Background: Complete removal of filling material from the root canal is an essential requirement for endodontic retreatment. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate and compare the dissolving capabilities of various solvents (Xylene, Eugenate Desobturator, Eucalyptol, EDTA and Distilled water (as a control)) on four different types of sealer (Endofill, Apexit Plus, AH Plus and EndoSequence bioceramic sealer). Materials and method: Eighty samples of each sealer were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions and then divided into ten groups (of 8 samples) for immersion in the respective solvents for 2 and 5 min immersion periods. Each sealer specimen was weighed to obtain its initial mass. The specimens were immersed in the tested solvents for 2 and 5 min, followed by rinsing with double distilled water and blotted dry with an absorbent paper, then they were reweighed to determine its final mass. The mean of weight loss was determined for each material in each solvent during the specified immersion period, and the values were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Clear differences were shown in the solubility profile of these root canal sealers in the tested solvents. The result of the present study shows that Xylene had the greatest capacity for dissolving Endofill, Apexit Plus and AH Plus. Eugenate Desobturator, Eucalyptol and EDTA showed a highly significant dissolving capability on these sealers with variations between these subgroups; EndoSequence BC sealer is insoluble in these tested solvents. Regarding the immersion time, higher values of solubility were obtained at 5 min than that at 2 min immersion time. Conclusion: The results showed that Xylene, Eugenate Desobturator, Eucalyptol and EDTA can be used for the removal of Endofill, Apexit Plus and AH Plus during endodontic retreatment with variations between these subgroups; D.W (control group) showed the least capacity for dissolving these sealers. EndoSequence BC sealer is insoluble in the tested solvents.
Oily carwash wastewater is a high organic and chemical wastewater. This paper targeted to investigate a treatment to decrease the water consumption and contaminants in car-washing stations. Electrocoagulation combined with ultrasonic energy (Sono-Electrocoagulation) was suggested so that the carwash wastewater is treated to be reused. The effect of both the voltage and time of treatment on the removal of COD, turbidity, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were studied at constant initial pH 7 and electrode distance 2 cm. The results showed the best results of removal COD, turbidity, TDS, and reduce electrical conductivity is when the voltage was 30 V and a treatment time of 90 minutes.
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... Show MoreThere are many different methods for analysis of two-way reinforced concrete slabs. The most efficient methods depend on using certain factors given in different codes of reinforced concrete design. The other ways of analysis of two-way slabs are the direct design method and the equivalent frame method. But these methods usually need a long time for analysis of the slabs.
In this paper, a new simple method has been developed to analyze the two-way slabs by using simple empirical formulae, and the results of final analysis of some examples have been compared with other different methods given in different codes of practice.
The comparison proof that this simple proposed method gives good results and it can be used in analy
... Show MoreEvery year, millions of tons of waste glass are created across the globe. It is disposed of in landfills, which is unsustainable since it does not disintegrate into the environment. This study aims to produce reactive powder concrete by using recycled glass powder and determine the influence on the mechanical properties. This study investigated the effect of partial replacement of cement with recycled glass powder at two percentages (0, 20) % by weight of cement on some mechanical properties (Fresh density, Splitting tensile strength, Impact Strength, and voids%) of reactive powder concrete containing 1 % micro steel (MSRPC). Furthermore, using steam curing for (5 hours) at 90 degrees celsius after hardening the sample directly, RPC was
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A descriptive study, which was using an assessment approach, was conducted for the
determination of the impact of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patient’s functional disability
upon their life style. The study was carried out at the Rheumatology and outpatients clinics of ALKarama
Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Teaching Hospital AL-Kindey Teaching Hospital and Specialized
surgeries Teaching Hospital for the period of October 15th 2003 through May 13th 2004 in Baghdad
City. A purposive (non-probability) sample of (245) arthritis patients which was comprised (111)
rheumatoid arthritis patients and (134) osteoarthritis patients, was selected out of the early stated
settings. The questionnaire was comprised of
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a dietary educational program upon the hypertensive client’s
information.
Methodology: The sample of the study consists of (60) hypertensive clients who attended Al Anbar Health Office –Al
Andalus Health Center during the period of the study from the14th of March 2010 to the 30th of September 2010. The
sample is divided into two groups; study group (30) hypertensive clients who received dietary educational program
and control group (30) hypertensive clients who received a routine care from the center. Three major instruments
were used; these instruments included (1) knowledge test which was applied on both groups pretest and eight weeks
post-test (2) questions to know
Low-pressure capacitively coupled RF discharge Ar plasma has been studied using Langmuir probe. The electron temperature, electron density and Debay length were calculated under different pressures and electrode gap. In this work the RF Langmuir probe is designed using 4MHz filter as compensation circuit and I-V probe characteristic have been investigated. The pressure varied from 0.07 mbar to 0.1 mbar while electrode gap varied from 2-5 cm. The plasma was generated using power supply at 4MHz frequency with power 300 W. The flowmeter is used to control Argon gas flow in the range of 600 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm). The electron temperature drops slowly with pressure and it's gradually decreased when expanding the electro
... Show MoreThe microstructure and wear properties of 392 Al alloy with different Mg contents were studied using centrifugal casting. All melted alloys were heated to 800 ºC and poured into the preheated centrifugal casting mold (200-250 ºC) at different mould rotational speeds (1500, 1900 and 2300 r.p.m). It is clear from the results obtained that wear rate was dependent on the Mg content, applied load and mould rotational speed. Furthermore, wear test showed that the minimum wear rate was found in the inner layer of produced rings at mould rotational speed of 1900 r.p.m and Mg content of 5%.
Objective: Diarrhea is a symptom of a variety of conditions may attack the child. It considered one of
mam causes of mortality rates especially in low socio- economic level countries. The child can be
easily got dehydration and pass from loss of too much body fluid and due to the Common thoueht of
increasing the incidence of diarrhea during summer season, this study is done to find out the relation
between the high incidences rate of diarrhea and weather variation
Methodology: This survey conducted in AL- Markazi Child's Teaching Hospital for the year 2005 the
data were gathered from hospital records for the period (January - December) and age groups
taxonomy used by hospital applied. Descriptive statistical analysis
Linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression are the most widely used in multivariate statistical methods for analysis of data with categorical outcome variables .Both of them are appropriate for the development of linear classification models .linear discriminant analysis has been that the data of explanatory variables must be distributed multivariate normal distribution. While logistic regression no assumptions on the distribution of the explanatory data. Hence ,It is assumed that logistic regression is the more flexible and more robust method in case of violations of these assumptions.
In this paper we have been focus for the comparison between three forms for classification data belongs
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