Training and retraining of teachers have become a central issue in Iraq recently especially in-service training of English teachers on the new curricula (Iraq opportunities). English teachers should be objectively evaluated and assessed.
A sample of (40) trained teachers of English is included in the study and a questionnaire is used as the main instrument of the study.
The main findings of the study were the following:
1. The trainees were serious in training on the new course (item 6) the programme helped increase their information (item 4) and motivate them towards better teaching (item 3). The aims of the programme were clear (item1). The programme helped develop their teaching skills (item 2) and was comprehensive (item 5).
2. Most of the trainees benefit from the subject of testing (item12). The programme helped most of them train on teaching methods (item7).
3. Teachers' trainers were vocational and led training sessions perfectly (items 14 and 13). They fairly used lecture formats and discussion in delivering lectures (item 15 and 16).there administration and using other combined methods were not successful (items 18 and 17).
4. Items in the table of training methods showed great shortage. (table3)
5. In the field of using training aids, whiteboard was over used (item29).
6. In table (5) duration of the course was suitable to most of the trainees (item33) but its period interfered with school timetable of the trainees (item 35). Other items showed different degrees of defect in this field.
7. In the field of evaluation. Class oral discussion was used (item 24) and a post-test at the end of the course (item 39). Other procedures of evaluation were neglected.
8. In the field of trainees needs. trainees got advantage in teaching English in the classroom (item 48) and lesson planning of different period (item 47). They were trained how to be adequate with the objective of teaching English in Iraq (item 47). They were also trained on teaching different skills (item46) and established relationship between the objectives and content of the textbooks (item 43). (Items 50, 49, 51 and 44) did not meet trainees needs' in group (A).
9. In group (B) trainees preferred printing the lectures (item 54) and discussing them in the classroom (item 53). In group (C) trainees showed that using the whiteboard was efficient (item 55). Teaching aids were not appropriate (item 56).
A conclusion and some recommendations were mentioned at the end of the research based on the findings of the study in order to improve the quality of in-service training programmes in Iraq.
Objective. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the force degradation of two types of elastomeric chains following different periods of immersion in zinc-containing mouthwashes. Materials and Methods. Four hundred and forty pieces of Elasto-Force and Super Elasto-Force elastomeric chains were divided into two control and eight experimental groups. The pieces were stretched to 25 mm on pins mounted on an acrylic block and stored in distilled water at 37°C. The experimental groups were immersed in four different types of mouthwash for one minute twice a day throughout the test period. Ten continuous thermocycles per day between cold and hot water baths (5–55°C) were carried out. Forces were measured at six-time intervals (in
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The effect of different cutting fluids on surface roughness of brass alloy workpiece during turning operation was carried out in this research. This was performed with different cutting speed, while other cutting parameters had been regarded as constants(feeding rate , and depth of cut). Surface roughness of machined parts that will be tested by electronic surface roughness tester .The results show that the standard coolant gives the best values of surface roughness for fixed cutting speed ,followed by sun flower oil that has approximately the same effect, while the air stream as a coolant gave unsatisfied results for the evaluation of surface roughness.
In the other hand the best values of surface roughness were recorded for max
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Abstract
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