This study is taken from the doctoral thesis that I prepared in the year 2000 at the University of Bordeaux in France under the title “ Ali bin Abi Talib Imam and Calif “. This thesis was prepared as a continuation of what the French orientalism Louis Massignon wrote about Islam and his student Henry Corbin, who introduced Europeans to Shiism. This study represents the philosophy of dialogue and the unity of the Islamic Emma as one of the most important methods used by Imam Ali.

Imam Ali established the most beautiful, creative, and most complete rules of human dialogue that preserve the unity of the nation’s fabric and preserves human dignity. Imam Ali referred to basic principles foundations to reach this goals, including

The research aims to identify and diagnose the public relations strategies in its digital online communications by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in managing the crisis of Iraqi refugees in Turkey. A content analysis form was designed for the digital content of the UNHCR's website dedicated to topics and issues concerning Iraqi refugees that were covered by the site, adopting a comprehensive enumeration approach. The study covered the period from 01/03/2022, to 30/06/2022. The research yielded several key findings, including the predominant use of media, advertising, and education strategies in managing the crisis of Iraqi refugees in Turkey. News and reports ranked first among the media

 This research aims at to identify the extent to which creative thinking skills Impact the change &development of Administrative Leadership styles In Administrative Leadership of the Medical City Department. Identify the nature of the relationship between them, determine the prevailing leadership style, &measure the level of creative thinking skills they have. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the descriptive analytical method was adopted.

The research tool consisted of a questionnaire consisting of (61) paragraphs, in addition to the interview & observation. The research sample consisted of (170) administrative leaders in the upper &middle organizational levels. The

Pigeons have accompanied humans since ancient time because they are used as a source of food, pets, hobby, and religious symbols. Pigeons have shown high prevalence rate of infection with gastrointestinal helminths and protozoan. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of parasitic infections in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) from October, 2017 to April, 2018, purchased from bird market of Zakho City, Kurdistan region. The samples were taken from 50 adult pigeons (28 males and 22 females). The birds were transferred to Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Zakho University. In the laboratory, each bird was sacrificed and immediately the feather and skin of under wings, chest and the rest of the

Time crosses one of the most important principles that are agreed upon in contracts, because the temporal dimension has a significant impact on all contract provisions and is not limited to a certain group of them. French and Arab legal jurists alike called for this dimension to be given special attention. That is the term of the contract term; To try to limit the temporal elements, clarify their provisions and distinguish between them, but in the Arab world it did not receive the same attention that it received in the West.

الأحكام القانونية للجرف القاري في القانون الدولي

Characteristic of money laundering phenomenon is a compound and complex nature like the style of regular crimes . These operations are planned and excuted with those who have high quality experiences to hide the evidences of their deeds so They ask the help of financials ,economicals and legists to plan for money laundering. Banks are important and suitable places for illegal circulation of money because of the different types of accounts , rapidity and overlap which emphasis of its main duty to dislocate illegal money which comes from illegal sources without adding legal characteristic to it . Here we should explain the important role of banks in striving the phenomenon –Bank should try to show and analyze inward proced

This research is a modest contribution to Put the finishing touches on therole of managerial leaders represented by static companies belonging to theministry of transport and communication/ [iraq] . the research has adopted thedescriptive. Analytical methodology and field study technique, using thequestionnaire as a tool for data collection [58] forms Nar, been distributed tothe research sample. The sample has been deliberately selected {generalmanager, as assistant general manager and heads of department}. Thequestionnaires and the main hypotheses of represented by the existence ofsignificant correlation and impact between successful managerial leadershipand crisis management using the software {SPSS}, were analyzed. Resultswere identic

Communication and media technologies have seen several changes in the last two decades. These changes put the basis for the emergence of communicative and media practices on several levels including political, economic, technological and artistic. And these, in turn, led to the emergence of new media trends and phenomena in various areas of media worthily to be studied and researched for example online advertisings.                                                                                          Online advert

The American vision of the Non-governmental Organizations in Iraq the topic area of that’s paper dealing with Civil Society as concept and practice, its already consider as Western concept and associated with liberalism and political development, they are many definitions of its but most significantly is all organizations, agencies, trade unions and non-governmental institutions, that’s agencies were established after 2003 and received funds from United States and UN development agencies. The non- governments organizations played a significant role as support and develop many cultural, healthy, educational, and social projects, also that’s organizations try to reduction the effects of terrorists actions especially after ISI