Background: The prevention of the enamel demineralization at the periphery of the brackets is a significant challenge to orthodontic professionals. The aim of this clinical study was to compare the Streptococcus mutants count in the plaque surrounding two orthodontic adhesive types, Fuji Ortho LC and Enlight (Ormco). Materials and methods: A total of 13 patients (7 male and 6 female) needing fixed orthodontic appliance therapy were participated. A split mouth technique was followed with appliances bonded by two orthodontic adhesive types, Fuji Ortho LC and Enlight (Ormco). Saliva was collected before placement of appliances (T0) and again at three weeks (T1) and six weeks (T2) after placement of appliances. Plaque was collected from areas adjacent to brackets and buccal tubes at three weeks (T1) and six weeks (T2) after placement of appliances. The numbers (colony-forming units) of Streptococcus mutans were determined with the side-specific modified Strip-Mutans. Results: No significant modification in the number of Streptococcus mutans CFU in saliva was observed at both time intervals (T1) and (T2) after placement of appliances. The number of Streptococcus mutans CFU in plaque at both time intervals (T1) and (T2) was statistically lower in sites adjacent to Fuji Ortho LC than in those adjacent to Enlight (Ormco) adhesive. Conclusion: plaque surround brackets and tubes bonded with Fuji Ortho LC adhesive harbor less Streptococcus mutans and this will aid in prevention of enamel demineralization.
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KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, SA Galib, Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 2013 - Cited by 4
It is shown that pure and 3% boron doped a-Si0.1Ge0.9:H and a-Si0.1Ge0.9:N thin films
could be prepared by flash evaporation processes. The hydrogenation and nitrogenation
are very successful in situ after depositing the films. The FT-IR analysis gave all the
known absorbing bonds of hydrogen and nitrogen with Si and Ge.
Our data showed a considerable effect of annealing temperature on the structural and
optical properties of the prepared films. The optical energy gap (Eopt.) of a-Si0.1Ge0.9
samples showed to have significant increase with annealing temperature (Ta) also the
refractive index and the real part of dielectric constant increases with Ta, however the
extinction coefficient and imaginary part of dielect
An aromatic ester containing two azo groups namely p-nitro phenyl azo-β-naphthyl-(4'-azobenzoic acid)-4-benzoate was synthesized by esterfiaction of 4,4'-azo dibenzoic acid with p-nitro phenyl azo-β-naphthol. Synthesized ester was characterized by CHN-Elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. A modified PVA polymer was obtained by grafting 10 g of PVA-polymer via partial esterification with (2, 3, 4 g) p-nitro phenyl azo-1-naphthyl-4-azobenzoic acid)-4-azo benzoate. Grafting PVA-polymer behaviours was studied, by physical measurements (solubility, swelling), thermal properties (DSC) and tensile.
The basis of the personality of each individual lies in the early years of his or her life. If the personality of the child has been well organized and if the motives have been fully expressed and effectively directed, the child will have a strong will, happy self-confidence and a strong personality. If there is a failure In the early years, the individual will be unable to meet his responsibilities in life and may be the victim of many psychological disorders. The family is a learning process through which children acquire the customs, traditions, attitudes and values prevailing in their social environment. (Pre-and-after) play and its relationship to parenting methods of (democratic-bullying-overprotection- and neglect), which wi
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In this research, a new 1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole derivatives have been synthesized by many heterocyclic reactions. Starting from (2, 5 – dimercapto -1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole) a variety of derivatives have been synthesis. Compound (1) was synthesized by the reaction of hydrazine hydrate with carbon disulphide in absolute ethanol. The compound (1) was reacted with 1, 2-dibromoethane in presence of alkali ethanol to give the compound (2). The compound (3) was formed from the reaction of compound (2) with hydrazine hydrate. Schiff base (4) was obtained by reacting of compound (3) with the compound (p-hydroxybenzaldehyde) in absolute ethanol. A variety of phenolic Schiff base (Methylolic, Etheric, and Epoxy) derivatives have been synthesized. Methylol
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Tax state institution regards as one of the largest state institutions implementing the tax rules issuing be legislative body and achieving the goals of tax (financial, economic, social and political). So, the tax management should pay attention to the procedures enabling it to achieve those rules starting from the procedures of tax restrict and ending by tax allocation where the process of assessment the taxation must relaxing on modern methods. The problem of the study raising from that in spite of there is a low obliging the taxable person (registered or not) to submit a declaration about his income and the achieved profit to be the base of taxation˒ where the other ways are secondary ways helping in rejection of t
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Albizia lebbeck biomass was used as an adsorbent material in the present study to remove methyl red dye from an aqueous solution. A central composite rotatable design model was used to predict the dye removal efficiency. The optimization was accomplished under a temperature and mixing control system (37?C) with different particle size of 300 and 600 ?m. Highest adsorption efficiencies were obtained at lower dye concentrations and lower weight of adsorbent. The adsorption time, more than 48 h, was found to have a negative effect on the removal efficiency due to secondary metabolites compounds. However, the adsorption time was found to have a positive effect at high dye concentrations and high adsorbent weight. The colour removal effi
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