Preferred Language
Articles
/
jcoeduw-320
The history of political conflicts in Zimbabwe: The history of political conflicts in Zimbabwe
...Show More Authors

Abstract
This research shows the history of political conflicts in Zimbabwe, the
merits of the political struggle for power in this country since the British
colonial period, especially after the British administration announced that
Zimbabwe is a local colony of the British Crown in 1923, as the settlement
process against the wide white deprive local people to own and lease land
and low income, as well as the 1961 Constitution, which granted access to
the white powers in accordance with the authority of the top menu for the
existing lower allocated to blacks.
These events and factors led to a national rejection in Zimbabwe,
which crystallized in the form of parties and political organizations through the
two major parties: Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) led by Joshua
Nkomo, and African National Union (ZANU), led by Robert Mugabe.
The features of political struggles for power started in Zimbabwe
during the elections in 1962 which made the whites (50) seats guaranteed to
them by the Constitution, and deprived blacks of those seats, a matter which
led the national leadership to engage with the government's white led by (Ian
Smith) in long discussions of settlement of this question which ended with the
expulsion of the country's native citizins from the local authority for ever. That
phase had revealed the dimensions of the struggle for power that was limited
between white settlers and national leaders.
But after independence, especially after the elections of 1979 which
allocated (80) seats for the local population, compared to (20) seats for whites
and the formation of the first black majority government in the country, the
features of another struggle for power between nationalists themselves
appeared, as the outcomes of the elections in 1979 which did not satisfy
some of them and led bishop Mozhuiroa to establish a new party known as
the African National Council party which won the elections, But this led to
question the legitimacy of the elections and declared a state of civil
disobedience to that government, and repeat the elections in which Robert
Mugabe won in 1980, ending by that the phase of the conflict.
The phase of cohabitation between the national party (ZAPU) and
(ZANU) came to an end, with Mugabe's reach to power after he has declared
a one-party politics, which made it more powerful than the first, especially
after the deportation of some his rivals, like Joshua Nkomo outside the
country, the liquidation of other rivals, and the declaration of the presidential
system in the country.
In 2000, another phase of power struggle appeared with the
emergence of a new opposition against the rule of Mugabe, under the name
of the movement for Democratic Change, which compete with Mugabe in the
elections of 2002, and elections of 2008, an issue which has raised a big
storm in the country, ended after the intervention of some African leaders with
Mugabe's concession the opposition as a partner in government after he

changed the form of political regime in Zimbabwe from presidential to
parliamentary, he stayed as the President of the Republic while the leader of
the opposition (Morgan Tsvangirai) became the Chairman of the Zimbabwean
government.

View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Statistical Study of the Amount of Radiation Generated from Communication Towers in the Nineveh Plain Region, Baghdeda
...Show More Authors

This research presents a statistical study of radiation generated from communication towers in the Nineveh Plain region Baghdeda. The intensity of radiation energy was measured at 10 meters away from the communication tower in different locations, using a (1PC XH-901 Dosimeter/ Personal Dose Alarm / Radiation Detector, dosage rate: 0.01 μSv/h to 150μSv/h) to measure the amount of radiation at various times. Energy densities were measured and compared with standard limits provided by other authorities, such as the International Committee for Radiation Protection. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 26 to implement the data. The results show that the means of the radiation levels measured at all the zones do not statistically differ

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus (1)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect of Financial Performance of Jordanian Islamic Banks In the Amman Stock Exchange for the period (1990-2008)
...Show More Authors

The last four decades have witnessed a number of rapid and successive international changes in terms of future impacts and orientations. International economy has transformed into a competitive small village due to the information technology revolution and the liberation processes and the economic openness that the market witnesses, there became one market and the activists in this international market are not governments only but rather international organizations and huge multinational corporations where each spares no effort to take every opportunity and face challenges within the frame of  removing all impediments and release transactions under the auspices of  these global developments, the idea of creating Islamic

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Feb 14 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Trends of Arabic Language Teachers in the Secondary Stage towards Homework
...Show More Authors

The problem of the research is indicated by answering the following questions: 1) what are the attitudes of the Arabic language teachers towards homework?

