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The Influence of Different Fabrication Techniques and Preparation Designs on the Marginal Adaptation of Ceramic Veneers (An In vitro Comparative Study)
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Background: Ceramic veneers represent the treatment of choice in minimally invasive esthetic dentistry; one of the critical factors in their long term success is marginal adaptation. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the marginal gap of ceramic veneers by using two different fabrication techniques and two different designs of preparation. Material and methods: A typodont maxillary central incisor used in the preparation from which metal dies were fabricated, which were in turn used to make forty stone dies. The dies divided into four experimental groups, each group had ten samples: A1: prepared with butt-joint incisal reduction and restored with IPS e.max CAD, A2: prepared with overlapped incisal reduction and restored with IPS e.max CAD. B1: prepared with butt-joint incisal reduction restored with IPS e.max press. B2: prepared with overlapped incisal reduction and restored with IPS e.max press. The marginal gap was measured with direct view technique using digital microscope at a magnification of 230x. Measurements were recorded for four surfaces for each sample and the maximum value was taken to represent that sample. Results: The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and independent samples t-tests. These tests revealed highly significant effects of both the preparation design and the technique of fabrication on the marginal gap (p=0.00), with CAD/CAM veneers, group A1 recorded the least marginal gap and pressing group, B2 showed the highest gap values. There was no significant effect of the interaction between the two parameters on the marginal gap. Conclusion: the CAD/CAM veneers with butt joint incisal reduction produced the most accurate margins while the least favorable combination was the pressable ceramic veneers with overlapped incisal reduction.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Thesis
Design and Implementation proposed Encoding and Hiding Text in an Image
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NAA Mustafa, University of Sulaimani, Ms. c Thesis, 2010 - Cited by 4

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Webology
The role of change management in achieving competetive advantage a case study in diyala state company
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The research aims to test the correlation relationships between wise leadership, and the business model, and to demonstrate its influence (wise leadership) on the business model. Therefore, two main hypotheses were put forward. The research was applied to a sample consisting of (87) managers and deputy managers, some of them are members on the board of directors of the researched company. The questionnaire was adopted as a basic tool for collecting data, in addition to personal interviews. A number of statistical methods were used to analyze the data and obtain results. The researcher showed a set of results, including: There is a significant correlation between wise leadership and business model. There is an influence of wise leadership on

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 29 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of the external auditor in assessing the security of information technology systems in light of (ISO/IEC 27001): (Applied research on a sample of private banks)
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This research aims to shed light on the necessity of establishing an information security management system through which banking security risks are managed in the light of the ISO (IEC 27001) standard, through which bank departments seek to demonstrate the management of their security systems and their controls in accordance with the specifications of the standard to obtain an internationally recognized security certificate And the need for senior management in banks to an independent person with scientific and practical qualification and who has accredited certificates in the field of information technology for the purpose of helping them to verify the level of compatibility between the policies and procedures applied and the p

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effect of cigarette smoking on salivary IgA and periodontal disease
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Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tissues supporting the teeth. Salivary compositions have been most intensely studied as a potential marker for periodontal disease. In this study, analysis of saliva provides a simple and non-invasive method of evaluating the role of salivary IgA (s-IgA) levels in periodontal disease by detecting the level of (s-IgA) in patients with chronic periodontitis smokers and non smokers patients and correlate the mean (s-IgA) levels with clinical periodontal parameters Plaque index (PLI) gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Materials and Methods: The study samples consists of (15) patients with chronic periodontitis who were non smokers (

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of Physical Environment and Crowded Classes on Academic Achievement
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The research problem can be summarized through focusing on the environment that surrounds students and class congestion, how these factors affect directly or indirectly the academic achievement of students, how these factors affect understanding the scientific material that the student receives in this physical environment, how classroom’s components such as seats, space With which the student can move, the number of students in the same class,  the lighting, whether natural or artificial, and is this lighting sufficient or not enough, the nature of the wall paint old or modern, is it comfortable for sight, the blackboard if it is Good or exhausted,  In addition to air-conditioning sets in summer and winter, this is on the on

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
The Effect of Brucellosis on Lipid Profile and Oxidant-Antioxidants Status
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The activation of inflammatory cells, the release of their mediators, and the excessive production of free radicals may affect circulating lipids, but no evidence supports a role for peroxidation in the pathogenesis of Brucellosis disease. The aim of this work is to study the effect of Brucellosis on lipid profile concentration and oxidant-antioxidant status. We studied 20 Brucellosis patients (18 Females and 2 males) and 15 healthy controls (age average from 16 to 60 years old). Significant differences were noted between the serum lipids of Brucellosis patients and control group. Mean total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) concentrations were higher in patients than in control group (mean ± SE 197

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
International Journal Of Scientific Research In Knowledge
The Impact of Teenage Pregnancy on Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes
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Adolescent pregnancy is common health problem still found in both developed and developing countries; as adolescent may have early sexual practice or early marriage. Adolescent mothers face substantially higher maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality than adult women. This is a randomized prospective clinical study conducted at Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. The objective of this work is to assess the adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in early and late teenage pregnant mothers. Study sample consisted of 220 primigravid women with a singleton, cephalic, viable fetus and no congenital abnormality that gave birth at Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. The 1stgroup: early teenage (46 w

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Advanced Pharmacy Education And Research
The effect of formulation and process variables on prepared etoricoxib ‎Nanosponges
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2026
Journal Name
Advances In Life Science And Technology
The Effect of Preservatives and Freezing on Museum Saved Fish Samples
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Two means used for saving fish samples, namely Freezing and Preservatives represented by Alcohol and Formalin. The Freezing was used in saving samples collected newly, in addition to use Alcohol and Formalin with different concentrations 70% of Alcohol and 10% of Formalin. The concentrations of some heavy metal elements were examined, such as Potassium, Phosphorus, Calcium, Manganese, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Copper and Boron in samples saved in Formalin and Alcohol and frozen at different durations. The concentration of some elements has been changed during the saving duration. The study was performed on the concentration of heavy elements in the Liza abu muscles of saved and frozen fish.

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 31 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Investigate Salts type and concentration on the conductivity of Polymer Electrolyte
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Polymer electrolytes systems compose of (PEO+KI+I2) and (PEO+RbI+I2) with different concentration, and a fixed amount of ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) over temperatures range 293-343 K prepared by solution cast me

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