Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease, is a quite prevalent gastrointestinal disease, among which gastric content (excluding the air) returns into the oral cavity. Many 0ral manifestations related t0 this disease include tooth wear, dental caries also changes in salivary flow rate and pH. This study was conducted among gastroesophageal reflux disease patients in order to assess tooth wear in relation to salivary flow rate and pH among these patients and the effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease duration on this relation. Materials and methods: One hundred patients participate in this cross-sectional study for both genders and having an age range of 20-40 years old, patients had been endoscopically identified as having gastroesophageal reflux disease using the classification of Los Angeles (LA), who were attending the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. and divided into two groups: group A with grade severity mucosal breakage not longer than 5 mm and Group B with grade severity mucosal breakage more than 5 mm long, Smith and Knight (1984) tooth wear index criteria were used for the assessment of tooth wear. For measurement of salivary flow rate and pH, saliva sample (unstimulated) had been collected. Results: Of the entire sample (90%) were having tooth wear. Tooth wear was higher in grade B severity than in grade A severity among patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease duration of two years or less, while it was higher in grade A than in grade B among patients with a duration of more than two years but all these results were statistically non-significant. Salivary flow rate and pH showed a non-significant reduction with increasing gastroesophageal reflux disease severity for both of groups concerning disease duration. The correlation of total tooth wear with salivary flow rate and pH was a significantly weak negative correlation in grade A, while a nonsignificant weak negative correlation in grade B. Conclusions: The findings of the present study concluded that patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease recorded a high occurrence of tooth wear and there was a negative correlation of tooth wear with salivary flow rate and pH among patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is a special type of concrete with zero or even negative slump consistency. In this work, it had aimed to produce an RCC mix suitable for roads paving with minimum cost and better engineering properties so, different RCC mixes had prepared i.e. (M1, M2, M3, and M4) using specified percentages of micro natural silica sand powder (SSP) as partial replacement of (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) by weight of sulfate resistant Portland cement. Additionally, M-sand, crushed stone, filler, and water had been used. The results had obtained after 28 days of water curing. The control mix (M1) had satisfied the required
Our aim was to investigate the changes in the myocardium stiffness index for patients suffering from systemic hypertension, and to assess their left ventricular performance. We studied 263 hypertensive patients and 166 healthy subjects as a control group. By using conventional Doppler echocardiography, the following parameters were measured—Left ventricular end diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter, transmitral early velocity, isovolumic relaxation time, and isovolumic contraction time. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was used in the measurements of the early mitral annular velocity (Ea) and the diastolic stiffness was obtained by calculating the ratio E\Ea\LVIDd. Index myocardial performance (IMP) was calculated
... Show MoreBackground:In this study,TiO2 layer was thermally grown as a diffusion barrier on CP Ti substrate prior to electrophoretic deposition of HA coatings, to improve the coating’s compatibility also macro and micro pores in nano Hydroxyapatite dual coatings were created and their effect on the bond strength between the bone and implant was evaluated. Materials and methods: Electrophoretic Deposition technique (EPD) was used to obtain coatings for each one of four types of Hydroxyapatite(HA)on CP Ti screws (micro HA, nano HA, dual nano HA with micro pores, dual nano HA with macro pores) where carbon particles used as fugitive material to be removed by thermal treatment to create porosity.For examination of the changes occurred on the subs
... Show MoreVarious activities taking place within the city of Baghdad have significantly contributed to organic pollution in Rivers Tigris and Diyala. The present study aimed to assess some physical, chemical and biological aspects of six sites on Rivers Tigris and Diyala as they flow through the city of Baghdad. Monthly samples were collected for the period January to December, 2005. Marked differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of water were noted between the two rivers’ sites. Average values during the study period of dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, particulate organic matter, nitrate, phosphate and total dissolved solids for Tigris and Diyala were 7.8,4.7; 2.4,10.4; 350.1,921.4;7.8,13.9;1.2,4.8;814,2176 mg / l re
... Show Moreأن التطور العلمي الحاصل فيما يخص المجال الرياضي أرسى آفاق جديدة لمواكبة التطور الكبير في مجا ل الألعاب والفعاليات الرياضية المختلفة ,و أن تحقيق النتائج الجيدة في فعاليات العاب القوى بشكل عام والثلاثية بشكل خاص في التدريب الرياضي يتطلب إتباع الأساليب العلمية الدقيقة والموضوعية بشكل سليم ومخطط له،فضلا عنة تطبيق نظريات ومنحى جديد لمواكبة الاتجاهات الحديثة في تحقيق النتائج الجيدة للوصول إلى المستويات العالية
... Show MoreObjective(s): The present study aims at identifying the Iraqi Colleges of Nursing Deans' leadership
behaviors effectiveness and faculty members' motivation towards work in these colleges.
Methodology: Descriptive design has been used for the sample survey manner, which is the
appropriate approach to the study of social phenomena in the field where provides data on the reality of
these phenomena and relations between the causes and consequences and an analysis of it and perhaps
the factors affecting it and how it appears. The study relies on a questionnaire to collect data from the
participants which is composed of (86) items distributed on three axes: First, the demographic
characteristics which are composed of (8) i
Transformations of the actor when acting many characters are the product of joint work between the actor and the director through the instructions and the exercises that facilitate the reach for the desired goal.
The method or way has often been used which is Stanislavsky premises in his work with the actor in the role. The first section consists of two parts under the heading of the actor's work with himself. The two parts are preparing the actor in creative suffering (internal), and in coexistence and embodiment (outside). The second section is the book of the actor's work with the role. The current research aims at identifying the mechanism of the acting performance transformations among many characters of the same actor.
... Show MoreThe article states that the Russian verbs of destruction belong to the lexical-semantic group of physical impact. They include verbs with the meaning of “damage” and “destroy”. It is emphasized that each of these groups is relatively independent; the cut line between them is fuzzy and arbitrary. It is postulated that when the object is completely destroyed, then the verb has the meaning of “destruction”, and when the object is partially destroyed, then the verb has the meaning of “damage”. It is this feature that individualizes the meaning of verbs. The study distinguishes between the groups and the nature of the object as- animate / inanimate. The object of the action of the “destruction” can only be inan
... Show More