Background: Oral cancer is a highly lethal and disfiguring disease. Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity constitutes about 90% of all oral malignancies. The aims of the study was to achieve an epidemiological description of the oral squamous cell carcinoma in Iraq in general and in Iraqi governorates except Kurdistan region retrospectively during period 2001-2013 Materials and Methods: Data were collected from department of oral and maxillofacial pathology, college of dentistry, university of Baghdad, Nuclear medicine and radiotherapy hospital, Iraqi cancer registry center, Main hospitals in Baghdad and Iraqi governorates, Private labs. for histopathological examinations. The descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used (frequency distributions, percentages, incidence rate, standardized ratio and relative risk) Results: In Iraq from 2001-2013, there were 1664 cases with overall M:F ratio (1.4 : 1). The most affected age group was (50-69 yrs), tongue was the most common affected site, grade II was the most common, and the highest number of OSCC was reported in Baghdad governorate. A negative time trend was observed in the overall (crude) incidence rate of all registered OSCC in Iraq. Conclusion: The incidence rate (crude rate) of OSCC decreased in Iraq from 2001 to 2013, and the standardized ratio showed that there is a decrease in tumor risk with advancing time.
Abstract:
The achievement of agricultural development provide food security and to form a basis for economic growth and comprehensive social, requires a number of actions to overcome the obstacles and problems facing the development of this economic sector, to make it able to achieve food security and operation of the workforce, and reduce dependence on the outside in the provision of food peripherals, and so it is only available through the highest degree of efficiency and economic mobilization of resources, so most of the developed and developing countries alike seek to achieve sustainable agricultural development tobacco meet the food requirements and good jobs for c
... Show Morepublishing has become a large space in the field of interactive education and modern pages have become dedicated to the service of the educational effort in this area as the research in this context of the urgent scientific necessities, especially as we consider in Iraq from the new countries in the exploitation of these new technologies and investment possibilities of the information network And the contents of different in the framework of so-called distance education Here lies the problem of research in the possibility of finding scientific solutions for the design of interactive inter active website for students of the preparatory stage in Iraq and to find out the scientific ways to find design The study, which included the problem of
... Show MoreIraq is considered one of the countries most susceptible to the negative impacts of climate change. According to international reports, it is classified as among the top five most affected by climate change in the world, leading to economic resource shortages and an increase in water scarcity, which exposes societal stability in Iraq to a threat. This may result in social disintegration and civil conflicts, so climate changes are considered one of the most dangerous crises affecting societal stability in Iraq during this stage. In this context, the research attempts to trace the causes of climate change and their effects on societal stability in Iraq and suggest some necessary measures to confront them in the future. The resea
... Show MoreCentralization and decentralization, planning and development, and community participation in the management of its affairs and to activate all the abilities that multiple methods aimed at creating the proper environment for the growth and development of society in the place where he lives. As long as the overall trend in Iraq, represented by the Permanent Constitution of decentralization to regions and provinces, the solutions to the obstacles that may face this transition in some respects presents ways of coordination and integration between multiple levels of planning which can be exercised by the schematic in the future the organization. In this paper some of the visions and ideas that can contribute to the organization
... Show MoreMorphological and phonological studies of fungal pathogen infecting alfalfa weevil Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) indicating that infection has been shown to develop along two distinct physiological lines, each culminating in the production of either conidial or resting spores, in host cadavers which are morphologically distinct. The percent of infection and epizootic development appeared to be dependent on host density. Farther evidence to entail proper correlation between conidia and resting spores suggest that these two forms of spores are stages in the development of one pathogen.
Insufficient and poor sleep quality significantly impacts the health and quality of life of persons with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) on hemodialysis. This study explored the effectiveness of teaching patients on hemodialysis, Benson’s relaxation technique. Seventy-one persons on hemodialysis in Iraq were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. The experimental group received training and encouragement to use the Benson relaxation technique. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score was collected for all the patients before and after the intervention. After 8 weeks a repeated measurement of the post-test on sleep quality was done for both groups. The experimental group showed a statistically sign
... Show MoreObesity among girls can cause physical, psychological, or social problems. Different cultures have different lifestyle and dietary habits which affect people’s experience about obesity. This study aimed to assess girls’ experience toward obesity.
In 2023, a qualitative conventional content analysis method was used in this study to meet the study’s objective in Baghdad and Babylon, Iraq. A probability purposive sampling method was used to gather the sample from three high schools in t
In this research, we sought to identify the nature of the relationship between the exchange rate of the Chinese yuan and the value of Chinese exports, through the formulation of a standard model based on the model of common integration, and based on the data of the study and using the test "Angel-Granger" It reflects the relationship between the two research variables, through which the relationship between the RMB exchange rate and the value of Chinese exports was estimated during the period 1978-2017.
In Iraq 1.4 million of people have diabetes, the prevalence of T2DM was ranged (8.5%—13.9%), and the cluster of metabolic abnormalities has long been identified as the risk factors for type 2 diabetes and is now commonly described as metabolic syndrome/MetS. Insulin resistance takes a key role in the process of the MetS and has even been hypothesized as its underlying cause. Clinical and epidemiologic studies also indicate that obesity and life style habit might be correlated with IR. This study examined the relationship between IR and MetS in a sample of young, healthy university students in Iraq. It discovered that the severity of IR is positively correlated with the clustering of MetS risk factors in Iraqi students, suggesting
... Show MoreINFLUENCE OF SOME FACTOR ON SOMATIC EMBRYOS INDUCTION AND GERMINATION OF DATE PALM CV BARHI BY USING CELL SUSPENSION CULTURE TECHNIQUEe