2) Do the Arabic language teachers differ in their attitudes towards homework according to their specialization? 3) Do the Arabic language teachers differ in their attitudes towards homework according to their gender (male and female)? According to the three questions asked above, we may state the following hypotheses. There is no statistically significant difference between the average of the marks of Arabic language teachers in the real practice of the scale of the attitudes towards their homework and their average in the hypothetical practice of the

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
“The Theme of Deliberate Contrasting Coincidence in Beckett's "All That Fall"”
...Show More Authors

In most of Beckett’s plays , there are prominent elements of absurdity that are landmarks of his style and the way of his writing like : the physical and the spiritual decay of characters, the disintegration of language as it becomes no longer a means of human communication because there is an inability to establish any kind of mental contact among them. These elements are quite apparent in Beckett’s “All That Fall”. The play exhibits a list of  conflicts: one is between powerful forces as that between the force of life represented by Maddy and the forces of death represented by Dan .The second is  the conflict and contempt between the old generation and the new one in the case of Dan’s desire to kill the boy fetching

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Wed Oct 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Silence as a Means of Communication in Harold Pinter’s The Caretaker
...Show More Authors

Harold Pinter’s The Caretaker(1959) clearly portrays a lack of communication among the characters of the play which refers to the condition of modern man. This failure of communication led Harold Pinter to use a lot of pauses and silences in all the plays he wrote instead of words. Samuel Beckett preceded Pinter in doing so in his plays and one way to express the bewilderment of modern man during the 20th century is through the use of no language in the dramatic works. Language is no more important to modern man; instead, he uses silence to express his feelings. Silence is more powerful than the words themselves. That’s why long and short pauses can be seen throughout all Pinter’s plays.

In this play, th

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Market Iraq Securities in activation Industrial sector Special
...Show More Authors

The financial market plays an important role in influencing the economic sectors, including the private industrial sector, through the provision of capital and transfer from savers to investors for the purpose of establishing or expanding projects. Therefore, the financial market is one of the important tools in stimulating the economy in general and the industrial sector in particular, Through the inclusion of industrial companies in the financial market and the introduction of industrial shares to the public, and then provide the necessary funding to stimulate the private industrial sector, Iraq is one of the oil-dependent countries on the oil sector mainly, which lacks industrial production, which is from Are the sectors that

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Jun 18 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Effect of Corporate Goverment in Tax Planning: An Empirical Study
...Show More Authors

The purpose of this study is discuss the effect of Corporate Governance in the Tax Planning, has been made in a sample of Iraqi Industrial contribution Companies listed in Iraqi Stock Exchange Market (ISE) , for the period from 2008 to 2012.The study used the" Experimental Research Approach" . Also used the (Modified Jones Model, 1995) in order to measure the corporate governance, to measure the extent of the practice of corporate governance in the samples companies. While it use to measure tax planning, the model that used by studies and researches of tax that adopted in discussions of tax reform, by analyzing the financial statements of companies  to reach  a measurement  for  the two variables of the study.  T

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Oct 12 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
SPECIALIZED JOURNALISM IN IRAQ : (After The Events of 09-04-2003)
...Show More Authors

The specialized Journalism plays an important role in our daily lives using all of its different ways, including news, caricature, commentary and dialogue. The specialized Journalism deserves vigilance and interest for it is caring about having a new media system. It is meant by “specialization”, first: identifying the areas of work in which the person concerned possesses great knowledge in the specialty resulting from a long experience, it also means being able to continuously develop required skills in that specialty. The specialization is not only a feature of the press, but also a feature of human development; thousands of years ago, the primitive society consisted of people from different specializations: fishermen, farmers, her

... Show More
View Publication
Publication Date
Tue Nov 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
A proposed form for the Combined Assurance report and its impact In achieving sustainable development in the Iraqi economic units
...Show More Authors

Despite the importance of sustainable development and its dimensions in developing performance and supporting competitive advantage in economic units, there is a gap and lack of coordination between Combined Assurance  providers (management, internal audit, external audit) to report on sustainable development, and the research aims to propose a model for the Combined Assurance report to achieve development sustainable development in the Iraqi economic units, especially the Baghdad Municipality, enables assurance providers to coordinate efforts that lead to the achievement of Combined Assurance, The research found the proposed model for the Combined Assurance report in achieving sustainable development in the Iraqi economic units, es

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
tourism planning and its impact in reducing the unemployment rate in Iraq for the period (1985 – 2015) An analytical study
...Show More Authors

Abstract

     The problem of the study is the main question (Can tourism planning address the phenomenon of unemployment in Iraq ?) , And the importance of the study in the fact that the tourism sector can become an effective development alternative in many countries, especially Iraq, as tourism contributes to diversify sources of income and stimulate other economic sectors , We know how important Iraq's qualifications are in the field of tourism and what it can generate on the public treasury, To confirm the current study on the need to pay attention to tourism planning for its role in providing employment opportunities that reduce the unemployment rate in the future.

 &n

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref