Background: Green Tea is made from the leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensisâ€. Green tea is reported to contain thousands of bioactive ingredients including catechins which have shown great promise for having antimicrobial effects. Periodontal diseases represent one of the most prevalent diseases around the world and the main etiologic factor behind it, is plaque accumulation, in addition certain kinds of bacteria have been detected frequently in subjects suffering from periodontitis, Several studies suggested that the outcome of periodontal treatment is better if particular pathogens including Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans can no longer be detected after therapy. Materials and Methods: plaque samples were collected from 20 patients suffering from chronic periodontitis with probing pocket depth of at least 6 mm, Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans (A.A) was isolated and diagnosed according to morphological characteristics and biochemical tests. Green tea leaves were extracted by using water and alcohol. The first experiment involved testing the sensitivity of A.A to different concentrations of the extracts using agar well diffusion method,the second experiment involved determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and then determination of the minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract against the bacteria, laboratory analysis of green tea extracts using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed. Results: Both green tea extracts were effective in inhibition of Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans using agar well diffusion method, 90% and 100% concentrations of alcoholic extract showed larger inhibition zones than chlorhexidinegluconate 0.2% with statistically significant difference, CHX showed higher inhibition zones than all aqueous extract concentrations.The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of alcoholic green tea extract that inhibit Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans growth was 60%, The MIC of aqueous green tea extract that inhibits Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans growth was 70%.The MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) of alcoholic green tea extract that killsAggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans was 80%, the MBC of aqueous green tea extract that kills Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans growth was 90%. HPLC analysis of aqueous and alcoholic green tea extracts revealed that alcoholic extract contained higher concentration of EGCG while aqueous extract had higher content of catechin and epicatechin. Conclusion: Green tea extracts were effective against Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans, alcoholic green tea extract showed inhibition ability more than the aqueous green tea extract and more than CHX and it showed bactericidal activity at 80%,90% and 100% concentrations.
The present study is a qualitative study that aims to investigate the way the Iraqi caricaturist,Dheaa Al-Hajjar uses caricatures to produce a satirical meaning humorously.Producing satire while at the same maintaining humor requires a creative thinking on the part of the caricaturist. Thus, the study examines the production of humorous satire in terms of creativity. The analysis is done from the cognitive linguistic point of view using Arthur Koestler's theory of bisociation as presented in his book The Act of Creation in 1964. The main principle on which the theory is based is that humor is created via linking (or bisociating in Koestler's terms) two habitually incompatible trains of thought in order to come up with a novel me
... Show MoreThe present paper respects 'inversion' as a habit of arranging the language of modern English and Arabic poetry . Inversion is a significant phenomenon generally in modern literature and particularly in poetry that it treats poetic text as it is a violator to the ordinary text. The paper displays the common patterns and functions of inversion which are spotted in modern English and Arabic poetry in order to show aspects of similarities and differences in both languages. It concludes that inversion is most commonly used in English and Arabic poetry in which it may both satisfy the demands of sound correspondence and emphasis. English and Arabic poetic languages vary in extant to their manipulation of inverted styles as they show changeable f
... Show MoreThe current study included a detail morphological study of all parts of the two species of the genus Tropaeolum L. (Tropaeolumceae) cultivated in different gardens, the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruit were studied in detail, also the pollen grains were studied, and there are photographs for all that parts were putted. A specimens of that taxa were studied in some Iraqi herbaria. The study found that there are many characters were used in differentiation of two species under study.
Typhoid fever (TF) is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi (Salmonella Enterica) transmitted through contaminated water, food, or contact with infected individuals. In various infectious diseases, blood viscosity (BV) is affected by changes in hemoglobin concentrations and acute phase reactants. Inflammatory responses can lead to elevated plasma protein levels and further affect BV. This study aimed to investigate BV changes in patients with acute TF. A cross-sectional study was performed involving 55 patients with acute TF compared to 38 healthy controls. BV and inflammatory parameters were measured in both groups. TF patients showed reduced blood cells compared to healthy controls (p=0.001). Additionally, plasma total protein (
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Every body has a size and mass that distinguishes it from others and makes it different from others. Some of these bodies are huge and large in size, and some are small and light in weight. Among these masses and bodies are some that are dealt with by their size and weight, each according to its quantity, weight, and cheapness. This is why they created quantities by which these weights and quantities could be estimated, so they used measures and weights for that. Objectives: The research aims to know some measures and weights, such as the wife’s maintenance, the amount of zakat, etc.I found it to be a widely spread topic, and widely used in the folds of jurisprudence. During my reading of jurisprudence books, I found jurists using many qu
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ZG Abdulrazaq, MR Younus, Nasaq, 2023
This study aims to evaluate the performance of emergency departments according to international standards through studying the performance in some of Iraqi public hospitals, where the evaluation performance is considered one of the important topics that take a great deal of officials' attention, especially decision makers in health organizations.
The researcher has derived the research idea from the importance of work in emergency department in hospitals and to what it provides of medical services and quick and immediate nursing care that help in patients' lifesaving, and it is the mirror that reflects the real image for the hospital
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Background: Semen contamination is a detrimental factor in decreasing fertility. Seasonal changes may affect the contamination, too. Objectives: This study was designed to detect semen contamination in ovine and caprine during different seasons. Methods: Six fully mature male sheep and goats were subjected to electro-ejaculator collection twice monthly from February 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023 (Spring, February 1, 2022-April 30, 2022; Summer, May 1, 2022, July 31, 2022; Autumn August 1, 2022, October 31, 2022; Winter November 1, 2022, January 31, 2023), for studying the seasonal effect. A total of 288 semen samples were collected from both species (36 samples from each per season). All samples were subjected to bacterial isolatio
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The Logic of Freezers and Animals in the Holy Quran