The present research tackles a number of historical facts and incidents with a purely legal dimension in an important stage in the contemporary history of Iraq, especially the era of the British occupation. This resulted in innumerable social, political and legal problems, particularily the judicial legislation problems in Iraq. These legislations included a set of civil laws and in force governmental procedures that will be discussed historically by examining documents issued by the Ministries of Justice and Interior Affairs in the governments of monarchy for the period from 1921-to-1958. The data of the present paper relied on the Iraqi Library and Archives, (hence DKW). The study adopted the narrative historical methodology when investigating the judicial legislations in the royal era from 1921-to-1958. The scale adopted was the contemporary measurement and evaluation in the Iraqi contemporary history. Finally, the results revealed that the history of the penal procedures in the royal era was those multiple attempts to reconcile between the two types of penal procedures that represent the history of the relationship between the individual and the state. Such legislations were set according to the circumstances of each country and to the level of its intellectual, social, political and human development to serve primarily the interests of the British occupation, and fulfill the desires of the influential class in the royal era. Because these legislations and laws were not based on modern scientific theories, many people were wronged, including the judicial authority and legal clerks who complained from their implementation and their continual application on Iraq for all this period.
This paper presents a robust control method for the trajectory control of the robotic manipulator. The standard Computed Torque Control (CTC) is an important method in the robotic control systems but its not robust to system uncertainty and external disturbance. The proposed method overcome the system uncertainty and external disturbance problems. In this paper, a robustification term has been added to the standard CTC. The stability of the proposed control method is approved by the Lyapunov stability theorem. The performance of the presented controller is tested by MATLAB-Simulink environment and is compared with different control methods to illustrate its robustness and performance.
ان مسألة الاجور الادارية من المسائل التي يعيشها الناس ويتعاملون بها وقد اشتغلت هذه المسألة استقلالاً غير اخلاقي وغير شرعي من قبل بعض المؤسسات والمصارف وقد انخدع كثير من الناس حتى وقعوا في شباكها فوقوا في الحرام. لذا فقد بينت حقيقة الأجور الإدارية وبيان موقف الشرع منها وفرق الأجور الإدارية وبين الفائدة الربوية. وعُبر عن الاجور الادارية بالمصاريف الادارية أو الرسوم الادارية أو التكاليف الإدارية ، ولم اجد حس
... Show Moreيشهد العالم المعاصر تحوالت عميقة في طبيعة التهديدات األمنية نتيجة التطور المتسارع في التقنيات الرقمية، وفي مقدمتها تقنيات الذكاء االصطناعي التي أصبحت أحد العناصر الرئيسة في تعزيز قدرات الدول األمنية والعسكرية. وفي هذا السياق، يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل استراتيجيات توظيف الذكاء االصطناعي في دعم األمن القومي العراقي، من خالل دراسة إمكانات استخدام هذه التقنيات في مواجهة التحديات األمنية المعاصرة التي يواج
... Show MoreThe Arabic language is one of the important magazines that issued in our contemporary history not only on the Iraqi level but according Arabic one as well because it considered
The Abbasid Caliphate generally paid attention to the financial aspect through the collection of resources , And also in terms of spending these resources
ВВЕДЕНИЕ Уровневая структура языка обусловила основные направления изучения язы¬ковых единиц в соответствии с их местом в языковой стратификации. Тра-дицион¬ные подходы определялись теми особенностями языковых единиц, ко-торые укладывались в рамки описания в соотношении с единицами их класса. Однако развитие лингвистической науки, формирование современных на¬правлений и подходов к изучению языка в с
... Show MoreThis work includes the synthesis and identification of ligand {3-((4-acetylphenyl)amino)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex2-en-1-one} (HL* ) by the treatment of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with 4-aminoacetophenone under reflux. The ligand (HL* ) was identified via FTIR, Mass spectrum, elemental analysis (C.H.N.), 1H and 13C-NMR spectra, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TGA and melting point. The complexes were synthesized from ligand (HL* ) mixed with 3-aminophenol (A) and metal ion M(II), where M(II) = (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd) at alkaline medium to produce complexes of general formula [M(L* )(A)] with (1:1:1) molar ratio. These complexes were detected via FT-IR spectra, UV-Vis spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis (A.A) and melting point, conductivit
... Show MoreThis work includes the synthesis and identification of ligand {3-((4-acetylphenyl)amino)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex2-en-1-one} (HL* ) by the treatment of 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with 4-aminoacetophenone under reflux. The ligand (HL* ) was identified via FTIR, Mass spectrum, elemental analysis (C.H.N.), 1H and 13C-NMR spectra, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TGA and melting point. The complexes were synthesized from ligand (HL* ) mixed with 3-aminophenol (A) and metal ion M(II), where M(II) = (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd) at alkaline medium to produce complexes of general formula [M(L* )(A)] with (1:1:1) molar ratio. These complexes were detected via FT-IR spectra, UV-Vis spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis (A.A) and melting point, conductivit
... Show MoreThis work focuses on the preparation of pure nanocrystalline SnO2 and SnO2:Cu thin films on cleaned glass substrates utilizing a sol-gel spin coating and chemical bath deposition (CBD) procedures. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the possible use of these thin films in the context of gas sensor applications. The films underwent annealing in an air environment at a temperature of 500 ◦C for duration of 60 minutes. The thickness of the film that was deposited may be estimated to be around 300 nm. The investigation included an examination of the structural, optical, electrical, and sensing characteristics, which were explored across various preparation circumstances, specifically focusing on varied
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