Background: Tooth decay is still one of most common diseases of childhood, child’s primary teeth are important even though they aretemporary. This study was conducted to assess the physiochemical characteristic of saliva among caries experience preschool children and compared them with caries free matching in age and gender. Then an evaluation was done about these salivary characteristics to dental caries and evaluated the relation of body mass index to dental caries and to salivary variables. Materials and method: After examination 360 children aged 4-5 years of both gender. Caries-experiences was recorded according to dmfs index by (World Health Organization criteria 1987) during pilot study children with caries experience was divided in to three groups according to decay fraction of decay missing filled surfaces index .Mild with decay surfaces<6, moderate with 6≤decay surfaces≤13 and severe with decay surfaces>13 and select thirty children with moderate caries experience and compared with thirty caries free children decay missing filled surfaces=0 match in age and gender. Nutritional status of each child was assessed by measuring weight and height to calculate body mass index. Unstimulated saliva collected from sixty child under standardized condition and potential hydrogen and flow rate were measured. Total antioxidant concentration, total protein, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, zinc and copper were measured. Results: Statistically highly significant differences were found in concentration of salivary calcium and inorganic phosphorus between caries-experience and caries free children with higher mean value among caries free group. Statistically significant differences were found in concentration of salivary zinc between groups. Statistically non-significant differences were found in concentration of salivary total antioxidant, total protein, copper and body mass index between caries experience and caries free groups.Salivary flow rate and PH showed statistical non-significant differences between groups. Positive non-significant correlation was found between dmfs index, (ds) fraction of dmfs index and salivary flow rate, total antioxidant and negative correlation with salivary PH, total protein, calcium, phosphorus, zinc and copper. Positive a non-significant correlation was found between BMI, salivary flow rate, PH, total antioxidant, zinc and copper while a negative weak correlation found with dmfs, ds fraction of index and salivary total protein, calcium and inorganic phosphorus in caries experience group. Furthermore a non-significant positive correlation was found between BMI, salivary flow rate, PH, total antioxidant inaddition to that negative weak correlation was found with salivary total protein, calcium inorganic phosphorus, zinc and copper among caries free group. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that inorganic components of saliva play an important role in reminerlization of incipient caries and there is an inverse association between body mass index and dental caries.
Objectives: The study aims at assessing the parental treatment and aggressive behaviors among adolescents and to find out the association between parental treatment and aggressive behavior.
Methodology: A descriptive correlational design that is initiated for the period of January 1st to July 5th, 2021; The sample of the study includes 220 from the intermediate school male students in schools in the Karkh and Rusafa in Baghdad have ranged in age from (13-15) years, the researcher used the convenient sampling method (non-probability sample) in which the students were selected purposively. Parental Treatment Scal
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Because of the vulnerability of the concept of historical cost adopted as a basis for accounting measurement to many of the criticisms in reaction counter to the concept of fair value, the aim of the research is to try to make a comparison between the historical cost and fair value to prove the health and safety of any of the measurement best for the preparation of financial statements and through the state of each of the two study secretary and good financial investment after being diagnosed with a realistic problem is the limitations of the concept of historical cost in the evaluation of assets in spite of the supposed information disclosed in the financial statements compared to appropriate property for the concept of the fair value o
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Investigating the strength and the relationship between the Self-organized learning strategies and self-competence among talented students was the aim of this study. To do this, the researcher employed the correlation descriptive approach, whereby a sample of (120) male and female student were selected from various Iraqi cities for the academic year 2015-2016. the researcher setup two scales based on the previous studies: one to measure the Self-organized learning strategies which consist of (47) item and the other to measure the self-competence that composed of (50) item. Both of these scales were applied on the targeted sample to collect the required data
The recent research aims to the following
1- Identify the for Psychicasthein high school students
2-Identify the differences of Psychicasthein of high school students according tothe (male, female).
3- Identify the for Family Violence high school students .
4-Identify the differences of Family Violence of high school students according to the ( male,female)
5-Identify of the relationship between the Psychicasthein and family violence
To achieve the objectives of the present research was to build Psychicasthein scale and the adoption of a measure of domestic violence, and applied these tools, and after extracting the psychometric properties of the two measures of reliability and validity, according to a sample of 200 stu
The lipid profile and adipokines of an adolescent may be affected by some parasite infections. Recently, it has been discovered that these parasites are connected to body mass index (BMI), lipids and adipokines. The current study, therefore, aimed to specify how Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) affect BMI, lipid profile and adipokines. This study was conducted in Al Madain hospital, Baghdad from October to December 2022. An ELISA test was performed to examine the anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM for a group of adolescents attending the hospital. Based on this examination ninety adolescents were chosen to be involved in the study. They were separated in to two groups: individuals who tested positive for the parasite (n=45) and those who teste
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Objectives: The study aim was to explore the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of Iraqi physicians regarding generic and locally manufactured medicines. Methods: A total of 124 physicians were involved in this cross -sectional study. The convenience sample was collected from five public hospitals in Baghdad. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed and collected in-person. Fisher's Exact Test was used to measure the association between physician years of experience, gender and categorical (perception and knowledge) variables. Results: Most respondent answers regarding the knowledge of generic medicines were incorrect. Only up to one-third of the participants knew that generic medicines are therapeutically eq
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Background. To identify the most common retention protocols practiced by Iraqi orthodontists using a specially designed e-survey. Furthermore, this study aimed to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors on the participant’s choice. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-five questionnaires with 23 multiple choice questions were sent to members of the Iraqi Orthodontic Society. The questionnaire was organized into four sections representing information about sociodemographic status of the orthodontists, factors affecting the selection of the retention system, commonly used retainers in the upper arch and lower arch, and duration of the retention system. The chi-square test was used to test the significant association between differe
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The study seeks to examine the level of personal efficacy and its relation to mental alertness among university students. Besides, the statistically significant differences in regard of students' gender, and the correlation between male and female. To do this, the researcher adopted two scales: one to measure the personal efficacy which was made up by (abed al-jabaar, 2010) included (26) items, and the other to measure the mental alertness that designed by (abed Allah, 2012) included (36) items. A total of (120) student were selected randomly from three-different colleges at the Al-Mustansiriyah University for the academic year 2016-2017. The findings revealed there are no significant differences among students in regard of the personal
... Show Morestudy aimed to recognize the relationship shyness and depression and to recognize the differences between the genders, according to the variable of shyness and depression, the sample consisted (214) students, (141) female (73) male, and the sample responded scale of shyness and Inventory beck for depression, The Results of this study show that: the sample has a low degree shyness and a high degree depression, . There are no statistically significant differences according to gender variable in shyness, and there are statistically significant differences according to gender variable in depression favor for male, and there are statistically significant relationships between the variables of the study at lev
... Show MoreComplexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II)and Zn(II) with mixed ligand of 4 tributylphosphine (PBu3) were prepared in aqueous ethanol with (1:2:2) (M:L:PBu3)The prepared