Background: Lead-acid battery workers are at higher risk for systemic diseases as well as oral diseases like dental caries. The aim of this study was to assess selected salivary antioxidants and their relation with dental caries among lead acid battery factory workers in comparison with non-exposed group. Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 35 subjects aged 35-45 year-old who worked in Babylon lead acid battery factory in Baghdad city and matching group that not exposed to lead were selected as a control. Dental caries severity was recorded by using DMFS index, stimulated salivary samples were collected and analyzed for the measurement of salivary antioxidants (uric acid, total protein, catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes). Results: The antioxidants levels (uric acid, catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes) were higher among the study group than the control group with non-significant difference for uric acid, highly significant difference for catalaseenzyme and significant for glutathione peroxidaseenzymes, whereas total protein level was significantly lower among the study group than the control. Regarding dental cariesseverity, DMFS values were significantly higher among study group compared to that among control group. All the correlations between salivary antioxidants and dental carries found to be weak non-significant for both groups. Conclusions: Selected salivary antioxidants were found to have little effects dental caries of the study group, although dental caries revealed higher percentage of occurrence among lead exposed workers. Therefore, special oral health preventive and educational programs are needed for them. Key words: lead exposure, lead acid battery workers, antioxidants, oral health status.
Computational Thinking (CT) is very useful in the process of solving everyday problems for undergraduates. In terms of content, computational thinking involves solving problems, studying data patterns, deconstructing problems using algorithms and procedures, doing simulations, computer modeling, and reasoning about abstract things. However, there is a lack of studies dealing with it and its skills that can be developed and utilized in the field of information and technology used in learning and teaching. The descriptive research method was used, and a test research tool was prepared to measure the level of (CT) consisting of (24) items of the type of multiple-choice to measure the level of "CT". The research study group consists of
... Show MoreSlow learning becomes a problem in the present , where it comprises ratio musnt ignore in every school . So , its one of education problems facing by parents and teachers .
Slow learning subject regard of new subject attract the attention in the last years of the 20th century where the attention was focusing on the other disabilities but the existence of number of healthy children suffering from Learning problems attract the attention of the researchers .
So , this study aims at recognizing the degree of self , concept among slow learner students and the differences significance of self concept according to sex and academic degree of parents variables.
Because there is not tool , the researcher build a
... Show MoreBackground: Depression in elderly aged (60 year and above )is a widespread mental health problem . The current primary healthcare systeminadequately recognize and treat elderly patients with depression..
Objectives:To determine the prevalence of depression among elderly patientsin Mosul city, its correlation with some sociodemographic variablesand to assess severity of depression in relation to past history of depression.
Type of the study: This is a cross-sectional study.
Methods: This study assess the prevalence of depression in a randomly selected sample 150 elderly patients aged 60 years and above (89 female &
... Show MoreThe best means and ways to develop an athlete's physical and skill capabilities, and among these means is the use of training aids that help develop some bio-kinetic abilities, and prepared exercises have had an important role in improving athletic performance in badminton, where the player must possess physical fitness, explosive power, and strength. Characterized by speed as well as accuracy, awareness, and focus while playing on the court, the badminton player must be physically fit through a continuous movement of small and large muscles to achieve good performance, which requires special physical abilities and skills, and the most important of these bio-kinetic abilities are agility, coordination, and measuring the coordination
... Show MoreAim: This study aims to determine both the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in clinical breast examination in women and the relationship between knowledge and practice.Data collection was performed within a three-month period starting from February 2019 on. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional analytical study included 657 non-randomly selected women visiting primary health care centers in Baghdad city with an average of age between (20-59) years old. Results: Only 51.8% ever heard of clinical breast examination. The mean knowledge score for clinical breast examination was (51.2±44). Only 5.5% of women performed regular clinical breast examinations. Participants who adequately practice clinical breast examinatio
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Statistical control charts are widely used in industry for process and measurement control . in this paper we study the use of markov chain approach in calculating the average run length (ARL) of cumulative sum (Cusum) control chart for defect the shifts in the mean of process , and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts for defect the shifts for process mean and , the standard deviation . Also ,we used the EWMA charts based on the logarithm of the sample variance for monitoring a process standard deviation when the observations (products are selected from al_mamun factory ) are identically and independently distributed (iid) from normal distribution in continuous manufacturing .
The purpose of this research work is to synthesize conjugates of NSAIDs (ibuprofen, and naproxen) with sulfadiazine as possible mutual prodrugs to overcome the local gastric irritation of NSAIDs with free carboxyl group by formation of ester linkage that supposed to remain intact in stomach and may hydrolyze in intestine chemically or enzymatically; in addition to that attempting to target the synthesized derivative to the colon by formation of azo bond that undergo reduction only by colonic bacterial azoreductaze enzyme to liberate the parent compound to act locally (treatment of inflammation and infections in colon)
A mathematical model was proposed to study the microkinetics of esterification reaction of oleic acid with ethanol over prepared HY zeolite catalyst. The catalyst was prepared from Iraqi kaolin source and its properties were characterized by different techniques. The esterification was done under different temperature (40 to 70˚C) with 6:1 for molar ratio of ethanol to oleic acid and 5 % catalyst loading.
The microkinetics study was done over two period of time each period was examined individually to calculate the reaction rate constant and activation energy. The impact of the mass transfer resistance to the reactant was also investigated; two different studies have been accomplished to do this purpose.
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... Show MoreMany condensed polymers [A1-A7] were prepared via reaction of (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid = EDTA), with different prepared imide-diamines by modification [ modification of amino acids and antibiotics (B1- B7)] Imide-diamines were prepared by chlorination of L-amino acids such as [ L-Histidine, L-Alanine, L-Valine, L-Glycine and L-Aspargine ] or selected antibiotics such as [Cephallixine monohydrate and Amoxilline ] with thionyl chloride at 0°C, then reacted with ammonia to obtain imidediamines [B1-B7] . The physical properties of all prepared condensed polymers [A1-A7], new prepared diamines [B1-B7] were studied and characterized by FT -IR spectroscope to certify the structural formulas. The thermal analysis (TGA, DTA) were studied, a
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