality, tools, technical variations, aesthetic functions and dimensions. The beginnings started with manual primitive techniques that have played an a significant artistic role in the ancient civilizations, then developed with the technological development and the digital technologies that encompassed various programs and specialist means in the graphic design, so that its visual outputs in the textbook that is considered a communication means that has an effect and attracts the recipient. That is what made the researcher search and investigate this topic describing the research problem as follows: What are the shapes as alternatives to the words in the design of the textbook? The research objective is to identify the shapes in the design of the textbook (the book of reading issued by the directorate of curricula in the ministry of education). The second chapter is dedicated to the theoretical framework which consists of the following sections. The first section (the concept of shape in the design), the artistic styles in employing shapes. The second section (the semiotic dimension for employing the typographical shapes in designing the textbook, the expressive-communicative dimension for employing the shapes). The researcher then dealt with the most important indicators the resulted from the theoretical framework. The third chapter consists of the research procedures, then the analysis of samples. The two researchers analyzed (5) models according to the axes derived from the indicators concluded from the theoretical framework. The fourth chapter is dedicated for presenting and discussing the results as follows:

1- The use of technology in employing the shapes in designing and writing of books and educational curricula led to promoting scientific material that is linked to the essence of the design process in terms of the recipient's visual communication.

2- Shapes have not been employed as a substitute to the word rather as an alternative, in most of the pages and that has appeared in all the samples. As for the conclusions, it included a group: the book pages included shapes of various sizes and colors. Thus the primary school textbooks depend on shapes of various sizes and forms and that has a positive effect on the book aesthetics and the level of influence of the shapes on students (the recipient).

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The proportionality of decision taken to sign the AL-Ayadi residential investment project within the Hittin neighborhood in Baghdad by Urban filling style
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This research will deal in a simple way with the concept of urban expansion and taking the decision to sign the spatial signature of residential investment projects in order to reach through them in a real way to the extent of the proportionality of the decision taken, in light of the fulfillment of the conditions that must be met in the matter of making the decision of the spatial signature of the residential investment project and the extent of commitment to them, in which the conditions are: (Ease of access to services and transportation, adequacy of services, commitment to urban land uses) when establishing the investment project represented by the Al-Ayad residential project in the Hittin neighborhood of Al

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 06 2018
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
التخطيط التخطيط العمراني والسكاني لمدينة بغداد في عهد الوالي العثماني محمد رشيد الكوزلكي 1852-1857
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I've dealt with my research is marked by ((urban and population planning for the city of Baghdad, during the reign of the Ottoman governor Muhammad Rashid Alkozlki 1852-1857)), a set of facts and incidents historical with the physical and demographic dimension, which passed on the history of the city of Baghdad on the fifth of the nineteenth century the contract during the Ottoman control Iraq, which lasted almost nearly four centuries

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The use of analytical procedures to detect Earning Management Practices
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            That analytical procedures are of analytical tools important because it gives assurance to the auditor-free financial statements of the economic units replace the audit of cases offraud and errors and distortions, and thereby to increase the effectiveness of the audit process and confirm the possibility oftrust and reliance on the financial statements that Adfgaha auditor.
Inspite of identify evidence of proof necessary to enhance the auditor's opinion the results reached in the audit p

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 24 2025
Journal Name
Desalination And Water Treatment
Removal of lead, cadmium, and copper from wastewater using Cinnamon bark waste to introduce it as a value-added product: Removal, kinetics and thermodynamics study
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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2016
Journal Name
Chem Istry & Chem Ical Technology
SYN TH ESIS, CH ARACTERIZATION AN D AN TIM ICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF N EW N UCLEOSIDE AN ALOGUES FROM BEN ZOTRIAZOLE
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Novel derivatives of 1-(´1, ´3, ´4, ´6-tetra benzoyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl)-1H- benzotriazole and 1-(´1, ´3, ´4, ´6-tetra benzoyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl)-1H- benzotriazole carrying Schiff bases moiety were synthesised and fully characterised. The protection of D- fructose using benzoyl chloride was synthesized, followed by nucleophilic addition/elimination between benzotria- zole and chloroacetyl chloride to give 1-(1- chloroacetyl)- 1H-benzotriazole. The next step was condensation reaction of protected fructose and 1-(1-chloroacetyl)-1H- benzotriazole producing a new nucleoside analogue. The novel nucleoside analogues underwent a second conden- sation reaction with different aromatic and aliphatic amines to provide new Schiff b

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 04 2018
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
آل الاشعث آل الأشعث وموقفهم من مقتل الخليفة علي وولده الحسن (عليهما السلام)
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The research position ofAl-A'shath from ahlulbayt lies theimportance of research to clarify the exten of resentment and hatred which carries these owners of family household and the reason for hatred and animosity dates bach to his place and the hom of the people of the house of god and the prophet and the people the research is divided in to introduction and tow section and the ring included afirstsectionA'shath bin Qais position in the murderof caliph ali the second section has included the role of the girl crumple A'shath in the venom of imam Hassan and the bottom line is that the house  of A'shath proceeded to such acts of the door of hatred and resentment and hostility lal house.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Factors Affecting Attaching Ruling to Its Cause (Illah) or to Its Reason (Hikmah): A Study in Usul Al Fiqh
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There is a theoretical controversy in the books of Usul al-Fiqh, in the past and the present, about whether the ruling should be attached to its reason (al-Hikmah), or its apparent and stable cause (al-Illah). Looking at the practical cases of the jurists, we found them sometimes attaching rulings to its reason, and sometimes to its cause, so there is a need to know the factors that affect their choices. By extrapolation, the researcher reached at nine factors that affect referring the ruling to its cause or to its reason in jurisprudential cases.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Determining the Optimal Ratio of Liquidity in Iraqi Commercial Banks for period (2005-2013): applied research using Iraqi Commercial Banks as a sample study
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  This study  focused on a fundamental issue which was represented by ability of Iraqi central bank in facing the difficulty of determining  the optimal ratio of liquidity in the Iraqi banks in terms of the balancing between its obligations to the depositors and borrowers, and liquidate their funds on one hand and the risks on the other hand.the search aimed  for achieving the goals which represented by identifying the possibility of Iraqi banks to apply the regulations rules and  instructions  issued by central bank  of  Iraq in determining  ratio  of  liquidity and  its  appropriate with Iraqi  banks  action to implement  a  reasonable  profit to&

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 25 2025
Journal Name
Iraq Acadmic Journals
The effect of an educational program using the Polya strategy on probing thinking and the application of some defensive formations in handball for students
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Browse Iraqi academic journals and research papers

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 09 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Biomolecular Structure And Dynamics
Elucidating novel antibacterial compounds from the NPASS database against the FimH lectin domain for the treatment of urinary tract infections: an in-silico study
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